Phonics-自然拼读法(77张ppt)简单易学.ppt

1、Phonics 自然拼读法,Review,Vowels（元音字母）： a, e, i（y）, o, u Consonants（辅音字母）： 剩余其他字母(b, c,d,x, y, z),y字母相当于i，为半元音,Sing the alphabet song :lalala,Phonics 自然拼读法,What is phonics？,自然拼读法类似于汉语拼音，将英文单词根据发音，按音节拼写出来，达到“见词会读，听音会拼”的神奇效果。是以英语为母语的国家小学语文必修的内容。,音节是以元音字母为基础 + 一个或几个辅音字母构成的读音的基本单位。 由于元音字母发音响亮，因此作为划分音节的基础。任何单

2、词都可以分解为一个或多个音节来读。,音 节,ham*bur*ger，ba*na*na，ap*ple，ru*ler, Eng*lish, ja*cket, 有大于等于2个元音字母构成的单词，即有2个及2个以上音节叫多音节词。 go, we, egg, my , act, must, sheep, see, toy, leap, 有1个或2个紧挨着的元音字母组成的单词，即有一个音节叫单音节词。,Practice 1,tea mother family homeland condition saw tool book grand grandmother parent child children s

3、ister brother father photo country green blue yellow ginger national red camera,音节分为：开音节、闭音节，-r/-re音节，元音字母组合音节。,开音节、闭音节,开音节,1、以发音的元音字母结尾的音节，如we, do, go, hi, flee, America, China, flu, tamato, identify,. 2、以一个元音字母 + 辅音字母（r除外）+不发音的 e 结尾的音节，如 take, age, make, name,. （没有辅音字母“包住”元音字母，元音字母露在外）,闭音节,闭音节：辅音字

4、母（r除外）结尾的音节，如act, pen, big, small,有辅音字母“包住”元音字母,Practice 2,take she time go use age we nine nose cute name me bike home huge make these my joke fume,开音节,cut much gun bull drop hot fog,stick mill ship gift rest ten let,clock best pan land jam fact,闭音节,重读、非重读音节,对于多音节词，有一个音节要读的重些，叫重读音节；而其他音节读得较轻，叫非重读音节

5、。对于单音节词，只有一个重读音节。 mor*ning af*ter*noon Eng*lish good, hi, we, he,Lesson 1元音字母的读音规律,1.元音字母在重读开音节发：,A /ei/ E/i:/ I/ai/ O/u/ U/ju:/ take she time go use age we nine nose cute name me bike home huge make these my joke fume,y字母在单词末尾相当于i，为半元音,字母本音,Practice 3:Listen and write,fl_ wh_ f_ne n_ce l_ke _te b _

6、ke l _ke pl_ ne _ve P_ ter m_ ter n_ se c_ pe _ver l_ ne am_ se h_ ge f_ se m_ te,y,y,i,i,a,a,a,i,a,e,u,e,o,o,o,o,e,u,u,u,元音字母在重读开音节发什么音？,字母本音,2.元音字母在重读闭音节中读音：,A/ E/e/ I/i/ O/ U/ /or/u/,注意:代表/发音的字母只有a,apple bag cap cat,egg pen bed set,rid sit big pick,not dog box shop,us ugly put full,Practice4: Say

7、 the vowels,cut much gun bull drop hot fog clock,stick mill ship gift rest leg let,best pan land jam fact,Review,1.元音字母在重读开音节发：,A /ei/ E/i:/ I/ai/ O/u/ U/ju:/ take she time go use age we nine nose cute name me bike home huge make these my joke fume,y字母在单词末尾相当于i，为半元音,字母本音,2.元音字母在重读闭音节中读音：,A/ E/e/ I/i

8、/ O/ U/ /or/u/,注意:代表/发音的字母只有a,apple bag cap cat,egg pen bed set,rid sit big pick,not dog box shop,us ugly put full,3.元音字母在非重读音节中的读音：,A / E / I(y) / O/ U/ /i/ /i/,ago begin rabbit potato upon China before April tomato disturb about parent copy occur focus Canada wonder tidy memory difficult,Phrases a

9、nd Sentences,around seven oclock arrive at the office His house is located at the seaside.,9/4/2020,定冠词（特指）：the,这个男孩 the boy 我买的雨伞 the umbrella that I buy 太阳/月亮(独一无二的自然现象) the sun/ the moon,9/4/2020,不定冠词：,一个苹果 an apple 一个诚实的男孩 an honest boy 一根香蕉 a banana,专项练习,第一关：根据老师的发音，选出正确的单词（注：t的发音为/t/） a. ( ) A

10、. help B. hope ( ) A. help B. hope b. ( ) A. fug B. fig C. fag ( ) A. fug B. fig C. fag ( ) A. fug B. fig C. fag c. ( ) A. bit B. bite C. bet D. bat ( ) A. bit B. bite C. bet D. bat ( ) A. bit B. bite C. bet D. bat ( ) A. bit B. bite C. bet D. bat,d.() A.fate B.fat C.net D.name () A.fate B.fat C.net

