Unit 8 Teaching Vocabulary.ppt

1、Teaching Vocabulary,Unit 8,Warming-up Discussion,Do you think learning English vocabulary is very important?,No bricks, no building!,Language is made up of three main elements: grammar, phonetics and vocabulary. Vocabulary is the carrier of phonetics and grammar and is also the construction material

2、 of linguistic building.,“If there is no grammar, people can only express something; but if there is no vocabulary, people can express nothing .”,Wilkins,2400-2500 单词 400-500 习惯用语,1500-1600 单词 200-300 习惯用语,一门外语过关,600-700 单词 50 习惯用语,一级,二级,三级,四级,五级,六级,七级,八级,九级,六年级结束时的 要求,九年级结束时的 要求,普通高中课程 要求,新课程标准课程设计

3、思路,Warming-up Discussion,Is it very easy to learn English vocabulary?,What are the learners difficulties in learning English vocabulary?,P117,Problems in learning vocabulary,Read the paragraph on Page 133 and try to get some ideas about the problems of English vocabulary learning in China.,Main Topi

4、cs for this unit:,I. Understanding vocabulary II. What does knowing a word involve? III. Ways of presenting vocabulary IV. Ways of consolidating vocabulary V. Developing vocabulary learning strategies,I. What is vocabulary ?,Vocabulary refers to the words we teach in the foreign language.,A new item

5、 of vocabulary may be more than a single word.,e.g. post office, mother-in-law,etc.,II. What does knowing a word involve?,Form: pronunciation and spelling,Grammatical properties: verb forms, noun forms, etc.,The first aspect of meaning: Denotative meaning (字面含义) Connotative meaning (言外含义) Appropriat

6、eness Register (语域),P119,Collocation Synonyms (同义词) Antonyms (反义词) Hyponyms (下义词) e.g. dog, lion, mouse-animal Co-hyponyms/co-ordinates (同等词) Super-ordinates (上义词),The second aspect of meaning:,PP119-120,Word formation:,Affixation （词缀法） Conversion （转类法）zero derivation Composition （合词法） e.g. hotline

7、Blending （拼缀法）e.g. smog Backformation（逆成法） e.g. television-televise Shortening （缩略法）phone, ad,Receptive/passive vocabulary Productive/active vocabulary,P120,Do you agree or disagree?,Finish Task No. 1 on Page 117.,Finish Task No. 4 and decide on which aspects of vocabulary each of the vocabulary lea

8、rning activities is trying to focus.,PP121-124,Practice,Do Task No. 3 and discuss what implications we can draw about vocabulary teaching .,P121,Discussion,III. Ways of presenting vocabulary,Try to present the following words:,mushroom, shove, earrings, newspaper, dependent, dance, expensive, congra

9、tulations, picture, scream, president, teenager,Draw pictures, diagrams and maps to show meanings or connections of meanings; Use real objects to show meanings; Mime or act to show meanings; Use lexical sets or word series. E.g. cook- fry, boil, bake, and grill; Information-gap presentation ( GU: 12

10、4),Ways to present new vocabulary:,Use synonyms and antonyms to explain meanings; Translate and exemplify, especially with technical words or words with abstract meanings; Use word formation rules; Define or give explanations; Use the context in which the word is found.,Page 124,Do Task No. 7 and tr

11、y to find as many ways as possible to present the new words in the given text.,P126,Practice,IV. Ways of consolidating vocabulary,Labeling Spotting the differences Describing and drawing Playing a game Using word series Word bingo Word association,Finding synonyms and antonyms Using word categories

12、Using word network Using the Internet resources for more ideas,PP126-129,Review regularly. Guess meaning from context. Organize vocabulary effectively. Use a dictionary. Manage strategy use,V. Developing vocabulary learning strategies,Reference books:,Allen, V. F. Techniques in Teaching Vocabulary.

13、上海：上海外语教育出版社，2002,Nation, I. S. P. Teaching and Learning Vocabulary. 北京：外语教学与研究出版社， 2003,Homework,Please make a mini lesson plan about how to present new vocabulary in the passage for Task No. 7 on Page 126.,记忆英语单词方法20种,1.逻辑记忆：通过词本身内部逻辑关系，词与词之间的外部逻辑关系记忆单词。 1)把几个字母看作一个来记， 如：ight light, right, fight,

14、night, sight, tight 2)外旧内新，如：bridge “桥”看成 b+ridge ridge, “山脊”sharp 看成 s+harp “竖琴。 3)外新内旧，如：cleave “劈开”看成 c+leave, tact 机智：看成 t+act,2 联想记忆： 1)音与形的联想，即根据读音规则记忆单词。 2)形与义的联想。如：eye 把两个e看成两个眼；banana 把a看成一个个的香蕉；bird 把b和d看成两个翅膀。 3)象声词，联想实际的声音。如：gong 锣 coo 咕咕声。,3.构词记忆：利用构词法，通过分析词根、前缀、后缀、派生和合成等记忆单词。 4.分类记忆：把单

15、词进行分门类 如：动物，植物等，进行分类记忆。你可以找一本分类字典作为参考。 5.卡片记忆：自制作单词卡片随时随身进行记单词，卡片写上单词的词形、词性、词义、音标、搭配、例句等。,6.词典记忆：这是一种强行记忆的方法。它的缺点是容易忘记，只是孤立记住单词的意义。可以作为一种短时间的强化手段。 7.比较记忆：1)英汉比较 如：mama, cigar, beer, bar, fee等。 2)单复数的比较 如：good-goods, spirit-spirits wood-woods 3)同音词的比较 如：right-write, eye-I 4)词的阴阳性的比较 如：actor-actress h

16、ost-hostess,8.理解记忆：通过正确理解单词的本义、引申义和比喻义等如：second 是“秒”，它来源于古代的六分法，分，秒，它是二次划分， 因此second 也是“第二”，进一步引申，还可理解为“辅助”用这种方法特别适合那些一词多义的词。,9.联系记忆：记忆单词最好不要孤立地记，尽可能地和有关的东西联系来记。 1)联系所学的文章大概意义，联系上下文。 2)联系短语和搭配 10.感官记忆：记单词时，不要只用一种感官，尽可能地用多个感官，耳听、嘴读、手写、眼看、心记等。,11.软件记忆：利用电脑软件记单词。如：开心背单词、开天辟地背单词、我爱背单词等。 12.阅读记忆：通过阅读英语文章、小说等记忆单词，注意难度要适宜。 13.同义记忆：通过同义词记忆单词，可确切理解词义，这时不必注意它们意义的区别。,14.反义记忆：通过反义词记