杜瑞瑞英语高考试题分析及复习策略讲座.ppt

1、,近年高考试题分析及高考应对策略,黑龙江省实验中学 杜瑞瑞,教学大纲 考试大纲 课本/教材 考试说明 新课程标准 高考试题,一、考纲解读及剖析,1、近几年考纲对比，没有变化, 预示着整体保持平稳。,2、考纲中的考试内容范围和语言能力要求,语言知识 要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题(见附录1附录5)，要求词汇量为3500左右。(注：各省区可以根据本地实际情况在考试说明中对词汇量进行适当调整，但不得低于2000个单词;同时，应制订计划，在一定时间内分期、分批增加至3500个单词。) （世界各国和地区很多都要求学生高中毕业要掌握5000左右的词汇 eg.AFS

2、Boston）,语言运用(4、6、2）1）听力要求考生听懂有关日常生活中所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。考生应能：1）理解主旨和要义 2）获取事实性的具体信息3）对所听内容作出简单推断 4）理解说话者的意图、观点和态度,2）阅读 要求考生读懂公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。考生应能： （1）理解主旨和要义 （2）理解文中具体信息,（3）根据上下文推断生词的词义 （4）做出简单判断和推理 （5）理解文章的基本结构 （6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度,3) 写作 要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。考生应能： (1）准确使用语法和词汇 (2）使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地表达自

3、己的意思,1)词汇要求应该是3500，（不得少于2000，可以逐步增加到3500）词汇量增加。旧词新用，一词多用，前后缀、合成等词增加。,3、考纲解密,2)在听力和阅读中，考纲都把“理解主旨和要义”放在了首位，这说明“突出语篇，强调应用，注重交际”仍是高考考查的重点。,3）考纲要求有简单推理和理解作者意图的能力，这说明高考除考查学生语篇整体解读能力外，还考查学生的推理分析能力。,not only read _the lines but also read _the lines,b,b,4)在语法部分，虚拟语气在考查范围之列。,2013 全国卷（新课标II) 6. Since nobody ga

4、ve him any help, he _have done the research on his own. A. can B. must C. would D. need,2013 安徽卷 28. I _ to my cousins birthday party last night, but I was not available. A. went B. had gone C. would go D. would have gone,2011全国高考江苏卷34题 -I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to

5、 a railway official. -How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone _ it. will have stolen B. might have stolen C.should have stolenD.must have stolen,二、近几年高考各题型特点和考点分析,(一）听力 难度稳定没有大的变化， 选材多是日常交际场景。,1. 语速：146wpm，词数：866词。 2. 语音：美音 3. 录音人：Kris, Laura 4. 题型稳定，难度合适。试题中交际情景真实，选材内容丰富，能够充分利用听力材料设置问题，试题设

6、计形式多样，考查考生获取信息，判断推理、归纳主旨大意、理解作者意图等能力，选材情景真实，难易试题比例比较合理。,（二）、单选 单选题命题原则为：语言必须放在实际的、具体的交际情景中运用；考核的焦点在于是否达到了交际目的。,侧重主干知识的考查，例如动词（动词时态和语态，动词短语，情态动词，非谓语动词等）和复合句（名词性从句，状语从句，定语从句等）。,-Where did you first meet your boyfriend? -It was in the department store _ he worked. which B. that C. where D. what,近两年高考单选

7、题的特点： 1）题不难，但更贴近日常生活实际。 例如：2011全国II卷6题 -Did you forget about my birthday? -_Ive booked a table at Michels restaurant for this evening. What then? B. Im afraid so. C. How could I? D. For sure,又如：2011年全国I卷21题 -We could invite John and Barbara to the Friday night party. -Yes, _? Ill give them a call ri

8、ght now. A.why not B. what for C. why D. what,2) 语法考查和交际运用结合在一起 例如：2011年全国I卷24题 I wasnt sure if he was really interested or if he _ polite. was just being B. will just be C. had just been D. would just be,3)语言知识的考查和情境理解 融合在一起 例如：2011年全国II卷11题 I got this bicycle for _. My friend gave it to me when sh

9、e bought a new one. everything B. something C. anything D. nothing,又如：2011年全国I卷26题 I can _ the house being untidy, but I hate it if its not clean. come up with B. put up with C. turn to D. stick to,3、完形填空,年份 体裁 正文词数 2008 记叙文 237 2009 记叙文 259 2010 记叙文 296 记叙文 225 说明文 225 记叙文,2011年全国卷高考完型特点： 1.选项中没有出现

