学士学位英语辅导课件(最全,完整版).ppt

1、成人学士学位英语辅导,一、学位考试应注意的基本事项,进入考场做到四心： 一是保持静心，二是增强信心，三是做题专心，四是考试细心。 答题时，认真审题，明确要求，一定要高度集中注意力快速、准确地认真读题。,尽量做完试题，分秒必争 要做到会多少答多少，即使是没有把握也要敢于写，碰碰运气也无妨。 先易后难，增强自信心，千万不能在一类题、或一道题上费时太多。 在标准化考试中，敢于猜测的考生有时也会取得较好的分数。,考试时间分配,9:0010:30 试卷一 Part. Dialogue Completion (15%) Part II. Reading Comprehension (40%) Part I

2、II. Vocabulary and Structure（20%） Part .Cloze Test (10%) 10:30-11:00 试卷二 Part: Writing (15%),会话技能讲解,考纲解析： 根据大纲对会话技能的要求，考生应能使用英语进行日常会话交流，突出交际目标，实用性，不涉及专业性；根据对话的情景、场合、人物关系、身份和讲话人的意图及话语含义能够作出正确判断和用语选择。该部分共有15段不完整的简短对话，每段对话后设有四个选择项。考生须在理解每段对话的基础上从所提供的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。该部分满分为15分，每题1分。,会话技能讲解,考试策略： 深入所考查的场景，注

3、意中西方文化的差异；把握对话人的角色，掌握口语的习惯表达法；切忌死记硬背，避免受到中文口语表达的干扰。,会话技能讲解,解题技巧： 1.通读对话，了解对话的情景和目的。 2.注意对话要符合英语交际和表达习惯。 3.每个句子都要看懂，抓住相应语境中的关键词，准确理解其含义。 4.重读对话，验证答案。 5. 采取排除法。,会话技能讲解,常考的英语口语交际语境： （一）问候 （二）询问 （三）建议 （四）邀请 （五）祝贺 （六）赞美 （七）感谢 （八）道歉 （九）其他,会话技能讲解,类别一：问候和介绍 介绍自己: Id like to make a self-introduction. Im Plea

4、se allow me to introduce myself. I would like to introduce myself. Im How do you do ? Im ,会话技能讲解,类别一：问候和介绍 介绍他人: Tom, this is Mark, the CEO of Tom, Id like you to meet Tom, let me introduce to you. 请求别人介绍: Would you please introduce yourself ? May I have your name?,会话技能讲解,类别一：问候和介绍 互相介绍 1. Come and

5、meet John. -How do you do? 2. -Let me introduce you to my friend Mr. Brown./ I would like you to meet my friend Mr. Black. -Im pleased / glad to meet you./Nice meeting you.,会话技能讲解,类别一：问候和介绍 互相介绍 How do you do? I dont think weve met before. Im Tom. -How do you do? Its a pleasure to meet you./Nice to

6、meet you.,会话技能讲解,类别一：问候和介绍 问候： 1. How are you? /How are you doing? -Im fine, thanks./ Very well, thanks. And you? 2. How is everything? -Pretty good. -Whats new?,会话技能讲解,类别一：问候和介绍 问候： How is everything going? How is it going? （包括复数的情况） Hows life with you? Fancy meeting you here! Anything new! 近况如何！,会

7、话技能讲解,类别二：告别 告别前用语及其可能的回答： I have got to be going now. Im afraid I must be off/leaving. Its about time I was going. Cant you stay any longer ? Do you really want to go ?,会话技能讲解,类别二：告别 1. Good bye. /Bye Bye. 2. See you. -So long. /See you. 3. Take care. -You too.,会话技能讲解,类别三：询问 问路 Excuse me , would yo

8、u please tell me the way to the railway station? Excuse me, can you tell me where the Xinhua Bookstore is ? Excuse me, how can I get to ?,会话技能讲解,类别三：询问 问路 Sorry to bother/trouble you ,but can you direct me to the airport ? Excuse me, which direction is it to the Yuying Middle School?,会话技能讲解,类别三：询问 指

9、路： Walk four blocks down the street and turn right. 不知道方向： Sorry, I dont know. I am new here,too. Sorry, I am not sure. Youd better ask,会话技能讲解,类别三：询问 问距离和交通方式： How far is it from ? Is it long way to on foot ? Which bus shall I take ?,会话技能讲解,类别三：询问 问时间： What is the time? / What time is it, please? Ha

10、ve you got the time? Whats the date today?/ What date is it today? What day is it today?,会话技能讲解,类别三：询问 问天气 Whats the weather like outside today? Whats the weather going to be tomorrow? How are the summer here? Whats it like outside today? Whats the temperature today?,会话技能讲解,类别三：询问 问天气的回答 Well, its v

