grammer3虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法ppt课件

1、过去时(were),would/could/should/might +v. (原),虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。,过去完成时,would/could/should/might + have + p.p.,1. 过去时 2. should + v. 3. were to do,would/could/ should/ might + v. (原),A: I wonder why Fred works so hard. B: I dont know. He must like his job. A: If he didnt like his job, he wouldnt work so h

2、ard.,A: Why dont our grandchildren visit us more often? B: They dont have enough time. If they had more time, theyd visit us more often.,A: Do you enjoy driving a school bus? B: Not really. I wish I drove a taxi.,A: Can Jonathan dance? B: No, he cant, but he wishes he could. If he could dance, hed g

3、o dancing every night.,1. 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中 (1) 表示与现在事实相反的假设, 条件 状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式(be 动词的过去式用were)”, 而主句中的谓语动词“would / should/ could / might + 动词原形”。,虚拟语气,If I were a boy, I would join the army.,What would you do if you won the lottery? If I won the lottery, I would,If I won the lottery, I would buy an ex

4、pensive car.,If I had a lot of money, I would buy a villa.,If I had a lot of money now, I would travel around the world.,If I had a lot of money, I would go shopping.,a. If they _ (be) here, they _ (take) your advice. b. If the world-war _ (burst) out again, what _ (happen) to our people on earth?,w

5、ere,would take,burst,would happen,c. If the policeman _ (be not) in that room, it _ (be) very dangerous. d. If I _ (be) in your position, I _ (ask) for teachers help.,were not,could be,were,would ask,Choose one of the topics and discuss it in groups.,1. You had a dream that you were a teacher. What

6、would you do if you were a teacher? 2. Suppose you won a lot of money. What would you do with the money?,If I _ a teacher, I ,were,(2). 与过去的事实相反,从句的谓语用had 过去分词, 构成If I (we, you, he, they)had过去分词的形式； 主句的谓语用should(第一人称)/would (第二、三人称) / could / might have 动词过去分词。,If he _ more carefully, he _ the car a

7、ccident yesterday.,had driven,would not have had,If I _ how to swim,I _ trapped in this island.,had learnt,would not have been,a. If Tom _ (be) more careful in the exam, he _ (pass) it already. b. If you _ (get) up earlier, you _ (catch) the first train.,had been,would have passed,had got,would have

8、 caught,c. If I _ (meet) you yesterday, we _ (go) to the concert together.,had met,would have gone,Solve problems,The students failed the English exam. Could you give him some suggestions? One of your friend got HN1 last year. He suffered a lot. What could you do help him?,(3). 与将来事实相反,从句的谓语用If I (w

9、e, you, he, they) 动词过去式或 were to do 或should do 形式, 主句谓语用should(第一人称) /would (第二、三人称) /could/ might 动词原形。,If you succeeded, everything would be all right. If you should succeed, everything would be all right. If you were to succeed, everything would be all right.,If he got up early,he would be on tim

10、e.,假如他来了, 我们对他说什么呢？,If he were to come, what should we say to him.,假如他看见我, 就会认识我。,If he should see me, he would know me.,a. If there _ (be) no natural resource any more, we _ (make) use of nuclear power. b. What _ (happen) if you _ (get up) too late tomorrow?,should be,should make,would happen,shoul

11、d get up,c. If Robots _ (control) the world some day, here _ (be) no friendship.,were to control,would be,主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间, 这时主从句位于动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同, 这叫做混合条件句。 例句中从句与过去事实相反, 主句与现在事实相反。 If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.,If the staff had been more careful,the mall would no

12、t be on fire now.,二. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法,1. 在动词wish后的宾语从句中, 表示与现在或过去的事实相反, 或对将来的主观愿望, 从句通常省略连词that。,1) 表示对现在情况的虚拟: 从句动词用过去式或过去进行式 (be动词一般用were) 。,I wish I were as tall as you.,I wish I were a bird.,I wish every day were my birthday.,I wish/wished I hadnt eaten so much watermelon.,(2) 表示对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词常用“had

13、过去分词”。,The party was terrible, I wish I had never gone to it.,(3) 表示对将来的主观愿望: 从句动词形式为 “ would动词原形”。,注意: 主句的主语与从句的主语不能相同, 因为主句的主语所期望的从句动作能否实现，取决于从句主语的态度或意愿(非动物名词除外)。 但愿你立刻来。 I wish you would come soon.,I wish it would rain tomorrow.,2. 表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。,常见动词： 一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。即: insist 2. order, co

14、mmand 3. advise, suggest, propose 4. demand, require, request, desire,这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语 气。即从句中的动词使用should + 动词 原形，或者将should省略。,e.g. 我们建议Tom 去休息一下。 他坚决要求我到场。,We suggested that Tom (should) have a rest.,He insisted that I (should) be present.,The king ordered that the prisoners (should) be killed the

15、next day.,They requested that we (should) send them to work there.,国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。 他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。,Its suggested that the plan be carried out. My demand is that she should come to see me once a week. All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.,insist / suggest 不接虚拟的用

16、法,1. She insisted that she was right. 她坚持认为自己是对的。（坚持事实） 2. His uncle insists that he should not stay in the hotel. 他的叔叔坚持要求他不要待在旅馆里。,2. The look on his face suggested that he was unhappy. I suggested that the teachers wages (should) be increased.,3. Its (about/high) time + (that),should +v.,过去时,你该走了

17、。,我们该去睡觉了。,Its time that you went. Its time that you should go.,Its time that we went to bed. Its time that we should go to bed.,(should不可省略),as if/as though,由as if (as though) 或even though (even though) 引导的状语从句表示比较或方式时, 从句谓语形式为动词的过去式 (be用were) 或 “had过去分词”。,He behaves as if he owned the house.,(But

18、he doesnt own it or probably doesnt own it or we dont know whether he owns it or not.),She talks about Rome as though she had been there herself.,他那样对待我, 好像我是陌生人似的。,He treats me as if I were a stranger.,注意: 如果表示的事情可能会发生, 那么方式状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。,Even if she were here, she could not solve the problem.,4. would rather (that),现在： 过去： 将来：,I would rather you paid me now.,I would rather you had gone, too.,Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow.,过去时,过去时,过去完成时,6. If only 要是就好了 If only I knew his name! If only we