五种基本句型及练习（xb整理）.ppt

1、英语五种基本句型及巩固练习,一、句子的分类： 按照句子的结构来分，英语的句子有以下三种类型： 简单、并列、复合。 1、简单句只有一套主谓结构（可以有并列主语或并列谓语）。如： I go to school at seven . He put on his coat and went out.,2、并列句有两套主谓结构，由并列连词and，or，but或分号“；”把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起。如： This is apple juice and thats lemonade. The first one is bigger; the second one is longer.,3、复合句有两套

2、主谓结构，含有一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句。如：If we want to keep fit , we must do more exercise. The man who is selling vegetables is our neighber.,二、简单句的五种基本句型： 1、主语+连系动词+表语 She is beautiful. Our country becomes stronger and stronger.,2、主语+谓语（不及物动词 ） She cries. The sun rises in the east. 3、主语+谓语（及物动词或短语）+宾语 I love you.

3、 He speaks English. 4、主语+谓语（及物动词）+间接宾语+直接宾语 He gave me a book. Mr. Wang teaches us chemistry. 5、主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语+宾语补足语 He made me laugh. Mr Lee told her to clean the blackboard.,三、基本句型分析,英语基本句型-1主系表结构 主要用以说明主 语的特征，类属，状态，身份等。常用的系动词有: 1.表示特征和存在状态的 be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound 2.表示状态

4、延续的 remain, stay, keep, continue, stand 3.表示状态变化的 become, get, turn, go, fall, grow,Examples：,The cake tastes delicious.,The potatoes went bad in the fields.,Deep water stays still. （静水必深）,翻译练习：(主系表结构） 1今天天晴。 2十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。 3孩子们很少保持安静。,Its sunny today.,At the age of fifteen, he became a famous pia

5、nist.,Children seldom keep quiet.,4他失业了。 5树叶已经变黄了。 6这个报告听起来很有意思。,He is out of work.,The leaves have turned yellow.,The report sounds interesting.,英语基本句型-2主谓结构 本结构是由“主语+不及物动词”构成, 常用来表示主语的动作行为。 如：The sun rises. Tom has already left. 主语可有定语修饰，谓语可有状语修饰。,如: 1. The red sun rises in the east. 2. The young

6、man had to travel by boat. 3. She sat under a tree, reading a novel.,1她昨天很晚才到。,She arrived very late yesterday evening.,2她开心地笑了。,She laughed happily.,3. 五年前我住在北京。,I lived in Beijing five years ago.,英语基本句型-3主谓宾结构,本结构是由“主语+谓语动词+宾语”构成。,如： 1. I have an apple. 2.Tom made a hole in the wall. 3. I dont kno

7、w him. 4. Mother promises to give me a present.,1昨晚我写了一封信。,I wrote a letter last night.,2这本书他读过多次了。,He has read this book many times.,3他们完成了计划。,They have carried out the plan.,Do you mind my opening the window?,翻译练习：（主谓宾结构）,4我开窗户你在意吗？,英语基本句型-4 双宾语结构 说明：此结构由“主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（物）”组成。如： He brings

8、me cookies every day. She made me a beautiful dress.,1Johnson 先生去年教我们德语。,Mr Johnson taught us German last year.,2请把那本字典递给我好吗？,Would you please pass me the dictionary?,3我替你叫辆出租汽车好吗？,Shall I call you a taxi?,翻译练习：（主谓双宾结构）,英语基本句型-5 复合宾语结构 此结构由“主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语” 构成。 The sun keeps us warm. I heard him si

9、nging. You must get your hair cut.,翻译练习：（主谓宾宾补结构） 1我们叫她Alice. 2我们大家都认为他是诚实的。 3. 他每个月理一次发。 4我们不会让她在晚上外出的。,We call her Alice.,All of us considered him honest.,He has his hair cut once a month.,We wont let her go out at night.,英语基本句型-6 There be 句型 说明： 此句型是由“there+be+主语+状语”构成，用以表达存在、“有”。 there 仅为引导词，并无实际语意。 There is a book on the desk. 此句型有时不用be动词，而用 live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist, arrive等。如： There stands a hill in the middle of the park. Once upon a time there lived an old king in the town.,翻译练习：(there be 句型） 1这个村子过去有一口井。 2灯亮着，办公室里肯定有人。 3公共汽车来了。