11、 D.name () A.fate B.fat C.net D.name () A.fate B.fat C.net D.name e.() A. use B. us C. lop D.close () A. use B. us C. lop D.close () A. use B. us C. lop D.close () A. use B. us C. lop D.close,第二关：听音写词,2.元音字母组合的读音规则,1. ai/ ay 在重读音节中常发/ei/ rain wait may day 2. ea 不发/e/,就发/i:/ sweater head bread eat se

12、a tea leaf easy,3. ei发/ei/或/i:/：eight neighbor weigh receive either ceiling ey 在词尾发/ei/：they hey obey ie/ee在重读音节中发/i:/ : piece niece thief believe sheep see queen,/i:/ or /i/ ?,He sees a ship. She sees a sheep. A ship and a sheep. He sees a ship,and she sees a sheep.,-ce在词尾发/s/: nice piece once chan

13、ce peace ,-r音节在重读音节的读音规则,-re音节的读音规则,3.辅音字母常见读音规则,j通常发/d/ Jane, jump, object, judge, k通常发/k/,但遇到/s/ 要浊化读成/g/ kick, kid, sky, skate, skin,9/4/2020,清辅音浊化,p t k tr 四淘气遇到s 就读成： /b/ /d/ /g/ /dr/ spend /b/ spirit /b/ stand up /d/ skirt /g/ street /dr/,9/4/2020,Phrases and Sentences,A bear is skiing. 一头熊在滑雪

14、。,9/4/2020,Phrases and Sentences,bag and baggage (adv.) 连同随身的东西一起离开 behind ones back 在背地里,d通常发 /d/ dad, day, hand, mind f和组合ff通常发 /f/ family, father, stuff, buff ,9/4/2020,Phrases and Sentences,football fans 足球迷 My mother is a good cook. 我的妈妈是一个好厨师。,9/4/2020,g和组合gg通常发/g/，组合-ge发/d/ beggar, giggle, ag

15、e, orange, manage, y 在词首或音节开头常发/j/ yes yellow lawyer yesterday,9/4/2020,S的发音规律 (1) s在词首时通常发/s/ sand sad school sandwich s在清辅音后通常发/s/ physics lamps helps (3) s在浊辅音与元音前后通常发/z/ names always yours begs reason desire,9/4/2020,w 通常发/w/ 发音与拼音wo 类似 we week win want x 通常发/ks/ box six fox taxi ,9/4/2020,z 和zz

16、通常发/z/ zebra amaze jazz qu 在词首发/kw/,在词尾中常发/k/ quick quake queen unique conquer,9/4/2020,不发音的辅音字母,1.b在词尾的-mb，-bt中不发音 bomb comb lamb(小羊) doubt debt 2. d在一些单词中不发音 grandma grandparent Wednesday handsome ,9/4/2020,3. g在gn中不发音: design foreign sign gh有时不发音: night right eight high straight 4. h 在有些单词中不发音 ho

17、ur honest honour vehicle ghost(幽灵),9/4/2020,5.kn-在词首时通常发/n/,k不发音 knee knife knock know 6. p在有些单词中不发音 psychology cupboard .,9/4/2020,7.以wr-开头的单词，w不发音 write wrong writer 8.除了be/me/he/she/we外，词尾的e 一般不发音 take name cake bake date .,9. gue在词尾时，ue不发音 Eg. dialogue tongue league(联盟) analogue(相似物),特定的字母组合,1.

18、sion sure 在辅音字母后分别发 /n/ /u/ eg. extension comprehension ensure insure pressure,2. sion / sure 在元音字母后分别发 /n/ /r/ Eg. decision television revision pleasure measure leisure,3. ti/ci发/, -tion发/ n/, tious发 /s/ Eg. essential potential patient action nation function cautious ambitious musician social,4. tu

19、re发/tr/ creature culture picture nature mixture lecture future feature 5. ble发/bl/ able possible probable drinkable(可饮用的) imaginable thinkable,从左往右（从前往后）划分。 “元音+辅音” 或“单元音”构成一个音节，只有辅音字母不能构成音节！,3.“两分手，一归前来，一归后” 当两个元音之间有两个辅音字母时，将两个辅音字母划分在前后两个音节里。 better 划分成 bet* ter carry 划分成 car* ry always 划分成 al* way

20、s sister 划分成 sis* ter basketball 划分成 bas*ket*ball volleyball划分成 vol*ley*ball,注意:一些不允许“两分手”的情况 （1）特定的字母组合不能分开： tion, sion, sure,ture, ai, au, aw, ew, oo, ow,oy,ea,ee, ei, ie ar,er,ir,or,ur,are,air,ere,ire,ure, dr,tr eg. attract划分成at*tract address划分成ad*dress,（2）各种辅音连缀，如 cr, pr, bl, fl, 等，也是不允许分割的。这样的单词有：,April 划分成 A*pril secret 划分成 se*cret apron划分成 a* pron sacred 划分成 sa* cred,5. 音节个数是从左往右(从前往后)数的,morning evening afternoon yellow question version