大学英语语法--状语从句-课件.ppt

1、the Adverbial 状语,句子+引导词作状语。 修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。,the Adverbial Clauses 状语从句,九种状从,时间状语从句 地点状语从句 原因状语从句 条件状语从句 让步状语从句 结果状语从句 目的状语从句 方式状语从句 比较状语从句,While I was walking along the street, I found many beatiful buildings ( ) 2. Where there is a will, there is a way. ( ) 3. Now that/Since e

2、verybody is here, lets begin our meeting. （ ） 4. Ill speak slowly so that you can understand me. ( ) 5. So clever was he that he was able to work out all the difficult problems. ( ),时间,地点,原因,目的,结果,状语从句的分类,6. As long as you dont lose heart, youll succeed. ( ) 7. Try as he might, he could not find a j

3、ob. ( ) 8. The old lady treats the boy as if he were his own son. ( ) 9.He is taller than I am.( ),状语从句的分类,条件,让步,方式,比较,九种常用的状语从句及其常用的连接词,时间状语从句,when, while, as, before, after, since, once ,by the time , till, until, notuntil, the first/second/last time, as soon as, the moment, the minute, the instan

4、t, immediately, directly, instantly, hardlywhen, scarcelywhen, no soonerthan , every time, each time,where, wherever,because, since, as, for, now that(既然）, in that（因为）,if, unless, as(so) long as, on condition that, 要)等。如：,地点状语从句,原因状语从句,条件状语从句,九种常用的状语从句及其常用的连接词,结果状语从句,so that, sothat, suchthat,so tha

5、t, in order that, in case,as, as if/as though,than, asas, not so/asas, the +比较级, the +比较级,目的状语从句,方式状语从句,比较状语从句,让步状语从句,although, though, as, even though/even if, while(虽然）, no matter +which/what/when/where/who/how, whichever, wherever, whatever, whoever, whenever, however, whetheror；,1. Child as she

6、is, she knows a lot of things. 2. The more I can do for the class, the happier Ill be. 3. He talks as if (as though) he knew all about it. 4. He is such a good teacher that the students love and respect him. 5.I shall go to the park unless it rains. 6. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.

7、,让步,比较,方式,结果,条件,时间,7. Where there is water, there is life. 8. He studied hard so that he could catch up with his classmates. 9. Since you are very busy, I wont trouble you. 10. Even if (though) I fail. Ill never lose heart. 11. Once you begin the work, you must continue. 12. Although the sun was shi

8、ning, it wasnt very warm.,地点,目的,原因,让步,时间,让步,1 状语从句连词的含义及用法比较； 2、no matter wh- 与 wh-ever 引导的从句的区别； 3、状语从句的时态问题； 4、状语从句倒装及省略问题； 5、状语从句与其它从句区别。,考点与难点归纳,时间状语从句 1. We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started. A. when B. while C. until D. before 2. He was about to tell me the secret _ someon

9、e patted him on the shoulder. A. as B. until C. whileD. when 3. He transplanted the little tree to the garden _ it was the best time for it. A. where B. when C. thatD. until 4. Did Jack come back early last night? Yes. It was not yet eight oclock _ he arrived home. A. Before B. when C. thatD. until

10、5. He was about halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears. A. why B. where C. when D. while,A,D,B,B,C,连接词when的用法小结 when可用来引导时间状语从句，意为“当的时候”从句的谓语动词可以是延续的，也可以是短暂的。 如： When the film ended, they went back. When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays. 2. When 常用于下列句式：意为

11、“就在那时”。如： was doing somethingwhen was about to dowhen was on the point of doing sth. when had donewhen 3. when可以表“既然”，如： How can I help them to understand when they wont listen to me?,注意同一个从属连词的多义性：,6. The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, _ the quality of life is probably on

12、e of the highest. A. since B. when C. as D. while 7. _ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless 8. _it is true that a students most important goal is to do well in his or her studies, it doesnt need to be the only goal. A when B As C While

13、 D Before 25. Mary made coffee her guests were finishing their meal. A. so that B. although C. while D. as if,D,A,C,C,1. while可用来引导时间状语，意为“当的时候”；引导的动作必须是持续性的，如： Please dont talk so loud while others are working. 2. while作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。 Jane was dressed in brown while Mary was dressed in blue. 3

