21世纪实用英语综合教程2教学课件U8-B2（ppt课件）

1、Unit8,. Objectives,. Suggested Teaching Plan,. Background Information,. Class Presentation,Preview,Preview,This is the last unit of Book Two. In the Listening and Speaking section, you will learn how to ask for and give reasons. In the Reading and Writing section, you will read three passages about

2、science and technology. Text A was written at the turn of the 21st century and the writer predicted the top five scientific developments of the coming century. Text B concerns issues of safety that must be guaranteed when the frontier of science and technology is being pushed back. Practical Reading

3、 is a form that people need to fill out upon arrival in the U.S.,prev.,. Objectives,After studying this unit, the students are expected to be able to,Obj.,master the basic language and skills necessary to ask for and give reasons;,1.,understand the main ideas of Texts A and B, and master the useful

4、sentence structures and words and expressions found in the exercises relevant to the texts;,2.,3.,know how to use V-ing phrases, V-ed phrases and To V phrases as adverbials;,4.,know how to write an email;,6.,understand paragraph development (5).,5.,read a form that people need to fill out upon arriv

5、al in the U.S.,. Suggested Teaching Plan,Suggested Time and Teaching Plan for Unit 8,Time,Contents,Plan,1) The Language for Asking For and Giving Reasons,Give a brief lead-in talk on the nature and uses of asking for and giving reasons;,A.,s.t.p.1,The teacher begins with the Preview to make sure tha

6、t the students have a general idea of what this unit is all about. After that, the teacher activates listening and Speaking exercises as follows:,2 periods,Preview,Listening and Speaking,B.,Present the necessary language by doing Exercise 1;,C.,Ask one student to read aloud the talk so students can

7、check their completed answers;,D.,Organize an activity for Ex. 2 that will reinforce the useful language students picked up in Ex. 1.,Time,Contents,Plan,s.t.p.1.2,2) The Practice of Asking For and Giving Reasons,Go through the new words in the first conversation in Ex. 3;,A.,B.,Have the students lis

8、ten to the conversation twice and fill in the blanks with the missing words;,C.,Ask them to answer the questions about the conversation;,D.,Tell them to look for the language used to asking for and giving reasons;,Time,Contents,Plan,s.t.p.2,Ask the students to role-play the conversation;,Have them l

9、isten to the second conversation twice and complete the short passage accordingly;,F.,E.,Suggest they discuss each of their completed answers in order to gain a better understanding of the conversation;,G.,Now, have them listen to the conversation again and complete the form as the speaker recounts

10、it;,H.,Afterwards, have them check their responses by acting out the conversation;,I.,Time,Contents,Plan,s.t.p.3,3) Listening Practice,Before ending, the teacher tells the students to do Ex. 5-10 as their assignment to review the functional and notional language picked up in the Listening and Speaki

11、ng section. The teacher also tells them that they should be prepared to answer the questions in Exercise 9 and give an oral presentation in class when they next meet.,Organize a unique classroom activity for Ex. 4 that will reinforce the useful language students picked up earlier in the unit.,J.,3 p

12、eriods,Review of the listening and speaking skills the students have learned,The teacher begins with a review of the functional and notional language the students picked up in the previous classes. The teacher asks several students to answer the questions in Ex. 9 of the Listening and Speaking secti

13、on, and invites a few to share with their classmates their opinions on the topic “It is more important to raise questions than to answer them.” Then, the teacher turns to the Reading and Writing section. (These activities should be completed in 15 minutes.),s.t.p.4,Time,Contents,Plan,1) Starter,Afte

14、r a brief explanation of the instructions, the teacher,A.,gives the students a few minutes to think about the questions in the starter;,s.t.p.5,Time,Contents,Plan,B.,asks some students to answer the questions.,2) Text A,A.,The teacher,lets the students answer the text-related questions, helps them i

