大学英语Unit5B.ppt

1、Unit 5 Lifelong Education,Passage B Returning to College,Experiencing English III,Unit Five,Review Background information New lesson Exercises Assignments,Contents,Plato （古希腊哲学家）,(428-347?B.C.) Greek philosopher. A follower of Socrates（苏格拉底）, he founded the Academy（柏拉图哲学、学园（柏拉图讲哲学的地方） (386 B.C.),whe

2、re he taught and wrote for much of the rest of his life. Plato presented his ideas in the form of dramatic dialogues, as in the Republic.,Background Information,Aristotle,(384-322 B.C.) Greek philosopher. A pupil of Plato, the tutor of Alexander the Great, and the author of works on logic, metaphysi

3、cs（形而上学、玄学）, ethics, natural sciences, politics, and poetics, he profoundly influenced Western thought. In his philosophical system theory follows empirical（经验主义的） observation and logic, based on the syllogism（三段论法，演绎推理）, is the essential method of rational（推理的，理性的） inquiry（探究）.,David Hume （休谟苏格兰哲学家

4、及历史学家）,(1711-1776) British philosopher and historian who argued that human knowledge arises only from sense experience. His works include A Treatise（论文） of Human Nature(1739-1740) and Political Discourses（论述、论说） (1752),Humes Philosophy,Humes basic belief was that Man is incapable of knowing anything

5、 for certain. We believe, we do not know, that the sun will rise tomorrow morning. We simply assume this because it has risen every other morning. Hume carried Kants beliefs to their logical conclusion.,Baruch Spinoza （斯宾诺莎荷兰哲学家）,(1632-1677) Dutch（荷兰的） philosopher and theologian（神学家） whose controver

6、sial（争论的，引起争论的） pantheistic（崇拜一切神道的） doctrine advocated（拥护，提倡） an intellectual（理智的） love God. His best-known work is Ethics(1677).,John Locke （洛克英国哲学家）,(1632-1704) English philosopher. In An Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1690) he set out the principles of empiricism（经验论）, and his Two Treatie

7、s on Government (1690) influenced the Declaration of Independence.,John Dewey（杜威美国教育家及哲学家）,(1859-1952) American philosopher and educator who was a leading exponent（倡导者、代表者、 拥护者） of philosophical pragmatism（实 用主义） and rejected traditional methods of teaching by rote（死记硬背）, in favor of a broad-based s

8、ystem of practical experience.,George Gordon Byron（乔治戈登拜伦-英国杰出的浪漫主义诗人）,(1788-1824) was as famous in his lifetime for his personality cult （礼拜，狂热的崇拜）as for his poetry. Byrons influence on European poetry, music, novel, opera, and painting has been immense（巨大的）, although the poet was widely condemned（

9、谴责） on moral grounds by his contemporaries. His works include Childe Harold s Pilgrimage（恰尔德哈罗德游记）, and Don Juan（长篇叙事诗唐璜）.,Outline:,Part I (1-2) My plan of returning to college. Part II (3-5) College students attitude towards college education. Part III (6-11) Courses Id like to study in college.,Ne

10、w Lesson,Part One: My plan of returning to college,Fill in the blanks: I didnt finish my college because I was _ into the Army at the end of my _ year. After four years in the _, I had no _ to return to finish college because I thought I knew _.,drafted,junior,service,inclination,everything,Now I fi

11、nd I dont know everything, so I want to spend some time _. I wouldnt want to _ where I _. Id like to start _ again as a _. It is not just the _ that appeals to me. It is _ that looks extraordinarily _.,learning,pick up,left off,all over,freshman,education,college life,pleasant,Related words:,大专生 jun

12、ior college student 本科生 undergraduate 大一生 freshman 大二生 sophomore 大三生 junior 大四生 senior 研究生 post graduate (graduate student),Para. 3: College yearthe best part of life,Having responsibility to no one but themselves;,Many ready-made friends;,Teachers trying to help them;,Families at home waiting for t

13、hem to return for Christmas to tell all about their triumphs;,Three ready-made meals a day.,Part Two: College students attitude towards college education,Para. 4-5:Opinion Poll: College Life,Half the teachers are idiots.,Agree.,It stinks.,Agree.,There arent any nice girls/boys around.,College life i

14、s idyllic.,Being anxious to acquire knowledge to make a buck.,Knowledge can be a joy, independent of anything you do with it.,Id like to take in college.,Reasons:,philosophy,I like the thinking process.,I like philosophers.,Id like to take a course in which I had to read great thinkers.,Part Three:

15、Courses Id like to study in college,Id like to take in college.,calculus,Reasons:,Id like to find out what is going on in mathematics.,I wont have to worry about marks.,Id like to take in college.,English literature,Reasons:,Id like to be forced by a good professor to read some literary classics.,Id

16、 like to take over a course featured George Gordon Byron.,Id like to have a few easy courses.,Id like to take in college.,history courses,Reasons:,Id like to be refreshed about the broad outline of history.,Id like to be able to associate time with some names and events and get some conversational c

17、onceit.,Id like to take in college.,English grammar and usage,Reasons:,Though I know a lot about using the language, there are times when Im stumped .,In this passage, the writer praises the idea of education for educations sake and regrets the fact that most college students, motivated only by the

18、idea of future professional success, do not realize what a wonderful opportunity they are missing.,Summary,The author himself would like to go right back to be a freshman and study philosophy, calculus, literature, history and grammar . He does recognize that if he were studying for the knowledge an

19、d not for earning grades, education would probably become less stressful and more fun.,Summary,In this passage, the writer praises the idea of _ and regrets the fact that most college students, motivated only by the idea of _, do not realize what a _ they are missing. The author himself would like t

20、o go right back to be a _ and study _ . He does recognize that if he were studying for _ and not for _, education would probably become _.,education for educations sake,future professional success,wonderful opportunity,freshman,the knowledge,earning grades,less stressful and more fun,philosophy, cal

21、culus, literature, history and grammar,In this passage, the writer praises the idea of _ and regrets the fact that most college students, motivated only by the idea of _, do not realize what a _ they are missing. The author himself would like to go right back to be a _ and study _ . He does recogniz

22、e that if he were studying for _ and not for _, education would probably become _.,education for educations sake,future professional success,wonderful opportunity,freshman,the knowledge,earning grades,less stressful and more fun,philosophy, calculus, literature, history and grammar,Exercises,Assignm

23、ents,Remember all the new words. Do all the exercises. 3. Preview the new lesson.,Unit 5,Experiencing English III,Famous quotations by Plato:,A hero is born among a hundred, a wise man is found among a thousand, but an accomplished one might not be found even among a hundred thousand men. All men ar

24、e by nature equal, made all of the same earth by one Workman; and however we deceive ourselves, as dear unto God is the poor peasant as the mighty prince. Good people do not need laws to tell them to act responsibly, while bad people will find a way around the laws.,Famous quotations by Plato:,We ca

25、n easily forgive a child who is afraid of the dark; the real tragedy of life is when men are afraid of the light. Wise men speak because they have something to say; Fools because they have to say something. Courage is knowing what not to fear.,Aristotles Ethics,Aristotle conceives of ethical theory

26、as a field distinct from the theoretical sciences. Its methodology must match its subject mattergood actionand must respect the fact that in this field many generalizations hold only for the most part. We study ethics in order to improve our lives, and therefore its principal concern is the nature of human well-being. Aristotle follows Socrates and Plato in taking the virtues to be central to a well-lived life. Like Plato, he regards the ethical virtues (justice, courage, temperance and so on)