11、ery hot./its wonderful. Hot and humid. Its freezing outside. Its going to be cloudy tomorrow. The temperature will drop ,会话技能讲解,类别四：建议与忠告 请求与允许/不允许 Do you mind if I smoke? /Would you mind my smoking? -No, I dont. -Oh, Id rather you dont.,会话技能讲解,类别四：建议与忠告 请求与允许/不允许 -Is it all right if I smoke? -Yes,

12、go ahead./Do it, please. -Can I make a phone call? /Id like to make a phone call, if you permit me. -Go ahead.,会话技能讲解,类别四：建议与忠告 建议 1. Why not go swimming? /Why dont we go swimming? -Good idea./ Thank for your advice./ Its a good suggestion. -Id love to, but I have to prepare for tomorrows report.,会话

13、技能讲解,类别四：建议与忠告 建议 How about going for a walk? What about a beer? Would you care to go to the party? Youd better take an umbrella with you.,会话技能讲解,类别四：建议与忠告 相应建议的回答 Id love to. OK, Ill do that. Thats an excellent idea.,会话技能讲解,类别四：建议与忠告 忠告 If I were you ,Id leave now. I would try again if I were you .

14、 Youd better not go to school. We dont permit you smoking in this building.,会话技能讲解,类别四：建议与忠告 忠告的相应回答 Thank you for reminding me. Ill remember that. All right. I wont go.,会话技能讲解,类别五：邀请与约会 提出邀请： Would you like to have dinner with me ? How about going to the cinema with us tonight ? I wonder if you can

15、 go picnicking with us tomorrow. I am calling to see if you would like to have lunch tomorrow.,会话技能讲解,类别五：邀请与约会 接受及婉拒 Sure./Sounds good./Yes ,thats a great idea./ Yes, I do. / With pleasure Id like to. But Im sorry. But this week is not convenient for me.,会话技能讲解,类别五：邀请与约会 商定约会时间或地点 Shall we meet at

16、7:00 pm ? Will 10 oclock be OK ？ Anytime and anywhere are all right. No, I cant make it today. How about tomorrow?,会话技能讲解,类别六：感谢 Thank you very much./ (Many)thanks./ Thanks a lot . I can never thank you enough. Thank you for all youve done for us . I really appreciate your help /assistance / what yo

17、uve done for me .,会话技能讲解,类别六：感谢 感谢的回答 Its my pleasure. / My pleasure. / Anytime. Dont mention it . You are welcome. Thats all right./ Its nothing.,会话技能讲解,类别七：道歉 I apologize for what I have done . Please accept my heartfelt apology. I am really sorry for the trouble I brought to you. I feel sorry abo

18、ut Please forgive my fault.,会话技能讲解,类别七：道歉 Sorry to disturb you. I did not mean to do that. Its my fault; Ill try to make it up to you. I owe you an apology for what I did last night.,会话技能讲解,类别七：道歉 道歉的回答 Thats all right. /Never mind. /It doesnt matter. Forget it. / No problem./ Thats nothing . Nothin

19、g serious. It really isnot worth mentioning.,会话技能讲解,类别八：请求许可 I wonder if I can use your computer . Is it all right if I ? Would you mind my turning on TV ? Would you please lend Would it be possible for me to put off the work.,会话技能讲解,类别八：请求许可后的 回答 No, do as you like. Certainly not./ Not at all. No,

20、go ahead. You can if you like. Im sorry, but I do. I wish you would not.,会话技能讲解,类别九：祝愿祝贺 You look great this morning! Congratulations!/Congratulations on Please accept my heartiest congratulation. Good luck. /The best of luck. Have a nice weekend./Happy New Year!,A: Good luck! / Best wishes to you.

21、/ Have a nice / good time. / Congratulations! / Have a good journey.! B: Thank you. A: Happy New Year! / Merry Christmas! / Happy birthday to you. B: The same to you.,会话技能讲解,类别九：对祝愿祝贺的回答 Thank you. Thank you! Its very kind of you to say so. The same to you. 在此情景中要特别注意不要受到中文表达习惯的干扰。,会话技能讲解,类别十：提出或请求帮

22、助 提出的方式： What can I do for you ? Can I help you ? Is there anything I can do for you ? Let me give you a hand .,会话技能讲解,类别十：提出或请求帮助 提出的方式： Can you do me a favor ? Can you help me (with) ? Would you please give me a hand ? I Would appreciate you very much if you give me some help.,会话技能讲解,类别十：提出或请求帮助 接

