新编英语教程6修订版(李观仪)Unit2教案

1、Unit 2 The Fine Art of Putting Things OffPre-classWorkII. Dictionary Work1. cool ones heels: be forced to wait; be kept waiting2. attest to: (v.) testify to; serve as an evidence to affirm/ to be proof of证实,证明3. apocalyptic: (adj.) foreboding imminent disaster or final doom预示灾难或最后毁灭的4. proconsul: (n

2、.) an administrator in a colony usually with wide powers地方总督5. ruminate: (v.) go over in the mind repeatedly and often slowly反刍,沉思6. nattering: (adj.) chattering; hence, noisyrel. natter: chatter; to talk for a long time, especially about unimportant things唠叨；闲聊7. echelon: (n.) rank, level等级，阶层e.g.

3、a job in the lower echelon of the corporation一份公司底层工作8. fortify: (v.) encourage; support鼓励；支持e.g. Faith fortified us during our crisis.在关键时刻信念使我们变得坚强。fortify could also mean to strengthen, to reinforce, etc.9. reappraisal: (n.) re-evaluation10. academe: (n.) the academic community; academics学术界；学术11

4、. shrink: (slang) (n.) psychoanalyst or psychiatrist心理分析学者或神经科医生12. subliminal: (adj.) existing or functioning outside the area of conscious awareness潜意识的13. truism: (n.) an undoubted or self-evident truth不言而喻的道理；自明之理14. mellow and marinate: (v.) to mellow is to become ripe or fully developed, and t

5、he marinate is to steep (浸,泡) (meat, fish) in a savory sauce to enrich its flavor; here, ripen and mature成熟及完善III. Library Work1.ChesterfieldPhilip Dormer Stanhope, 4th Earl (伯爵) of Chesterfield , (1694-1773), English statesman, orator and author. His literary reputation rests upon his letters to hi

6、s illegitimate son (私生子), Philip Stanhope, who was born in Holland in 1732. The letters, filled with wit and worldly wisdom, were published under the titleLetters to His SonandLetters to His Godson(1774). Chesterfields fame as a man of letters rests upon a series of letters, published after his deat

7、h, that give a faithful account of the manners and customs of aristocratic society in 18th-century England, written in a graceful and witty style.My object is to have you fit to life; which, if you are not, I do not desire that you should live at all. So wrote Lord Chesterfield in one of the most ce

8、lebrated and controversial correspondences between a father and his son.Chesterfieldwrote almost daily to his natural son, Philip, from 1737 onwards, providing him with instruction in etiquette and the worldly arts. Praised in their day as a complete manual of education, and despised by Samuel Johns

9、on for teaching the morals of a whore and the manners of a dancing master, these letters reflect the political craft of a leading statesman, and the urbane wit of a man who associated with Pope, Addison, and Swift. The letters revealChesterfields political cynicism and his belief that his country ha

10、d always been governed by the only two or three people, out of two or three millions, totally incapable of governing, as well as his views on good breeding. Not originally intended for publication, this entertaining correspondence illuminates fascinating aspects of eighteenth-century life and manner

11、s.2. Samuel Johnson (1709-1784), English writer and lexicographer, a major figure in 18th-century literature as an arbiter of taste, renowned for the force and balance of his prose style. Nicknamed both Dictionary Johnson and the Great Cham of Literature (Chamis an archaic word meaning Khan可汗), John

12、son compiled and wrote theDictionary of the English Language,published in 1755.He wasusually referred to asDr. Johnsonby his contemporaries and later generations.He was equally celebrated for his brilliant and witty conversation. His rather gross appearance and manners were viewed tolerantly, if not

13、 with a certain admiration. The son of a bookseller, Johnson excelled at school in spite of illness and poverty. He enteredOxfordin 1728 but was forced to leave after a year for lack of funds. He sustained himself as a bookseller and schoolmaster for the next six years, during which he continued his

14、 wide reading and published some translations. Johnson settled inLondonin 1737 and began his literary career in earnest. His poem “London,” published anonymously in 1738, was praised by Pope and won Johnson recognition in literary circles. Johnsons first work of lasting importance, and the one that

15、permanently established his reputation in his own time, was hisDictionary of the English Language(1755), the first comprehensive lexicographical work on English ever undertaken. Dr. Johnson, as he is universally known, wasEnglands first full-dress man of letters（学者）, and his mind and personality hel

16、ped to create the traditions that have guided English taste and criticism.StructureSection I(paragraph 1)The theme: Procrastination is not always a non-recommendable practice.Section II(paragraph 2-8)Grounds of argument:Delayers and do-it-nowers (paragraph 2)Delay can inspire and revive a creative s

17、oul in many fields (paragraph 3-8)3) in the process of making fictions4) in the field of military, diplomacy and law5) in the higher rank of business6) in decision making7) in universities8) among many people , especially womenSection III(paragraph 9)Conclusion:What you dont necessarily have to do t

