Unit 3《Period Four Grammar and usage》课件2.ppt

1、Unit 3 Understanding each other,Grammar and usage,Who is he?,He is Zhao Benshan.,What does he do?,He is a comedian.,What is he doing?,He is performing.,Whats this?,Its the Great Wall in Beijing.,Have you ever visited it?,Yes, I have. I have visited it twice.,Have you ever stood on this stage?,No, I

2、havent, but I have been looking forward to that day.,Do you want to study in this university?,Yes, we have been expecting to study there for ages.,This is our school. It is located in Xiangtan County, Hunan Province. It has been built since three years ago. Im an English teacher in it. I have been t

3、eaching English in this school for about four years.,Tenses related to present,1. The simple present tense (一般现在时) 2. The present continuous tense （现在进行时） 3. The present perfect tense （现在完成时） 4. The present perfect continuous tense （现在完成进行时）,be (am/ is/ are),do/ does +v.,用法：,1. 表客观事实,2. 经常发生的事情,一般现在

4、时,结构：,Nowadays, stand-up comedy is popular all over the world.,No one appreciates being made fun of before the public.,People who laugh a lot live longer.,Translate,1. 如今，单口喜剧在全世界深受人们欢迎。,2. 没有人喜欢在众人面前受到愚弄。,3.喜欢笑的人寿命长。,A couple of days ago, I learnt from my teacher that the earth moves around the sun

5、.,客观事实,在下列情况下，如果主句用了将来时，从句就要用现在时表示将来的情况。,一. 表示“假设、如果、万一、只要”的词，如：if, in case, as/so long as, on condition that, provided / providing that, supposing / suppose that 等引导的条件状语从句中，另外还有unless(除非)引导的从句中。,You can go out to play as long as you stay in the back yard. He can use the bicycle on condition that h

6、e returns it tomorrow. Supposing / Suppose he is absent, what shall we do? In the event (that) she has not been informed, I will tell her.,例句,二. 表示“当时候， 在时,” 的词，如：when, whenever, each time, every time, next time, the first time, any time, the morning/ afternoon/ evening/night/ day/ week/ month/ year

7、 等连词引导的时间状语从句中。,例句,Id like to see you whenever it is convenient. Each time I meet him, he will give me some advice. Ill discuss the problem with you any time it is convenient for you.,三. 表示“一就”的词， 如：as soon as, the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, directly, immediately, instantly等引导的时间状语

8、从句中。,例句: Ill return the book to him the moment I see him next week. Ill e-mail you immediately I get to New York.,四. 对于按时间表、议事日程将要发生的事，可以用一般现在时表示一般将来时。,例句: Hurry up, our flight takes off at 14:00.,Better Life shopping mall opens at 9:00 a.m. and closes at 10:00 p.m.,五. 一些介词短语现在时可以表达将来的动作或状态。如：be at

9、hand, be well on the way, etc.,例句: The Spring Festival is at hand. = The Spring Festival is coming. = The Spring Festival is on the way. The building is well on the way to being completed.,be (am/ is/ are) +v.ing,（现在进行时）,Structure Usage,1. 表事情正在进行 2. 表示按计划、方案或安排而进行的将来的动作。 3. 重复发生的事情, 和 always连用, 通常具

10、有感情色彩.,现在进行时特殊用法展现,1. 表示“在做某事的过程中”，此时动作不一定正在发生。 Recently the number of people fined for speaking on their mobile phones while they are driving has increased greatly.,2. 表示按计划、方案或安排而进行的将来的动作。在这种情况下谓语动词多为非延续性动词，如come，go， leave，move，die，start，stop，arrive等，及少数延续性动词，如spend，stay等。,She is leaving for Guang

11、zhou next week We are spending the whole summer holiday in Beijing soon,3. 与副词forever，always，constantly等连用，表示赞成、厌烦、生气等情绪,She is always talking loudly at the meeting（表示厌烦） She is constantly changing her mind（表示不以为然） He is forever complaining about his salary（表示厌烦）,The write is writing a novel these d