23、受与拒绝： Yes, please./ Yes, thanks. Its very knid of you. / That would be nice. No, thanks. I can manage it. Thank you all the same.,会话技能讲解,类别十一：电话的情景 打电话： May I speak to , please? Is Tom in ? Id like to talk to Mr. White. Is this Dr. Smiths office? Can you connect me with Mike?,会话技能讲解,类别十一：电话的情景 接电话：

24、This is speaking. Speaking, please. Just a moment. I will put him on.,会话技能讲解,类别十一：电话的情景 无法接电话： Would you like to hang on a moment? Hold on, please. Sorry, he isnt in all the moment. Sorry, He is not available now.,会话技能讲解,类别十一：电话的情景 留言： Would you like to leave a message? Would you mind calling back l

25、ater? Can I leave Mr. Smith a message? Please tell him to call me back.,会话技能讲解,类别十一：电话的情景 挂断及拨错号码 Thanks for calling./ Please call again anytime. Theres no one here by that name. I am afraid youve got the wrong number. I am sorry. I must have misdialed.,会话技能讲解,类别十二：餐厅场景 询问及预约 Could you recommend a n

26、ice restaurant near here? Id like a restaurant with Id like to have some local food. Id like to reserve a table for three. Wed like a table with a nice view.,会话技能讲解,类别十二：餐厅场景 餐厅点餐 Are you ready to order ? What would you like to eat ? Would you like to look at the menu? Whats the specialty today ? Wh

27、at do you recommend ?,会话技能讲解,类别十二：餐厅场景 点餐及其结账 Id like some soup and two fried eggs . Tonights on me. 今晚我买单。 Well go Dutch. How would you like to pay? Do you take cash or card?,会话技能讲解,类别十三：看病就医 预约： Id like to make an appointment to see the doctor this week. Would tomorrow afternoon be convenient for

28、you? Im afraid Dr. Smith is occupied this afternoon.,会话技能讲解,类别十三：看病就医 询问病情： Whats the matter ? Whats the trouble with you ? Whats wrong with you ?,会话技能讲解,类别十三：看病就医 询问病情： I dont feel well with my stomach. I have a headache. I think there is something wrong with my heart.,会话技能讲解,类别十四：购物 招呼及指导顾客 What c

29、an I do for you ? Can / May I help you ? Try it, please! Can you show me ?,会话技能讲解,类别十四：购物 招呼及指导顾客 I am just looking around. Where is the fitting room? This is too big/ just my size/ suits me. Sorry, it is out of stock. We have it in stock.,会话技能讲解,类别十四：购物 讨价及付款 How much does it cost? Could you bring

30、the price down? Can you give me a little discount. I have no change.,会话技能讲解,类别十五：称赞或赞美 Well done! / Good job! You have a very nice business. You have a good taste. It matches you perfectly. No words can express .,会话技能讲解,类别十五：称赞或赞美 的应答 Thanks / Thank you for Im delighted you think so. How kind of you

31、 to say that.,会话技能讲解,类别十六：表达个人情绪 询问喜好 What you like to do in your free time? How do you like your ? Which do you like better, or ? Which do you prefer, or ?,会话技能讲解,类别十六：表达个人情绪 表达好恶： I prefer / like / love pizza. She is happy with Id rather have tea than coffee. is my favorite.,会话技能讲解,类别十六：表达个人情绪 表达遗

32、憾： Im very sorry to hear your failure in this examination. I feel very sad to know that your pet dog has died. What a pity that Its a pity that ,会话技能讲解,类别十六：表达个人情绪 表达同情或关心 Whats the matter? You look so sad. What are you worried about ? You seem different today.,会话技能讲解,类别十六：表达个人情绪 表达同情或关心的应答 Nothing

33、serious. Thanks ! Im all right./ I can manage it. Everything will be fine.,会话技能讲解,补遗 （一） 谈论计划及相应的回答 What would you like to do tonight ? Whats your plan for the summer vacation? What are you going to do after graduation?,会话技能讲解,补遗 （一） 谈论计划及相应的回答 I want to go to the movie tonight. Im going to stay in

34、the school. If possible, Id like to become a good teacher.,会话技能讲解,补遗 （二）寄信 What can I do for you ? / Can I help you ? Anything I can do for you ? I want /need two stamps /envelopes.,会话技能讲解,补遗 （二）寄信 I want to send it by express mail / air mail. How much is the postage ? Whats the postage?,会话技能讲解,补遗 （