10、代词、冠词、介词、副词小品词，也没有出现从句的关联词等； 2.没有单独考查语法的选项，也几乎没有再考查类似于单项填空题的题。将着眼点放到了篇章上，重点考查上下文的意义关系，其次考查了词语的搭配和用法上。,2012年完形填空考查点 名词共8道题 37 42 43 44 46 50 53 54 动词包括非谓语动词用法共5道题 38 47 49 51 55 形容词和副词共6道题 36 39 48 52 40 41 介词短语1道题 45,4、阅读理解 1）近年阅读理解题的特点： 阅读理解的题材和体裁保持多样化的态势，语言材料新、来源广、语言地道、真实，兼具新颖性、教育性、可靠性和可读性。阅读材料多数来

11、源于最新的国外书报时文。,A 篇应用文-四座博物馆 B 篇说明文-一种找到蜂蜜的鸟 C 篇记叙文-群众演员 D 篇科普说明文- 过度学习 两篇说明文，一篇记叙文，一篇应用文，阅读第二节任务型阅读七选五E 篇是说明文，介绍抗击压力的一些方法。,2012年阅读理解文章类型：,2）阅读值得注意的突出特点是在题型设计上，细节考查题居多。题型设置：重点是细节加分析的题，并不是单纯的文章细节的考查,3)不注释汉语，但不太影响学生对考试内容的理解的生词有所增加。 A篇 porch C篇economy D篇contact/ CV (curriculum vitae) E篇cashier/ generic 20

12、11年阅读理解注释汉语词语,2012 年高考阅读注释汉义词汇 A篇 signings puppet B篇 beehives C篇 film-studio contrast D篇 multiplication tablets cramming E 篇solve temporary,5、短文改错 命题涉及的语言错误覆盖面广，错误类型主要集中在以下几个方面：动词；名词单复数；句子结构是否完整，句子成分是否残缺，关系词是否恰当；固定结构；冠词、代词、连词；易混淆的词或词组等。,6、书面表达 写作越来越要求地道。要求准确使用语法、词汇，正确使用句型，意思连贯、清楚，表意明确。多用精彩、地道、语法结构复杂

13、的好句子。,三、高考复习总体思路 依托教材但不拘泥于教材，整合知识系统 （专项训练、综合训练） 结合高考但不局限于高考，落实应试技能 （专题训练、模拟训练） 强化专项但不沉迷于题海，突破试卷难关 （精细阅读、提升写作）,案头必备： 考纲词汇表；作文范例； 错题分析本； 英汉词典； (也有建议准备高考原题的，视情况而定。）,四、应对策略 1、目前复习中需要克服的怪现象 十多十少：讲说多，习练少；知识多，能力少；语法多，交际少；背记多，应用少；套题多，活题少；课内多，课外少；做题多，反思少；传统多，创新少；付出多，收获少；烦恼多，快乐少。,2、听力策略及教学建议 * 重视听力训练 * 坚持长期训练

14、 * 选择激发学生兴趣的听 力材料 * 适当给予答题技巧的指导,单项填空： 单项填空涉及知识面广，试题灵活多变，对每个试题要仔细审题，并掌握一定的技巧，才能得到较好的分数：做单项选择要注意：关注语境，把握整体；英汉差异，思维定势；句子结构， 连词标点；词语辨析，熟词新意。,1）把握语境法： 要以语境为切入点， 认真思考，仔细分析， 选择最佳。,2） 巧用结构法 a 结构分析法 例如：The professor could tell by the _ look in Marias eyes that she didnt understand a single word of his lectur

15、e. A. cold B. blank C. innocent D. fresh,b 结构简化法： 例如：Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, _， of course, made all the others upset. A. who B. which C. what D. that,c 结构补全法： It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine. _, wed better take it to the garage immediately. Oth

16、erwise B. If not C. But for that D. If so,3) 分析意群法 例如： It is not always easy for the public to see_ use a new invention can be of to human life. A. whose B. what C. which D. that,4)找关键词法： 例如： It _ be the postman at the door. Its only six oclock. mustnt B. cant C. wont D. neednt,完形填空的解题要点 词析境配,Across

17、 the room, ten steps away ,the door is open. Ten seconds of flying time and this small creature could reach the outside world it _45_. With only a small effort now being _46_, it could be free of this self-set trap. The breakthrough possibility is there. It would be so easy. 45.A. dreams B. thinks o

18、f C. misses D. longs for 46.A.done B. owned C. wasted D. planned,阅读理解 1）平时阅读注意广度、密度、难度、深度 英语高考题以语篇为中心， “阅读理解题”是中心的中心。,2）阅读材料的选择: FOUR CHAIR(S)-,3）突破十大理解难点-长句、词义、连词、替代、后置、非谓语、省略、跳跃、否定、虚拟，可采取专项训练的方式，逐一突破。,Everyone who watched her work hard to be the best she could be realized how much more they can ge