18、oday, by all means put off till tomorrow.课文译文 第二单元 推迟的艺术今天能做的事情决不要推到明天。”切斯特菲尔德伯爵在1749年写给儿子的信中如此劝告道。然而这位文雅的伯爵却从没有抽出时间来完成与孩子母亲的婚礼，也没有戒除让约翰逊博士此类名人在接待室久候的坏习惯，这足以证明，即使是有心人，也绝非毫无拖延，罗马的一位大将军昆塔斯费边马克西姆斯为了赢得尽可能多的喘息机会，推迟战斗时间，结果被冠以“拖延者”的花名。摩西为了使自己向法老传递耶和华法令过程中的犹豫合理化，颓唐语言有缺陷。当然，哈姆雷特则把拖延升华成了一种艺术形式。 世界上的人基本上可以分成均匀

19、的两半：拖延者和马上行动者。有些人二月份就准备好了个人所得税、预先偿还了抵押借款、或在常人难以忍受的6点半钟准时吃饭。而另外一些人则乐于在9点或10点钟时吃些剩菜剩饭、错放帐单和文件以期延长缴税的期限。他们非要等到警告声变成恐吓声才肯去支付信用卡的帐单。就象浮士德所遭遇的那样，他们推迟上理发店、看牙医或看医生。尽管延误会带来诸多不便，但延迟经常可以激发和唤醒具有创新意识的灵魂。写下许多成功小说和剧本的作家琼克尔说到，她要把厨房每个汤罐头和酱瓶子上的标签看上一遍后，才能安心坐在打字机旁。许多作家都关注着他们任务之外的大小琐事，譬如关注在缅因州法国人海湾和巴尔海港进行的海岸和土地测量，其中的地名，

20、如古今斯暗礁、不伦特池塘、海鸥小山、伯恩特豪猪、朗豪猪、希波豪猪以及鲍尔德豪猪岛，都激起了他们的想象。从“拖延者”年代到当今世纪，推迟的艺术实际上被军事（“赶快和等一下”）、外交和法律垄断了。在过去的年代里，英国殖民地总督可以手中拿着杯酒，安逸的思考民族叛乱的形势，他应该庆幸没有电传和打印机在一旁喋喋不休地传递着命令，一会儿是增加机关枪啊一会儿又是增派军队啊。直到二战时，美国将军还可以和敌方将军达成协议，休一天运动假，去掠夺村民的鸡和酒，明日再战。律师是世界上最上瘾的延误者。据一个来自贝弗利山的，号称从不拖延的推销员弗兰克.内森叙说，“没有留下遗嘱就去世的律师数不胜数。”无志者，事也成。当然，

21、慢性拖延和刻意拖延是有差别的，特别是在高层商业中。美国银行集团总裁理查德曼德巴赫说，企业动态学鼓励谨慎行事，由此滋生了延迟。他提到，快速行动往往会进入尴尬的局面和付出沉重的代价，数据爆炸刺激了一些懒惰的人以此为借口另一个报告等着读，另一个权威等着咨询。曼德巴赫说：“数据的充足和泛滥之间总有条微妙的分界线。” 他的观点广为接受。官僚化在政府负担日益加重和社会形势的日益复杂的温室中滋长。它旨在用条文主义、妥协和重新评估来包庇政策制定者以此防止做出草率决定。水门事件时期的政府所表现出来的中央集权化已经蔓延至经济机构等等广阔的领域，使得拖延成为世界范围的一种生活方式。有关推迟的短语星罗棋布在各种语言中

22、从西班牙的manana（在将来某个不确定时间）到阿拉伯的bukrafil mishimash(字面意思是“明天的杏树”，其含义大致是“等到花儿也开了”。) 学术界也很尊崇拖延。南加利福尼亚大学社会学家伯纳德*斯克拉每天辛辛苦苦才写出三至五页的东西来。他坦称：“我很多朋友对着白纸是都感到很痛苦。我们有很多合理的理由;教学压力，家庭责任，查看新书，搜索注脚。” 心理学家坚决认为女人是最坚持不懈的迟延者，虽然很多心理学家（每小时收费50美金以上）本人就非常拖拉。拉尔夫格林森博士是加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校的临床精神病疗法的教授（他曾是玛丽莲梦露的精神病医师），看待延迟时比较温和。他说：“对很多人来说，

23、去做事、面对各种事务本事就是一个决定性的时刻。所有对此心怀恐惧的人们都采取了回避、逃避、拖延的态度，直到最迟的极限为止。”但是佐治亚州心理学家乔恩费根认为，迟延是潜意识用来区分事情重要性级别的一种方式。“当我拖延时，一般总是存在着某种缘由。”费根说，“我能感觉到它，但是我也说不出个所以然来。” 事实上，迟延有着悠久而光荣的历史，它意味着如果推迟些许时间，许多主意和决定就有可能得到改善。推迟做决定本身就是一个决定，这不无道理。议会过程的实质就是一个迟延和慎重的体系。就此而论，名画，乐章，书籍或者布兰西姆府邸的建筑物也是如此。布兰西姆府邸耗用了马尔伯勒公爵的建筑师及工人们15年的时间才建成。在这个过程中，设计可能不断成熟及完善。确实，仓促会葬送了雅致。石之剑的作者TH怀特曾写道，时间“并不是注定要一小时一小时，或者一天一天的耗费掉，而是应该细腻地、缓慢地、从容地品尝一番。”换句话说，我们应该这样说：今天不必要做的事，无论如何要推到明天来完成。Workbook Unit 2 Translation (P21)1. 富兰克林在他的自传里