35、三）在银行 What can I do for you ? / Can I help you ? Anything I can do for you ? I want to open a savings account / checking account .,会话技能讲解,补遗 （三）在银行 Id like to deposit /withdraw 1 thousand yuan(RMB) Could you tell me my balance? Can you change RMB for dollars?,会话技能讲解,补遗 （四）在海关 Passport, please! Could

36、 you show me the passport ? Anything to declare ? 申报 Do you have anything to declare ?,2014-04-13,会话技能讲解,补遗 （四）在海关 Here you are. This is my passport. No, I have nothing to declare. Yes, I have two cameras to declare.,会话技能的综合运用,Carlo: How much is it for a person for a day? Ben: With lunch, its only 6

37、0 Euros. Carlo: Ok, _ A: it is too expensive. C: forget it. B: it is a deal. D: goodbye. (2013),会话技能的综合运用,Mark: Lets go and sit down for a while. I need to rest and have a drink. Linn: _. Im tired too. A: You are fight B: Thats amazing C: Lets do that D: Well give it a try (2013),会话技能的综合运用,Lucas: So

38、rry sweetie. I didnt hear you. _? Mary: Look here, this dress has matching belt and shoes. What do you think? A: Where are you B: How you doing C: What did you say D: Why are you here (2013),会话技能的综合运用,Kathy: I hope they have all that stuff at the supermarket. Ben: _ We can also look online for the t

39、hings we like. A: It beats me. B: How can I know? C: Whats the point? D: It doesnt matter if they dont. (2013),2014-04-13,会话技能的综合运用,Cashier: Okay, thatll be $8.55. Customer: _. Cashier: Thanks Next ! A: Here you go B: Take this away C: You are fight D: Its very nice of you,会话技能的综合运用,Speaker: Thank y

40、ou all for attention. Host: Professor Cohen, _. Speaker: Sure. (2012) A: wed like to thank you anyway. B: I wish you a safe trip back. C: could you expand on it ? D: would you like to take some questions?,会话技能的综合运用,Sam: Oh, Im feeling dizzy now. You know I have just enjoyed much beer. Peter: Really?

41、 Dont you know its a very important party? _ . (2012) A: Mind how you go B: Behave yourself C: Mind your own business D: Watch your back,会话技能的综合运用,Nancy: Caroline must have left since your train arrived so late. Elline: To my surprise, I found her waiting for me at the station. Nancy: _! (2012) A: H

42、ow kind! B: What a pity! C: Good for her! D: No kidding!,会话技能的综合运用,-Dont forget to pass on the message to my teacher. -_ (2010年) A: Yes, I dont. B: I dont think so. C: No, I wont. D: Sorry, I wouldnt.,.,会话技能的综合运用,-How did you find your visit to the museum, Eddie? -_. (2010年) A: I went there all by m

43、yself. B: Oh, wonderful, indeed. C: My friend showed me there. D: By taking a No. 2 bus.,语法部分讲解,名词 代词 冠词和数词 形容词和副词 连词 句子的种类 从句 倒装,动词 动词的时态 动词的语态 情态动词 虚拟语气 动名词 动词不定式 分词 独立主格 主谓一致,1.名词,名词可以分为专有名词（Proper Nouns）和普通名词 (Common Nouns），专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing，China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book，sa

44、dness等。普通名词又可分为下面四类： 1）个体名词（Individual Nouns）：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：gun。 2）集体名词（Collective Nouns）：表示若干个个体组成的集合体，如：family。 3）物质名词（Material Nouns）：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：air。 4）抽象名词（Abstract Nouns）：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：work。个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词（Countable Nouns），物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算，称为不可数名词（Uncountable Nouns）。归纳一下，名

45、词的分类可以下图表示：,_|专有名词 | 名 | | 个体名词 | | | 可数名词| | | 集体名词 | |普通名词 | | 词 | | 物质名词 | | | 不可数名词| | 抽象名词 | |,1.1名词复数的规则变化,_情况 构成方法 读音 例词_一般情况加 -s 1.清辅音后读/s/; map-maps 2.浊辅音和元音后 bag-bags读 /z/;car-cars_ 以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的词加 -es 读 /iz/ bus-buses watch-watches_以ce,se,ze,(d)ge等结尾的词 加 -s读 /iz/ license-licenses_以辅音字母+y

46、 变y 为i结尾的词 再加es 读 /z/ baby-babies_,1.2其它名词复数的规则变化,1) 以y结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数： 如：two Marys the Henrys monkey-monkeysholiday-holidays比较： 层楼：storey -storeys story-stories 2) 以o 结尾的名词，变复数时：a. 加s，如： photo-photospiano-pianos radio-radioszoo-zoos； b. 加es，如：potato-potatoestomato-tomatoesc. 均可，如：