15、dentify the main idea of each paragraph, and analyzes some difficult sentences and some language,Text A ,s.t.p.9,Practical Writing,2) Practical Writing,The teacher explains to the students how to write an email by doing Ex.12 of Practical Writing, and then requires the students to do Ex.13 and Ex.14

16、 after class.,Time,Contents,Plan,s.t.p.10,2 periods,Text B, finally he stammered, “You mean youre not the flight instructor?”,CP-lp16,Listen to the following talk and fill in the blanks with the missing words. The talk is given twice.,In trying to explain the existence of the complicated body struct

17、ures we see in living things, a theory of evolution (进化) has been developed. While most scientists accept this theory, many people do not. They feel it what is written in the Bible (圣经). This theory is that all the plants and animals in the world today have developed in a natural way from earlier fo

18、rms that . These earlier forms developed from still simpler ancestors (祖先), and so on back through millions of years to the very beginning when life was , merely a tiny mass of jellylike (胶状的) protoplasm (原生质).,were simpler,_,in its simplest form,_,goes against,_,around us,_,8,In trying to prove tha

19、t evolution did take place, scientists depend on three chief “signs.” One of these is the study of fossil (化石) remains of animals and plants of . Some of these fossils seem to trace at work. Fossil remains of primitive (原始的) men that go back to a time 1,000,000 years ago. Fossils of certain crablike

20、 (似蟹的) animals nearly 500,000,000 years. These fossils show that fish developed in the waters of the earth before amphibians (两栖动物), amphibians before reptiles (爬行动物), , and so on. Scientists believe this proves life has progressed (211 words),the steps of evolution,CP-lp17,_,have been found,_,repti

21、les before birds,_,go back,_,past ages,_,from one form to another,_.,Why do complicated body structures exist according to scientists?,Because of evolution.,2. Why is the theory of evolution acceptable to most scientists?,Because it proves that all the plants and animals in the world today have deve

22、loped in a natural way from earlier forms that were simpler.,CP-lp18,Listen to the talk again and then answer the following questions orally.,9,3. Why do scientists study fossil remains?,Because they can prove that evolution did take place.,4. What do these fossils show?,That fish developed in the w

23、aters of the earth before amphibians, amphibians before reptiles, reptiles before birds, and so on.,5. What is the theory of evolution?,A theory that proves that life has progressed from one form to another.,CP-lp19,Explore a response to the statement given below.,CP-lp20,These expressions may help

24、your discussion:,10,Try this discussion:,CP-lp20,Student A: The world is a complex place. To understand it, we need to ask as many questions as possible. Even if they have no answers, we still have to ask. And to ask is to seek. The process brings growth. Student B: I get your point. What youre real

25、ly saying is that we need to explore in order to discover the truth. When you seek, you open up the possibility of discovery. That is what science is all about. Student C: But what about the classroom? Think about it. Instructors tend to raise questions. But they only want familiar answers. Students

26、 are passive, since theres no reward for initiative or originality.,CP-lp20,Student D: Lets change that, together. How about we constantly raise questions and wonder about their answers? We dont have to come to a conclusion about anything. Lets just not stay passive in the known. If we constantly se

27、arch, our minds will become more powerful.,RW list,Reading best 最重要的；最好的,Article1_popwin_title2,e.g.,Scientists have made a major breakthrough in the treatment of cancer. Breakthroughs in nuclear research have led to the development of nuclear bombs.,科学家在癌症治疗方面取得了重大突破。,核研究方面的突破导致了核弹的研发。,Language Poi

28、nts,breakthrough / : n. important development or discovery, esp. in scientific knowledge（尤指科学知识上的）重大进展(或发现)，突破,1) What will bring about more changes in the 21st century than in the 20th century?,Advances in science and technology.,Article1_popwin_Q,Question About This Paragraph,21世纪科学的五大突破 詹姆斯特雷菲尔 2

29、0世纪以令人目眩的速度成就了科学和技术的变革程度之剧超过了历史上任何一个世纪。但是21世纪这个新千年的开端完全可能经历由科技进步推动的更为剧烈的变革。,Chinese Version,Article1_popwin_T,technology /: n. (the study and knowledge of) the practical, esp. industrial, use of scientific discoveries 技术(学)，工艺(学)；工业技术,e.g.,Science and technology have caused major changes in the way