12、ays,4. 表示目前经常发生的动作，然而此时动作不一定正在进行之中,But scientists are working hard to turn them into realities,How are you feeling today？ = How do you feel today？,6. 表达婉转语气,I am hoping to hear from you soon,5. 表示身体感觉的动词，如hurt，ache， feel等使用现在进行时和一般现在时区别不大。,have/ has + PP,1. 重复的动作。,2. 过去发生的动作并对现在造成了影响。,3. 动作从过去一直延续到现

13、在。,（现在完成时）,Structure: Usage:,1. 现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用,如already, yet, just, before, recently, lately等,He has already obtained a scholarship. I havent seen much of him recently (lately). We have seen that film before. Have they found the missing child yet?,2. 现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用,如often, sometimes, ev

14、er, never, twice, on several occasion等:,Have you ever been to New York? I have never heard Simon say anything against her. I have used this pen only three times. It is still good. George has met that gentleman on several occasions.,3. 现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用,如now, up to these few days/weeks/month

15、s/years, this morning/week/month/year, now, just, today, up to present, so far等:,Peter has written six papers so far. Man has now learned to release energy from the nucleus of the atom. There has been too much rain in San Francisco this year.,have/ has been + v.ing,动作从过去延续到现在，还很可能继续下去。,（现在完成进行时）,Str

16、ucture Usage,1. 现在完成进行时和现在完成时皆可表示动作对现在产生的结果，但前者所表示的结果是直接的，而后者所表示的则是最后的结果。 We have been cleaning the classroom. We have cleaned the classroom.,区别现在完成时和现在完成进行时,2. 现在完成进行时有时有延续性，现在完成时往往没有,They have been widening the road.They have widened the road.,3. 现在完成进行时往往表示动作在重复，现在完成时则常常不带重复性,Have you been meetin

17、g her lately？Have you met her lately？,4. 现在完成进行时比较生动，有时含有明显的感情色彩，而现在完成时往往只说明一个事实，一种影响或结果，平铺直叙，没有什么感情色彩可言,I have been wanting to meet you for long. I have long wanted to meet you. （a）句比（b）句更亲切，更有礼貌。,I_ tired, but happy today. I _ my play since January, and now I _ for actors to perform in it. It _ ex

18、citing to think of them saying the words I_ _ for months. I have already found one enthusiastic actor who _ super.,am,have been writing,am looking,is,imagining,is,Check the answers(p9 A):,have been,He _a film right now, but _ to be in a play for many years. I _several advertisements for my play. We

19、_them next week. Tickets _ on sale next week. Writing _ tough work, but I _ it will all be worthwhile, and I will be famous when the play _.,is making,has been planning,have designed,are printing,are going,is,hope,opens,Check the answers(p9 B):,I am performing at the Comedy Club tonight. I have been

20、 practising my jokes in front of the mirror for the last three hours. My family is coming to watch my show. I am nervous about the show.,1. The house belongs to my aunt but she _ here any more. A. hasnt lived B. didnt live C. hadnt lived D. doesnt live 2. As you can see, the number of cars on our ro

21、ads _ rising these days. A. was keeping B. keep C. keeps D. were keeping,3. I have to go to work by taxi because my car _ at the garage. A. will be repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired 4. The father as well as his three children _ skating on the frozen river every Sunday

22、 afternoon in winter. A. is going B. go C. goes D. are going,5. -I dont suppose the police know who did it. - Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and _ now. A. has been questioned B. is being questioned C. is questioning D. has questioned,6. My friend, who _ on the International Olym

23、pic Committee all his life, is retiring next month. A. served B. is serving C. had served D. has served 7. Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane _. A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off,8. I wont tell the student the answer to the math problem until he _

24、 on it for more than an hour. A. has been working B. will have worked C. will have been working D. had worked,9. Although the causes of cancer _, we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it. A. are being uncovered B. have been uncovering C. are uncovering D. have uncovered,10. The building ar

25、ound the corner caught fire last night. The police are now _ the matter. A. seeing through B. working out C. looking into D. watching over,11. The WTO cannot live up to its name _ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind. A. as long as B. while C. if D. even though,12. The men will have to wait all day _ the doctor works faster. A. if B. unless C. whether D. that 13. Ive won a holiday for two to Florida. I _ my mum. A. am taking B. have taken C. take D. will have taken,14. Hundreds