47、zero-zeros / zeroes 3) 以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时： a. 加s，如： belief-beliefsroof-roofs safe-safes gulf-gulfs；b. 去f,fe 加ves，如：half-halvesknife-knivesleaf-leaveswolf-wolveswife-wiveslife-livesthief-thieves；c. 均可,如：handkerchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieves,1.3名词复数的不规则变化,1）child-childrenfoot-feettooth-teethmouse-

48、miceman-men woman-women 注意：与 man 和 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。如： an Englishman，two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。2）单复同形如：deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese li，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin但除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如:a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two mete

49、rs,3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。如： peoplepolicecattle 等本身就是复数，不能说 a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说a person，a policeman，a head of cattle, the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。如： The Chinese are industries and brave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。 4）以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如： a. maths，politi

50、cs，physics等学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数。 b. news 是不可数名词。 c. the United States，the United Nations 应视为单数。The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。 d. 以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。The Arabian Nights is a very interesting story-book. 是一本非常有趣的故事书。,5) 表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses (眼镜)trousers,clothes 若表达具体数目，要

51、借助数量词 pair(对，双);suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers6） 另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，如：goods货物，waters水域，fishes（各种）鱼,1.4 不可数名词量的表示,1）物质名词a. 当物质名词转化为个体名词时。 比较：Cake is a kind of food.蛋糕是一种食物。 (不可数)These cakes are sweet.这些蛋糕很好吃。 (可数)b. 当物质名词表示该物质的种类时，名词可数。This factory produces steel.(不可数)We need

52、various steels.(可数),c. 当物质名词表示份数时，可数。Our country is famous for tea. 我国因茶叶而闻名。Two teas, please.请来两杯茶。2） 抽象名词有时也可数。four freedoms 四大自由 the four modernizations四个现代化物质名词和抽象名词可以借助单位词表一定的数量。如：a glass of water 一杯水a piece of advice一条建议,1.5定语名词的复数,名词作定语一般用单数，但也有以下例外。1) 用复数作定语。 如：sports meeting 运动会 students re

53、ading-room 学生阅览室 talks table 谈判桌 the foreign languages department 外语系 2) man, woman, gentleman等作定语时，其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。 如：men workerswomen teachers gentlemen officials,3) 有些原有s结尾的名词，作定语时，s保留。 如：goods train (货车) arms produce武器生产 customs papers 海关文件 clothes brush衣刷4) 数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式。 如：two-dozen

54、 eggs两打/（二十四个鸡蛋) a ten-mile walk 十里路 two-hundred trees 两百棵树 a five-year plan.一个五年计划,1.6不同国家的人的单复数,名称 总称(谓语用复数）一个人 两个人中国人the Chinesea Chinese two Chinese瑞士人the Swissa Swiss two Swiss澳大利亚人theantwoAustraliansAustralianAustralians 俄国人the Russiansa Russiantwo Russians意大利人the Italiansan Italian two Italia

55、ns希腊人the Greek a Greektwo Greeks法国人the Frencha Frenchmantwo Frenchmen日本人the Japanesea Japanese two Japanese美国人the Americansan Americantwo Americans印度人the Indiansan Indian two Indians加拿大人the Canadiansa Canadian two Canadians德国人the Germansa Germantwo Germans英国人the Englishan Englishmantwo Englishmen瑞典人

56、the Swedisha Swedetwo Swedes,1.7名词的格,在英语中有些名词可以加s来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格，如：a teachers book。名词所有格的规则如下：1） 单数名词词尾加s，复数名词词尾没有s，也要加s，如the boys bag 男孩的书包，mens room 男厕所。2） 若名词已有复数词尾-s ，只加，如：the workers struggle工人的斗争。3） 凡不能加s的名词，都可以用名词+of +名词的结构来表示所有关系，如：the title of the song 歌的名字。4） 在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，

57、名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词，如：the barbers 理发店。5） 如果两个名词并列，并且分别有s，则表示分别有；只有一个s，则表示共有。 如：Johns and Marys room（两间）John and Marys room（一间）6） 复合名词或短语，s 加在最后一个词的词尾。 如：a month or twos absence,名词属格和of-词组的区别,1） 表示事物类别或属性，只能用名词属格，childrens pictorial，mens clothing 2）习语中，有些只能有属格，有些只能用of-词组，at ones wits end，a wolf in sheeps clothing，in lifes struggle；the income of the rich， the struggle of the exploited 3）表示同位关系时，只能用of-词组，the city of Rome,2. 代词,代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词