非谓语高三.ppt

1、,非谓语动词,动词的ing 形式,现在分词,动名词,动词不定式,一、非谓语动词的句法功能,非谓语动词 解题步骤,做非谓语动词题,可分四步分析:,一、分析句子结构,1. _many times , but he still couldnt understand it .2. _many times , he still couldnt understand it .A. Having been told B. ToldC. He was told D. Though he was told,C,A,分析: 句1. 用连词but 引导并列句子,因此,前面也是个独立句子.,句2. 句中用逗号隔开,且

2、无连词引导,因此,前面不是句子结构，只是句子的一个成分，,用非谓语动词作状语。,3. _to the left , youll find the post office . 4. If you _to the left , youll find the post office .5. _to the left and youll find the post office .A. Turning B. To turn C. Turn D. Turned E .turn,A,E,C,二、分析逻辑主语 非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。非谓语动词作状语时，

3、其逻辑主语须和句子的真正主语一致。若不一致，则须加上自己的逻辑主语。,分析： 句1. 表示“没有公共汽车”，应用“there be”结构，即逻辑 主语是“the buses”.,1._no buses , we have to walk home . 2._ Sunday , I shall have a quiet day at home . A. There being B. It were C. There were D. It being,A,句2. Sunday的逻辑主语应是it.,D,三、分析语态,分析： 句1. “地球被看”，表被动，,1. _from space , the e

4、arth looks blue .2._from space , we can see the earth is blue .A. Seen B. Seeing C. To see D.See,分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词和逻辑主 语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系。,这两个题选项中的非谓语动词都没有加自己的逻辑主语, 因此其 逻辑主语就是句子的主语。,A,用过去分词表被动。,句2. 我们“主动看”即表主动。,B,3. The dirty clothes _ , the girl hung them up outside .4. _ the dirty clothes ,the

5、 girl hung them up outside . A. was washed B. washed C. were washed D. having washed,句4.逻辑主语为句子的主语“the girl”,表示“女孩洗衣服”, 为主动关系。,分析： 句3. 前面应用非谓语动词作句子的状语，逻辑主语是 “the dirty clothes”，和动词搭配表示“衣服被洗”，,B,D,在选定了主动或被动后，还要考虑动作发生的 时间问题，即时态。1. The building _now will be a restaurant .2. The building _next year will

6、 be a restaurant .3. The building _last year is a restaurant. A. having been built B.to be built C.being built D. built,四、分析时态,句1中 now 说明大楼正在被修，故用进行式,C,句2中next year 说明大楼将在明年被修，故用表将来的不定式,B,句3中 last year 说明大楼已被修，但不能选A，因为现在分词 的完成式不能作定语，故用过去分词,D,4. He stood there_for his mother .5. _for two hours , he w

7、ent away .A. waiting B. to wait C. waited D.Having waited,句4表示“站在那等”,两个动词同时发生, 作伴随状语。,A,句5表示已经等了两个小时，发生在谓语动词“went away ” 之前，故用完成式,D,注意: 非谓语动词的否定都应将not 放在前面。What is the reason for _there ?A. not your going B. not your goC. your not going D. you not to go,D,1._ a reply, he decided to write again. A No

8、t receiving B Receiving not C Not having received D Having not received 2._ your essay carefully before you hand it in, some mistakes can surely be avoided , I think. A.Having checked B. Checked C. As long as you check D.To check 3._ , Ill go over all these lessons before the exam. A If time will pe

9、rmit B Time permits C Time permitted D Time permitting,c,c,D,状语,3._from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.(05湖北) ABeing separated B. Having separated C. Having been separated D. To be separated 4. _in my bedroom,

10、 I started to read the Chicken Soup for the Soul. A. Leaving lonely B. Having left alone C. Left alone D. To be left alone,C,C,II.非谓语的否定：not doing not having done not to do,1)They are accustomed to _ (在吃饭时不说话). 2)_(没有意识到)that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest.,not talking at

11、 meals,Not realizing,3)_the programme，they have to stay there for another two weeks A. Not completing BNot completed CNot having completed DHaving not completed,C,III. 动名词的复合结构： 名词所有格或形容词性物主代词+动名词。 (如果动名词的复合结构作宾语，名词所有格可用 普通名词代替，形容词性物主代词可用人称代词 宾格代替) His losing the game made us very disappointed.(主) W

12、ould you mind my/me opening the window. (宾语) The noise of desks being opened and closed could be heard out in the street. (因desk 为无生命名词，无所有格),IV. 独立主格结构： 形式特点： 名词/代词+to do/v-ing /v-ed/adj/adv/prep. phrase, 通常只作状语。,1._ coming late, the teacher was angry. A. He B. His C. Him D. /,A,2.She apologised to