14、. while也可用来引导让步状语，意为“尽管，虽然”；可表示尽管，相当于although While I admit that the problems are difficult , I dont agree that they cant be solved. 4 趁的情况赶紧做, 否则来不及了 Strike while the iron is hot.,连接词while的用法小结,1.as可用来引导时间状语，意为“一边一边”；随着 如： She sang as she walked home all the way. (一边一边） She was doing her homework a

15、s she was listening to the music. As she grew older, she became more beautiful. （随着） As the day went on, the weather got worse. 2.as也可用来引导原因状语从句意为“因为”； 如： As she is free today, she would like to do some shopping. （因为） 3.as还可用来引导让步状语从句（通常用倒装结构）意为“尽管”。 如：Tired as he was, he refused to take a rest. （尽管

16、） Hard as he worked, he cant work out the problem. Child as he is, he knows a lot.,连接词as的用法小结,连接词when, while, as的用法区别： when, while, as这三个连词都可表示“当的时候”，使用时应注意： 1) when可表示一个时间点，也可表示一个时间段。如： When he came in, we were having supper. When we were having supper, the light suddenly went out. 2) while则只表示一个时间

17、段。它所引导的时间状语从句中的时态常用进行时态。如： When/While he was eating his breakfast, he heard the doorbell ring. While he was watching TV, the boy fell asleep. 3) as则强调主句和从句的动作在同一时间进行;也可表示“随着”， 。 She sang as she walked along. As the election approached, the violence（暴行） got worse.,1. Did you remember to give Mary the

18、 money you owed her? Yes. I gave it to her _ I saw her. A. whileB. the moment C. suddenlyD. although 2. I thought her nice and honest _ I met her. A. first time B. for the first time C. the first timeD. by the first time 3. _ entered the office when he realized that he had forgotten his report. A. H

19、e hardly had B. Had he hardly C. Hardly had heD. Hardly he had,B,C,C,小结： 1一些词，如the moment, the minute, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, hardlywhen, scarcelywhen, no soonerthan等也可引导时 间状语从句，相当于as soon as的意思。 I came immediately you called me up. 2一些含有time的名词短语，如the first /second/last time

20、,every time, each time, next time, by the time等，也可引导时间状语从句。 The first time I drove the car, I felt very nervous. Next time you come, please bring your composition. 3. 如果hardly或no sooner或scarcely置于句首，句子必 须倒装。 Hardly /scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.,1. Was his father very strict with hi

21、m when he was at school? Yes. He had never praised him _ he became one of the top students in his grade. A. after B. unless C. until D. when 2. A good storyteller must be able to hold listeners curiosity _ he reaches the end of the story. A. when B. unless C. after D. until 3. It was not _ she took

22、off her dark glasses _ I realized she was a famous film star. A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then,C,D,B,小结： till, until和notuntil： 1.until/till从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词 是延续性动作，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停 止”。如： We waited until/till he came. 2用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。如： He wont go to bed u

23、ntil her father returns. 3till不可以置于句首，而until可以。如： Until you told me I had no idea of it. 4notuntil句型中的强调和倒装说法： It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it. Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.,1. He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse. A. until B

24、. when C. beforeD. as 2. Scientists say it may be five or six years _ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients. A. since B. after C. before D. when 3. Why didnt you tell him about the meeting? He rushed out of the room_I could say a word. A. before B. untilC. whenD. after 4. It is almo

25、st five years _ we saw each other last time. A. before B. since C. after D. because,C,C,A,B,1. I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice _ I picked up the phone. A. while B. after C. in case D. the minute 2. How long do you think it will take _ our product becomes popular with the consu

26、mers A. when B. until C. before D. since 3. _ the day went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. since C. As D. While 4. He was halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears. A. why B. where C. when D. while,连接词before的小结： 一、含义 1 We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw la

27、nd. 2 We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired. 3 Please write it down before you forget it. 4 Before I could get in a word, he had measured me.,“才”,“不到就”,“趁”,“还没来得及”,三1）It will be/段时间before“还要过多久才” It will be two years before he leaves the country. 2） It was +时间段+before 从句 （动作已发生） It was three week

28、s before he came back 3） It will not be long before“不多久就会” It wont be long before she comes back 4） It was not long before“不多久就了” 如： It wasnt long before he left the country. 5）It is时间since如： It is three years since she was in the army. It is three years since she joined the army.,注意时态,条件状语从句 1、 It

