专业英语葡萄梗总结.ppt

1、专业英语葡萄梗总结,Example one,原句：Clinical and experimental data have shown that physical activity can decrease seizure frequency, as well as lead to improve cardiovascular health in patients with epilepsy. 译：临床和实验数据表明：体育活动可以减少癫痫患者的发作频率，也可增进他们心血管的健康。 葡萄梗：Clinical and experimental data have shown that can dec

2、rease , as well as lead to improve in patients with . 译：临床和实验数据表明：可以减少患者的也可增进,e.g. Clinical and experimental data have shown that insulin can decrease blood glucose levels , as well as lead to improve the function of the central nervous system in patients with diabetes. 译：临床和实验数据表明：胰岛素可以降低糖尿病患者的血糖水平

3、，也可以增进他们中枢神经系统的功能。,Example two,原句：We have to keep in mind that preventative measures other than medical and surgical therapies could be much more useful in the prevention of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy. 译：我们必须牢记：在防止癫痫猝死中，预防措施比医疗和手术疗法更加有用。 葡萄梗：We have to keep in mind that other than could be

4、much more useful in 译：我们必须牢记：在中，比更加有用。,e.g. We have to keep in mind that sometimes sleep health education other than drug therapy could be much more useful in treating insomnia. 译：我们必须牢记：在治疗失眠时，有时睡眠卫生教育比药物治疗更加有用。,Example three,原句：Some studies have been aimed to study the relationship between epileps

5、y and exercise by comparing physical and social activities among persons with epilepsy based on questionnaires. 译：一些研究旨在探究癫痫病和体育锻炼的关系，它们以调查问卷的形式，通过比较不同癫痫病患者的体育和社交活动来实现。 葡萄梗：Some studies have been aimed to study the relationship between by comparing based on 译：一些研究旨在探究，它们以的形式，通过比较来实现。,e.g. Some studi

6、es have been aimed to study the relationship between cerebraltrauma and epilepsy by comparing the history of illness among persons with epilepsy based on questionnaires. 译：一些研究旨在探究癫痫病和脑外伤的关系，它们以调查问卷的形式，通过比较不同癫痫病患者的病史来实现。,Example four,原句：To explore the effect of evidence-based nursing on quality of l

7、ife in patients with post-stroke depression. 译：探讨循证护理对脑卒中后抑郁( PSD) 患者生活质量的影响。 葡萄梗：To explore the effect of on quality of life in patients with 译：探讨对患者生活质量的影响。 e.g. To explore the effect of rehabilitation on quality of life in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage. 译：探讨康复治疗对脑出血患者生活质量的影响。,Example fiv

8、e,原句：The study, published in the journal Neurology, found no significant changes in cognitive function identified in the newly menopausal women taking hormone therapy compared to the placebo group. 译：发表在神经学杂志的这个研究通过对最近绝经妇女激素治疗组和安慰剂组比较，发现认知力没有明显的改变。 葡萄梗：The study, published in found（ no ）significant

9、changes inidentified in compared to the placebo group. 译：发表在的这个研究通过对和安慰剂组比较，发现（没有）明显改变。,e.g. The study, published in the journal Neurology, found sinificant changes in symptom identified in the patients taking Chinese medical therapy compared to the placebo group. 译：发表在神经学杂志的这个研究通过对中医治疗组和安慰剂组比较，发现其症

10、状有明显的改变。,Example six,原句：A recent study suggested that people in their forties with belly fat have an increased risk of dementia later in life. 译：最近的一项调查显示四十多岁有大肚腩的人们在晚年的时候更容易患上老年痴呆症。 葡萄梗：A recent study suggested that people with have an increased risk of in life. 译：最近的一项调查显示的人们更容易患上。,e.g. A recent s

11、tudy suggested that people with cerebraltrauma have an increased risk of epilepsy in life. 译：最近的一项调查显示有脑外伤的人更容易患上癫痫。,Example seven,原句：Both active and passive smoking may increase the risks of stroke,and the risks of stroke may decrease after smoking cessation,even no significant difference with non-