30、we live. Modern technology has opened our eyes to many things.,Article1_popwin_technology1,Language Points,科学技术使我们的生活方式发生了重大改变。,现代技术使我们了解了许多事物。,Article1_popwin_technology2,Language Points,technological /: a. of or referring to technology技术(学)的，工艺(学)的,e.g.,The steam engine was the greatest technologi

31、cal advance of the 19th century.,蒸汽机是19世纪最伟大的技术进步。,dizzy /: a. (of a person) feeling as if everything is spinning around; of or causing this feeling 头晕目眩的，眩晕的；使人眩晕的,Article1_popwin_dizzy,e.g.,If you feel dizzy or short of breath, stop exercising immediately. After another glass of whisky I began to

32、feel dizzy.,如果你感眩晕或气短，立即停止锻炼。,我又喝了一杯威士忌酒，便开始感到头晕目眩了。,Language Points,Article1_popwin_dizzy,dizzying: a. making sb. feel dizzy 令人眩晕的,e.g.,The view from the restaurant on the 80th floor is dizzying.,从80层高的饭店往下看令人眩晕。,Language Points,dawn: n. the beginning of a period of time or a situation 黎明；开端,Articl

33、e1_popwin_dawn,e.g.,Since the dawn of history, there have been many kinds of wars.,自有史以来，就发生了各种各样的战争。,Language Points,millennium /: n. period of 1,000 years 一千年，千年期,Article1_popwin_millennium,e.g.,Ten decades are a century, and ten centuries are a millennium. events which took place at the turn of t

34、he last millennium,十个十年是一个世纪，十个世纪是一千年。,上个千年交替时所发生的事件,Language Points,Article1_popwin_pace,pace /: n. speed 速度,e.g.,Realizing he was late, he quickened his pace towards the hotel. Many people are not satisfied with the pace of change.,他意识到自己迟到了，于是加快步伐向旅馆走去。,许多人都不满意变化的速度。,Language Points,Article1_popw

35、in_dramatic,dramatic /: a. very noticeable and surprising; exciting and impressive 引人注目的；激动人心的；给人深刻印象的,e.g.,Computers have brought dramatic changes to the workplace. Yao Mings excellent performance earned the Houston Rockets a dramatic victory yesterday.,计算机给工作场所带来了巨大的变化。,昨天姚明的出色表现为休斯敦火箭队赢得了一场激动人心的胜

36、利。,Language Points,drive: vt. provide the power or energy that makes someone or something work 为提供动力,Article1_popwin_drive,e.g.,The Industrial Revolution was driven by the development of steam power. He was driven by greed and ambition.,蒸汽动力的开发推动了工业革命。,他受贪欲和野心驱使。,Language Points,advance /: n. forwar

37、d movement; progress 前进；进步,Article1_popwin_advance,e.g.,Advances in medical science may make it possible for people to live for 150 years. The last 20 years have seen enormous advances in communications technology.,医学的进步可能会使人活150岁。,过去的20年见证了通信技术的巨大进步。,Language Points,greater than in any other centur

38、y in history: 这段文字修饰破折号前的changes。该修饰语一则因为太长，二则因为是作者补充说明上文的，所以放在被修饰的名词changes之后。,Article1_popwin_greater,Language Points,James Trefil / / 詹姆斯特雷菲尔（美国物理学家、作家，弗吉尼亚州乔治梅森大学物理学教授）,Article1_popwin_james,Language Points, may well see even more dramatic changes driven by advances in science and technology. 完全

39、可能经历由科技进步推动的更为剧烈的变革。 英语中, may well一起使用，常表示“有充分的理由可以，完全可能”。,Article1_popwin_N1,Notes on the Text,e.g.,What you say may well be true. That may well cause too dramatic a change.,你所说的完全可能是真的。,那很可能会引起过于剧烈的变化。,2) How does the writer arrange his predictions?,He arranges them in the order he thinks theyll h