29、is known to all that _ you exercise regularly, you wont keep good health. A. unless B. whenever C. although D. if 2. You will be late _ you leave immediately. A. unless B. until C. if D. or 3. The little boy wont go to sleep his mother tells him a story. A. or B. unless C. but D. whether,A,A,B,unles

30、s 相当于 if not，意思是“除非”“如果不就”。,1、_ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. A. Because B. As far as D. Even if 2、I always take something to read when I go to the doctors _ I have to wait. Ain case Bso that Cin orderDas if,B,A,as long as 与 as far as 都可引导条件状语从句，as long as 表

31、示“只要”，as far as 表示“就而言”。题1根据题意应该选用B。in case 表示“以防”。,让步状语从句 1、 _ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless 2、Allow children the space to voice their opinions, _they are different from your own. A. untilB. even ifC. unless D. as though,A,B,wh

32、ile 既可引导时间状语从句，又可引导并列句，还可引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”。even if 等于 even though，表示“即使、尽管”。as though 等于 as if，引导方式状语从句，表示“好像、似乎”。,1、 He tried his best to solve the problem, _ difficult it was. A. however B. no matter C. whatever D although 2、The old tower must be saved, _the cost. Ahowever Bwhatever Cwhichever Dwher

33、ever 3. English and French are taught here. You can choose _ you like. A. no matter whichB. whichever D. whatever,A,B,no matter wh- 与 wh-ever 的联系及区别： no matter wh- 只引导让步状语从句，此时与 wh-ever通用。 No matter when / Whenever he comes back, he should be invited to the party. wh-ever又可引导名词性从句， No matter wh-不能。如

34、： Whoever can help us will be welcome.,结果状语从句 sothat,suchthat 1) It is so good a story that Ill never forget it. It is such a good story that Ill never forget it. 2)such+ a +adj名词 +that clause such+（adj）+名词复数 3)so +adj./adv. +that clause 4)so + many/few + 复数名词 +that clause much/little+不可数名词,10. The

35、day must be breaking, _ the birds have begun singing. A. because B. as C. for D. since,原因状语从句,1) because表示某件事情发生的直接原因或理由。它的语气很强，因而常用来回答why的提问。它表示原因的语气最强。如： He didnt come to school yesterday because he was ill. 2) since常表示对方已经知道的既成事实，说话人根据这个事实得出某一种结论。其语气比because要弱，一般译成“既然”如：Since you are here, why no

36、t stay for a few more days? 3) as常用于表示十分明显的原因，说明因果关系，重点放在主句上，语气较弱，常译成“由于”。如：As its getting darker, we must go home now. 4) for只是一个并列连词，用于连接两个并列句，表示推理或解释，对前一个分句进行附加说明。如： It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet,目的状语从句,.I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class. A. since B. so that C. as if

37、 D. unless You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all. He wrote the name down for fear that(lest) he should forget it. Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.,比较状语从句,（ asas,not as(so)as, more/-erthan,lessthan 1)He doesnt work so hard as you do. 2)There is as m

38、uch ink in bottle A as in bottle B. 3)The more you worry,the less youll succeed. 4) Gold is much heavier than any other metal. 26. I have seldom seen my mother pleased with my progress as she is now. A. so B. very C. too D. rather,方式状语从句 1) You must try to do as I did. 2)Lets do as Mrs. Li teaches u

39、s. *3)He talks as if he knew all about it. (好象 ),1. After the war，a new school building was put up _ there had once been a theatre. A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when 2. - Dont look down upon Bob. He has his own advantages. - Oh, yes. _ others are weak, he is strong. A. If B. WhenC. Where D. Though 3. -

40、 The thread of my kite broke and it flew away. - I had told you it would easily break _it was the weakest A. when B. where C. unless D. since,地点状语从句,地点状语从句只有两个连词: Where，wherever Where - 在地方，Wherever - 无论哪里 1.Put the medicine where you can easily get it. 2.Where there is a will, there is a way. 3.He

41、follows her wherever she goes. 4.Wherever you are, I will be right there waiting for you.,状语从句的时态问题 1、The house could fall down soon if no one_ some quick repair work. A has done B is doing C does D had done 2、It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time. A. before B. since C. after D. when