12、smokers. 译：主动吸烟和被动吸烟均会增高卒中风险，而戒断后卒中风险可能会降低，甚至与非吸烟者无显著差异。 葡萄梗： may increase the risks of ,and the risks of may decrease after ,even no significant difference with 译：会增加的风险，后风险会降低，甚至与无显著差异。,e.g. Thymoma may increase the risks of myasthenia gravis ,and the risks of myasthenia gravis may decrease after

13、thymus tissue resection ,even no significant difference with nomal people. 译：胸腺瘤会增加重症肌无力的风险，而胸腺切除后患重症肌无力的风险可能会降低，甚至与正常人无显著差异。,Example eight,原句：Researchers found treatment with lisinopril reduced a number of inflammation markers that accompany multiple sclerosis without affecting overall immune funct

14、ion. 译：研究者们发现赖诺普利治疗可以减少由多发性硬化症引发的炎症，且该治疗并不影响机体的免疫功能。 葡萄梗：Researchers found treatment with reduced a number of inflammation markers that accompany 译：研究者们发现治疗可以减少由引发的炎症，且该治疗并不影响机体的免疫功能。,e.g. Researchers found treatment with methylprednisolone reduced a number of inflammation markers that accompany neu

15、romyelitis optica. 译：研究者们发现甲泼尼龙治疗可以减少由视神经脊髓炎引发的炎症。,Example nine,原句：The viewpoint that MS is an autoimmune disease is derived primarily from studies on an experimental animal model. 译：多发性硬化症是一种自身免疫性疾病的观点，主要来自一个实验性动物模型的研究。 葡萄梗： The viewpoint that is is derived primarily from studies on an experimental

16、 animal model. 译：是的观点，主要来自实验性动物模型的研究。,e.g. The viewpoint that MG is an autoimmune disease is derived primarily from studies on an experimental animal model. 译：重症肌无力是一种自身免疫性疾病的观点，主要来自一个实验性动物模型的研究。,Example ten,原句：Recently，in order to improve understanding of performance deficits induced by Sleep depri

17、vation，neuropsychophysiologic methods，such as quantitative electroencephalogram analysis and event-related potential(ERPs)，have been used to examine brain functions 葡萄梗： Recently，in order to improve understanding of ， have been used to 译：最近，为了进一步了解，已经被用于,e.g. Recently，in order to improve understandi

18、ng of the mechanism of multiple sclerosis ，molecular biotechnology have been used. 最近，为了进一步了解多发性硬化的发病机制，已经应用了分子生物学技术。,Example eleven,原句：While the cause of Alzheimers disease has not been fully understood,genetics plays a role in the onset of the disease. 译：尽管阿尔茨海默病的起因不十分清楚，但是遗传因素在疾病的起始阶段起了很大作用。 葡萄梗：

19、While the cause of has not been fully understood, plays a role in the onset of the disease. 译：尽管的起因不十分清楚，但是在疾病的起始阶段起了很大作用。,e.g. While the cause of multiple sclerosis has not been fully understood,the infection of virus plays a role in the onset of the disease. 译：尽管多发性硬化的起因不十分清楚，但是病毒感染在疾病的起始阶段起了很大作用。

20、,Example twelve,原句：Collecting information indirectly associated with Alzheimers disease such as environmental factors will be even more difficult but crucial to understand and prevent the disease. 葡萄梗：Collecting information indirectly associated with will be even more difficult but crucial to 译：不断集与

21、有关的信息将会变得更困难，但这对起着关键性的作用。,e.g. Collecting information indirectly associated with multiple sclerosis will be even more difficult but crucial to understand and prevent the disease. 译：不断收集与多发性硬化有关的信息将会变得更困难，但这对进一步了解及预防这种疾病上起着关键性的作用。,Example thirteen,原句：In addition to protein degradation，the ubiquitin-p

22、roteasome system also plays important roles in diverse physiological functions and pathogenesis in many diseases 译：除了蛋白质降解,泛素蛋白酶体系统也在各种生理功能和许多疾病的发病机制中起重要作用。 葡萄梗： In addition to ， also plays important roles in and 译：除了，也在和中起重要作用。,e.g. In addition to diagnosis of disease ，the family history also plays