40、appen.,Article2_popwin_Q,Questions About These Paragraphs,3) What is the writers first prediction?,Well know where we came from.,4) What is the writers first prediction based on?,On theories about the evolution of the universe and advances we have made in this field.,Chinese Version,在这几页里，我对未来100年里我

41、们将会见到的最重要的科学发展作了预测,并按照我认为它们会发生的先后顺序进行排列。 1. 我们将知道来自什么地方 宇宙为什么会存在？自20世纪20年代以来，科学家们已经了解到宇宙正在扩张，这就意味着宇宙一定是在过去某一特定的时候开始形成的。他们甚至已经提出种种理论详尽地描绘了宇宙从最初一直到现在的演变过程。,Article2_popwin_T,Article2_popwin_N1,On these pages are my predictions for the top scientific developments well see in the next 100 years, 在这几页里，我

42、对未来100年里我们将会见到的最重要的科学发展作了预测。 本句为倒装句，真正的主语为my predictions。课文中类似的倒装句还有第十段中的：And with that knowledge will come an increasing willingness to use it to manage the workings of our planet. 拥有了这些知识，人们将更乐意用它来管理我们这个星球的运行。,Notes on the Text,Article2_popwin_N2, scientists have known the universe is expanding, w

43、hich means it must have started at a definite time in the past. 科学家已经了解到宇宙正在扩张。这就意味着宇宙一定是在过去某一特定的时候开始形成的。 本句中，which引导一个非限制性定语从句，which指上文scientists have known the universe is expanding整个句子。,Notes on the Text,e.g.,I never met Bob again, which was a pity. He was a professor at Beijing University from 1

44、989 to 1999, after which he founded his own IT company.,我再也没有见到鲍勃，真是遗憾。,在1989到1999年期间，他是北京大学的教授，此后他创建了自己的信息技术公司。,prediction: n. a statement about what is going to happen 预言，预测,Article2_popwin_prediction,Language Points,e.g.,His prediction is no better than a wild guess. Many of his predictions are c

45、oming true.,他的预言不过是瞎猜而已。,他的预言有不少正在实现。,predict /: vt. say in advance that (sth.) will happen; forecast 预言；预测；预报,e.g.,The future is hard to predict. People have tried to predict the weather for thousands of years.,未来很难预测。,人们试图预测天气已有几千年了。,Article2_popwin_devel,development /: n. developing or being deve

46、loped 发展；发达；发育；成长,e.g.,The president wants the people to work hard for the economic development of the country. A good diet and lots of exercise are important to a childs healthy growth and development.,总统要人们为国家的经济发展努力工作。,合理的饮食和大量锻炼对孩子的健康成长和发育是重要的。,Language Points,Article2_popwin_universe,universe /

47、: n. (our) world, sun, moon, stars, etc. and all the space around them 宇宙,e.g.,We can never understand why the universe began. Is there intelligent life elsewhere in the universe?,我们永远都无法理解宇宙始于何因。,宇宙的其他地方有具有高度智慧的生命吗？,Language Points,Article2_popwin_exist,exist /: vi. be real or actual; have being; l

48、ive; keep living; continue to live 存在；生存；生活；继续生活,e.g.,Do you think ghosts really exist? Last week we heard about the poor conditions which exist in American prisons. Poor families in this city were barely able to exist during the winter.,你相信真的有鬼吗？,上星期我们听说了美国监狱里的糟糕情况。,这个城市里的穷苦家庭几乎无法在冬天里生存。,Language P

49、oints,Article2_popwin_theory,theory /: n. set of reasoned ideas intended to explain facts or events 理论；学说,e.g.,There have been a lot of theories about the meaning of dreams. To date there is no evidence to support this theory.,关于梦的含义有很多种理论。,到目前为止，还没有证据支持这种理论。,Language Points,Article2_popwin_detailed