42、,在条件，时间状语从句中，用一般现在时表示一般将 来时。在 since 引导的时间状语从句中，动词一般都用一般 过去时，而主句常用现在完成时。,C,B,状语从句的倒装问题 1、So difficult _ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English. A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel 2、Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the

43、pollution was. A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realize D. didnt the villagers realize,D,A,状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况： 否定词开头；not until so 加 adj. 开头； as / though引导的让步状语从句。 特别注意： Hardly when No sooner than Child as he is, Hardly had he got to the station when the train

44、 left. No sooner had he got to the station than the train left. Child as he is, he can speak seven foreign languages.,While watching TV, _. A the doorbell rang B the doorbell rings C we heard the door bell ring D we heard the doorbell rings,C,状语从句省略问题,1：如果主从句主语一致，从句中又有“be”时，省略主语和be。 While still a st

45、udent, she played many roles. When told the secret, he was surprised. When (he was) still a boy of ten, he had to work day and night If (you are) asked, you may come in. 2：从句中可省略it+是。 You can turn to me for help if necessary. If (it is) necessary / possible . Ill explain it to you again.,状语从句省略问题,状语

46、从句与并列句的区别 1、Though he is in his sixties, _ he works as hard as a young man A. yet B. but C. and D. and yet 2、 Excuse me for breaking in, _ I have some news for you. A. so B. and C. but D. yet,题1是主从复合句，所以中间不能使用并列连词 and; or; but; so 等。yet 是副词，只有 yet 可以与 though 连用。题2为 并列句，而“Excuse , but ”为一固定搭配。在复习中需要

47、细心的分析句子结构和成分。,A,C,对比训练与巩固,1. We were about to leave_ it began to rain. 2. She thought I was talking about her son, _, in fact, I was talking about my son. 3. Hardly had I finished my composition _ the bell rang. A. when B. while C. as D. during,A,B,A,1. Child _ she is, she know a lot. 2. He did the

48、experiment _ he was told. 3. The pianos in the other shop will be cheaper, but not _ good. A. during B. as C. if D. though,B,B,B,1. He would have a look at the bookstores _ he went to town. 2. We decide to finish the work on time, _ happens. 3. If we work with a strong will, we overcome any difficul

49、ty, _ great it is. 4. Ill give the book to _ likes English. A. whenever B. whoever C. whatever D. however,A,C,D,B,1. If we work hard, we can overcome any difficulty, no matter _ great it is. 2. If we work hard, we can overcome any difficulty, _ great it is. 3. If we work hard, we can overcome any di

50、fficulty, _ difficulty it is. 4. If we work hard, we can overcome any difficulty, no matter _ difficulty it is. A. what B. how C. however D. whatever,B,C,D,A,1. It will be years _ we meet again. 2. It is ten years _ I came to this town. 3. It is ten years ago _ I came to this town. A. when B. that C

51、. before D. since,C,D,B,Go and get your coat. It is _ you left it. 2. You are free to go _ you like. A. there B. where C. wherever D. when,B,C,1. The article is written in such easy English _ all of us can read it. 2. The article is written in such easy English _ all of us can read. A. that B. which

52、 C. as D. so that,A,C,A,_ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. A. While B. since C. Before D. Unless 2. The workers are determined to go through with their railway project, _ the expenses have risen. A. as long as B. even though C. now that D. as though 3. I really want th

53、e match, however much _. A. does it cost B. costs it C. will it cost D. it costs,4. _ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work. A. For now B. Now that C. By now D. until 5. _, the idea of having to work under a woman defeated him. A. Wanting the job very much B. Although

54、wanting the job badly C. Though he wanted the job very much D. He wanted the job badly,Roses need special care _ they can live through winter. A. because B. so that C. even if D. as 2. If things are left _ they are, the problems will never be settled, Im afraid. A. how B. as C. what D. where 3. Care

55、ful surveys have pointed out that as many as 50 percent of the patients do not take drugs _ directed. A. like B. so C. which D. as 4. I dare not go there _ my parents will see me. A. in case of B. for fear of C. in order that D. for fear that,综合练习,时间状语从句,I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel_ I heard the steps. A. while B. when C. since D. after 选择答案 B,时间状语从句,Ordinary soft drinks enter human body through stomach _ alcohol goes directly into the blood system. A. until B. while C. as D. before 选择答案 B,时间状语从句,The Apple Company had sc