13、 me for _ to inform me of the change in the plan. A. her not being able B. her being not able C. not being able D. that shes not able to,A,V.there being /there to be 1.- Ann will be sent abroad very soon. -She never dreams of _such a chance. A. being B. there to be C. there be D. there being 2.The s

14、tudents expected there _ more reviewing classes before the final exam. is B. to be C. being D. have been 3.It is impossible for_ a quarrel between us.,(D),(B),4.As there was no bus, we had to walk home. = There _, we had to walk home.,being no bus,there to be,VI.remain adj/done/to be done The situat

15、ion remained unchanged. Many problems remains to be solved. 高考链接The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _as the plane was making a landing Aseat Bseating Cseated Dto be seating,Cseated,with 复合结构： 1) He often leaves his homework _(undo). 2) Im sorry to have kept you _(wait). 3) The joke

16、 set us all _(laugh). 4) When we enter the hall, we found all the guests _(go). 5)He found himself _by a crowd of people and _ to escape. A. surrounded; trying B. surrounding; trying C. surrounding; tried D. surrounded ;tried,A,gone,undone,waiting,laughing,不定式补充： I. to do 独立使用： to be frank, to be ex

17、act, to be honest, to begin/start with(首先), to make matters worse, not to mention sth. (更不用提),II.某些形容词在(not/ never/ only/ all) too + adj. /adv. + to do 结构中没有否定意义，而是表示肯定，这类形容词有：anxious, delighted, eager, glad, kind, pleased, ready, surprised, willing等。 Eg. 1) She is too anxious to know the examinatio

18、n results. 2) Its never too late to learn. 3) Im only too glad to stay at home. 我太想留在家里啦。 4) We are all too satisfied to take your advice. 我们非常乐意接受你的建议.,III：wh+ to do (why ,if 除外）, 做主宾表 e.g. When and where to have a meeting is still unknown. The problem is how to finish our work in time. It is said

19、in Australia there is more land than the government knows_. A. it want to do with B. what to do it with C. what to do with it D. to do what with it,C,IV.onesdream/plan/goal/aim/intention/purpose/ambition is to do sth.。,e.g. His wish is to buy a luxurious car in the near future,分词的补充：1. 几个特殊的词： follo

20、w, seat, lose, devote, hide,dress,face,fill 1.whats the matter with the blouse? -It looks as if it hasnt been washed _the instructions. A. to follow B. following C. followed 2.The professor came in, _by his students. (follow) _his students. 3._ his son on the chair , he began to tell a story. (seat)

21、 _on the chair, his son listened attentively. 4._ in the forest, he felt worried. (lose) _his way , he felt worried.,following,followed,(B),Seating,Seated,Lost,Losing,Tom looked at Jenny, with tears _eyes, and shouted out the words_in his heart for years. filling; having been hidden filled; hidden C

22、. filling; hidden D. filled; hiding,(C),高考链接,II.动词的-现在分词与过去分词作表语： 1. 动词的-ing 形式作表语说明主语的性质，特征。 Eg. His speech is very inspiring. 2. 过去分词作表语表示主语的状态。(注意和被动语态的区分) Eg. Everyone present is very inspired at his speech,The _ expression on her face suggested that she was _ when she heard the news. A. amazing

23、; amazed B. amazed; amazing C. amazed; amazed D. amazing; amazing,C,III.连词+分词（状语从句的省略） 常见连词：when,while, after, before, if, though, unless, as if 等 When _ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. A. compared B. being compared C. compar

24、ing D. having compared,C,V+ sb + ving feel listen to , hear see , watch, find , notice ,observe have keep leave catch send set,考点2：作宾语,1 能用动名词作宾语的动词和词组：,advise, admit, allow, avoid, appreciate, consider, deny, delay, encourage, enjoy, excuse, endure, escape, forbid, forgive, finish, imagine, keep, m

25、ind, miss, permit, postpone, practise, prevent, resist, risk, suggest, cant stand, object to, look forward to, get down to, be used to, devote to, be equal to, prefer to,lead to, be accustomed to, adapt to, see to,考点2：作宾语,2 能接不定式作宾语的动词：,attempt, arrange, afford, claim (声称), ask, choose, decide, demand, determine, endeavor(努力), expect, fail, hesitate, hope, intend, long(渴望), manage, offer, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, wish, ,remember forget regret try mean stop go on cant help,to do doing,考点2：作宾语,注意：既能接-ing又能接to do 的动词,1. _, the work can be done much better . A. Given more t