50、,detailed: a. containing or including a lot of information or details 详细的,e.g.,For detailed information, please contact the admissions office.,欲知详情，请与招生办公室联系。,Language Points,Article2_popwin_evolution,evolution /: n. (scientific description of the) development of more complicated, organized forms of

51、 life from simpler forms over a long time 进化(论),e.g.,Charles Darwin, in his theory of evolution, stressed the role of competition.,查尔斯达尔文在他的进化论里强调了竞争的作用。,Language Points,Article3_popwin_Q,5) Why does the writer mention 19th century operas in his second prediction?,By talking about them, he wants to

52、remind or inform readers that human beings were not even able to cure tuberculosis in the 19th century.,Question About These Paragraphs,Article3_popwin_T,Chinese Version,在未来的几十年中，由功能异常强大的新型望远镜所带来的数据以及我们对物质在宇宙初期极度高温高压下表现状况的进一步了解都会使这些理论更加精确。 2我们将破译遗传密码并征服癌症 在19世纪的歌剧中，如果女主角在第一幕中咳嗽的话，观众便知道她将在第三幕中死于肺结核。但

53、是由于20世纪抗生素的出现，这一度无法医治的疾病现在只要服一些药片就可治愈了。,Article3_popwin_ decade,decade /: n. period of ten years 十年,e.g.,These advances in science and technology were predicted more than three decades ago.,早在三十几年前就有人预言了这些科技方面的进展。,Language Points,Article3_popwin_1920,1920s: 20世纪20年代。 注意英语中表达世纪和年代的方法。另如：1840s (19世纪40

54、年代)，1590s (16世纪90年代)， 1100s (12世纪初)。,Language Points,Article3_popwin_refine,refine /: vt. remove impurities from (sth.), purify; improve (sth.) by removing defects and attending to detail 提炼，精炼；提纯；使变得完善,e.g.,Oil must be refined before it can be used. Engineers are working on developing and refining

55、the car engines. This theory still needs a little refining.,石油必须提炼后才能用。,工程师们正致力于研发和改进汽车引擎。,这个理论还需要稍加完善。,Language Points,Article3_popwin_date,data /: n. known information or facts that can be used to find further information or facts, esp. when fed into and analyzed by a computer 资料；数据,e.g.,The space

56、craft has sent back new data about Jupiters atmosphere. The study was based on data from 2,000 college students.,宇宙飞船已经发回关于木星大气层的新资料。,这一研究基于来自2 000名大学生的数据。,Language Points,Article3_popwin_extraordinary,extraordinary /: a. beyond what is ordinary; very unusual; remarkable 不平常的，不普通的；非常的；特别的；非凡的,e.g.,H

57、es the most extraordinary man Ive ever met. The mans story was so extraordinary that I didnt know whether to believe him or not.,他是我所遇到达的最不寻常的人。,那人的故事如此非同一般，我不知道该不该相信他。,Language Points,Article3_popwin_powerful,powerful /: a. of or having great power 强有力的；强大的；大功率的,e.g.,Tom is a very powerful swimmer;

58、 he has powerful arms and legs. Do you really need a car with such a powerful engine?,汤姆是个很有力量的游泳运动员；他有着强有力的手臂和腿。,你真的需要一辆具有如此大功率引擎的汽车吗？,Language Points,Article3_popwin_behave,behave /: vi. act or conduct oneself in the specified way; (of machines, etc.) work or function 表现；（机器等）运转,e.g.,Her kids just

59、 dont know how to behave. Light is a form of energy that behaves in some ways like waves.,她的孩子不懂规矩。,光是一种能量，它的运动方式有些类似于波浪。,Language Points,Article3_popwin_ extremely,extremely: ad. to a very great degree 极其,e.g.,Earthquakes are extremely difficult to predict. Everyone in our team has worked extremely hard in the past month.,预测地震极为困难。,在过去一个月里，我们团队中的每一个人都工作得极其努力。,Language Points,Article3_popwin_extr