19、t out themselves.,4）客观地阅读分析 要理解作者意图，不要过多参杂个人观点，把自己放在作者的立场上，深入理解，冷静分析。,5）培养阅读技巧 快速阅读，准确获取信息； 理解、判断、推理等能力； 注意根据上下文判断词义； 一直读下去，不要不时回读；一目十行，扩大眼距； 心读、默读，不要出声读。,猜测词义： 1.利用定义或解释 （definition or explanation) 2.利用常识和经验 (common sense or experience) 3.利用同义词或同位语(similarity or appositive) 4.利用举例 (from examples) 5

20、.利用比较或对比 (comparison or contrast) 6.利用构词法 (word formation) 7.利用同义词或反义词 (synonym or antonym) 8.利用原因与结果关系 (from cause and result) 9.利用上下文语境 (context or related information）,2012年高考A篇阅读 58.What does “hands-on science” mean in the last paragraph? Science games designed by kids. Learning science by doing

21、 things. A show of kids science work. Reading science books. 根据该段Theyll keep your child mentally and physically active the whole day through while pushing buttons, experimenting, and building.可知答案是B, 通过动手来学习科学知识。 61. What do the words “the follower” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A bee. B. A bird C. A hon

22、ey seeker D. A beekeeper 根据划线词前passing animals and people 或the curious animal or person, 这些动物或人都是来找蜂蜜的，故C项正确。,阅读七选五出题依据： 依据考试说明对该题型命题目的的表述“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。”,阅读理解七选五解题技巧 通读全文，注意标题。 分段阅读，理清结构。 比较选项，关注关键词。 结合语境，排除干扰项。,短文改错解题关键 词法、句法（语法）、语境 词法：1.动词 2.名词 3.代词 4.冠词 5.形容词和副词 6.介词 句法：1.句子成分

23、是否残缺或重复（连词，非谓语） 2.主谓一致 3.词组搭配 语境：1.肯定或否定 2.转折或并列 3.代词单复数,改错解题步骤:读-判-改-查 读-通读全文,了解大意; 判-判断对错,做出记号; 改-改正错误,谨慎下笔; 查-再读文章,改后顺畅.,书面表达- 厚 积 薄 发,书面表达常用基本句型： 1、主+系+表（主+be/seem/look/sound/smell/stand/lie） Im Li Hua, a student in Sichuan. Ive been a panda lover since I was a child. shes going to be there. ( N

24、MET2008 全国I 卷) 2、主+谓 ( 主 +vi. fall, listen, cry) The old man fell with a cry. The car didnt stop but drove off at great speed heading west.(NMET 2000),3、主+谓+宾 ( 主+ vt.+ n.) Sulin and her parents are living a happy and healthy life in the US. (NMET 2008 全国 I卷) 4、主+谓+间宾+直宾 (tell /want /wish/ask/ buy/g

25、ive) Id like to wish her a happy birthday and to express my thanks to you for your hard work (NMET2008 全国I 卷) 5、主+谓+宾+宾补Ive been watching her grow on your website.（NMET2008 全国I 卷）,He stayed up last night, so he came to school late. He came to school late because he stayed up late last night. He miss

26、ed the bus, so he came to school late. He missed the bus, but he didnt miss the first class. He missed the bus, or he wouldnt have missed the first class.,五、课堂点滴渗透复习策略,1、短文直接填空，不设选项，尽量选取上下文逻辑性强的段落，培养学生从上下文中找线索，整体理解。-这里主要体现新课程标准中要求的认知策略,The Olympic Games will be h_ in our country in four years time.

27、As a great m_ people will be v_ the country, the g_ will be building new hotels, an immense s_, and a new Olympic-standard swimming pool. They will also be building new roads and special r_ line. The Games will be held just outside the capital and the whole a_ will be called “Olympic City.” Workers

28、will have c_ the new roads by the end of this year. B_ the end of next year, they will have f_ work on the new stadium. The fantastic modern buildings have been d_ by Kurt Gunter. Everybody will be watching a_ （eagerly）as the new buildings go up. We are all very e_ and looking forward to the Olympic

29、 Games because they have never been held b_ in this country. Keys:Held/ many/ visiting/ government/ stadium/ railway/ area/ completed / By / finished / designed / anxiously / excited / before,2、利用英文歌曲训练-这里主要体现了资源策略,Bryan Adams _ I am this is me Theres no where else on _ Id _ be Here I am its just _

30、and you And _ we make our _come true Its a new _ its a new _ Its alive with the _ of young _ Its a new day it s a new plan Ive been _ for you,Here I am Here we are weve just _ And _ all this time our time has come Ya here we are still going _ Right here in the place where we _ Its a new world its a

31、new _ Its alive with the _ of young _ Its a new day it s a new plan Ive been waiting for you,Many nights we _ With no _ anyone could hearIn our hearts a hopeful songWe barely understoodNow we are not afraidAlthough we know there is much to _We were moving mountains longBefore we knew we could,There can be _When you believeThough hope is frailIt is hard to killWho knows what miraclesYou can