unit8-stressed-syllables.ppt

1、,Unit 8 Stressed Syllables English words may have one, two, three or even more syllables, and the stress position varies. English is a stress-timed language; Chinese is a syllable-timed language.,Stress,Word stress: stressed syllable Sentence stress,1. What is a syllable?,A minimal word part and the

2、 basic unit of English rhythm. An English word may have one, two, three or even more syllables. Vowels are the cores of syllables. drive driveway drive him away,Monosyllabic words (单音节词)： act cry want child Disyllabic words(双音节词)： cor-rect ac-tive for-get de-gree ac-tor Trisyllabic words (三音节词)： oc-

3、to-ber ac-ci-dent ra-di-o I-ta-lian po-ta-to Polysyllabic words(多音节词)： dis-co-ve-ry ac-ti-vi-ty ag-ri-cul-ture va-ca-bu-la-ry Page 87 Exercise-Listening,2. Word Stress ( stressed syllables),2.1 What is a stressed syllable? A word stress means a prominent syllable, which receives strong emphasis and

4、sounds much louder than the other syllables.,How do you say teacher?,2.2 How to pronounce word stress?,When a syllable is stressed, it is pronounced longer in duration higher in pitch louder in volume lesson begin political democratic,2.3 Three degrees of stress,operation Primary stress Secondary st

5、ress Zero stress graduation entertainment alphabetical electricity university personality Page 83 Exercise-Listening,3. Word stress rules,3.1 Monosyllabic words (单音节词) go know see cake fair,3.2 Disyllabic words (双音节词),3.2.1 Disyllabic nouns 双音节名词 1. river bookcase sister paper student parent 2. hote

6、l machine balloon garage polite July,3.2 Disyllabic words (双音节词),3.2.1 Disyllabic nouns 双音节名词 Disyllabic nouns normally have a stress on the first syllable. river sister paper student parent Some disyllabic nouns have a stress on the second syllable owing to their foreign origin. hotel machine ballo

7、on garage polite July,3.2.2 Disyllabic verbs (双音节动词) release admit arrange commit begin forget compose,3.2.2 Disyllabic verbs (双音节动词) Disyllabic verbs normally have the stress on the second syllable. release admit arrange commit begin forget compose,3.2.3 stress shift (重音转移),Some disyllabic nouns an

8、d verbs are spelled alike ,but are pronounced differently, the stress falls on different syllables. noun verb conduct conduct import import present present record record export export digest digest protest protest,When two disyllabic noun and verb are spelled alike ,the noun normally has the stress

9、on the first syllable;the verb normally has the stress on the second syllable.,noun verb conduct conduct import import present present record record export export digest digest protest protest,3.2.4 Vowel changes (元音变化）,noun verb e export export present present o conduct conduct contrast contrast,3.

10、2.4 Vowel changes (元音变化）,noun verb e /e/ /i/ export export present present o / / conduct conduct contrast contrast,A stressed syllable may contain any one of the vowel sounds except /.,Any English vowel letter can be pronounced with the schwa / when it is in an unstressed syllable. allow a firemene

11、possiblei / commando supportu Page 84 Listening Page 90 -Speaking,3.3 Polysyllabic words(多音节词）,international impossibility anniversary university biological nationality,3.3 Polysyllabic words(多音节词）,Polysyllabic words normally have the primary stress on the third syllable from counting backwards, and

12、 the secondary stress on the second syllable before the primary stressed syllable. international impossibility anniversary university biological nationality,3.4 Compound words(复合词）,1）compound words (普通复合词): blackboard bus driver bedroom baseball homework drugstore sports wear mailbox 2) compound pro

13、per words (复合专有名词): United States New York Hyde Park Atlantic Ocean,4. Compound words(复合词）,1）compound words (普通复合词): Normally compound words have a primary stress on the first syllable . Bedroom baseball homework drugstore sports wear mailbox Exercise on page 85-speaking 2) compound proper words (复合

14、专有名词): Normally compound proper words have a primary stress on the second element. United States New York Hyde Park Atlantic Ocean Exercise on page 86listening Exercise on page 89listening,Tips,Some words may not follow basic stress rules, the best way to identify a word stress position is to refer

15、to the dictionary . Please help each other to monitor and correct the wrong pronunciation.,Stress exercise,August lesson harmful river helpful July begin balloon forget compose pronunciation occupation operation education politics political politician democrat democracy democratic,Stress exercise,Au

16、gust lesson harmful river helpful July begin balloon forget compose prounciation occupation operation education politics political politician democrat democracy democratic,Stress exercise,uncomfortable pronunciation indescribable transmission unsatisfied shyness habitation dynamic substantial librar

17、ian reconsider candidate furniture principle energy economy discrimination musician phonetic historical impatient courageous simplify beautify horrible childish assistant simplicity responsibility,Stress exercise,uncomfortable pronunciation indescribable transmission unsatisfied shyness habitation d

18、ynamic substantial librarian reconsider candidate furniture principle energy economy discrimination musician phonetic historical impatient courageous simplify beautify horrible childish assistant simplicity responsibility,Stress exercise,television favorite determination efficiency Autobiographical autobiography fortunate invitation individual disagreeing appropriate experience diameter similarity longevity vocab