23、 important roles in the treatment and prevention of many diseases. 译：除了诊断疾病，询问家族史也在许多疾病的治疗和预防中起重要作用。,Example fourteen,原句：Due to its irreversible nature，proteolysis is ideally suited for regulating unidirectional pathways such as cell cycle progression or differentiation. 由于其不可逆的性质,蛋白水解特别适用于调节如细胞周期进程

24、或分化这样的单向通路。 葡萄梗: Due to its ，is ideally suited for such as 译：由于其，特别适用于如这样的,e.g. Due to its Immune adjustment effect，glucocorticoid is ideally suited for demyelinative disease such as multiple sclerosis. 译：由于其免疫调节作用，糖皮质激素特别适用于如多发性硬化这样的中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病。,Example fifteen,原句：All these studies have led to the

25、emerging realization that this mode of covalent conjugation has a key role in regulating a broad array of cellular processes. 译：所有这些研究给了我们新的领悟：这种共价结合模式在调节一系列广泛的细胞变化过程中起着关键性的作用。 葡萄梗： All these studies have led to the emerging realization that has a key role in 译：所有这些研究给了我们新的领悟：在中起着关键性作用。,e.g. All the

26、se studies have led to the emerging realization that molecular biotechnology has a key role in understanding the mechanism of some disease. 译：所有这些研究给了我们新的领悟：分子生物学技术在了解一些疾病的发病机制中起着关键性作用。,Example sixteen,原句：Traditionally,migraine is thought to occur due to a spasm in one or more cerebral arteries,whic

27、h leads hyperperfusion. 译：传统观点认为：偏头痛是由一个或多个脑血管痉挛引起的，这导致了血液的过度灌流。 葡萄梗：Traditionally, is thought to occur due to ,which leads 译:传统观点认为：是由引起的，这导致了,e.g. Traditionally,myasthenia gravis is thought to occur due to an immune-mediated decrease in the number of functioning acetylcholine receptor,which leads

28、a variable block of neuromuscular transmission. 译：传统观点认为：重症肌无力是由免疫介导的功能性乙酰胆碱能受体数目减少引起的，这导致了神经肌肉传递阻滞。,Example seventeen,原句：All the clinical phenomena and symptoms appear to be linked to female hormones，suggesting that estrogen fluctuation may be matched with the cycle of migraine. 译：看起来所有的临床现象和症状均与雌激

29、素有关，这表明雌激素波动可能与偏头痛的周期相匹配。 葡萄梗：All the clinical phenomena and symptoms appear to be linked to ，suggesting that may be matched with . 译：看起来所有的临床现象和症状均与有关，这表明可能与相匹配。,e.g. All the clinical phenomena and symptoms appear to be linked to an abnormal neuronal discharge，suggesting that an abnormal neuronal d

30、ischarge may be matched with recurrent seizures. 看起来所有的临床现象和症状均与脑神经元的异常放电有关，这表明脑神经元的异常放电可能与痫性发作的周期相匹配。,Example eighteen,原句：In addition,migraine attacks can be induced by oral contraceptives，which further support this hypothesis. 译：此外，口服避孕药可以诱发偏头痛，这进一步支持了这一假说。 葡萄梗： In addition,can be induced by ，whic

31、h further support this hypothesis. 译：此外，可以诱发，这进一步支持了这一假说。,In addition, seizures can be induced by mental stimulation，which further support this hypothesis. 译：此外，精神刺激可以诱发痫性发作，这进一步支持了这一假说。,Example nineteen,原句：To investigate the efficacy of systemic hemoperfusion adsorption in rabit with experimental a

32、utoimmune myasthenia gravis. 译：观察全血灌流免疫吸附治疗兔实验性自身免疫性重症肌无力的疗效。 葡萄梗： To investigate the efficacy of in rabit with experimental . 译：观察治疗兔实验性的疗效。,e.g. To investigate the efficacy of the whole blood immunoadsorption in rabit with experimental autoimmunity neuritis( EAN). 译：观察全血灌流免疫吸附法治疗兔实验性自身免疫性神经炎的疗效。,E

33、xample twenty,原句：Systemic hemoperfusion adsorption could remove pathogenic antibodies in EAMG effectively,and improve clinical manifestation and neuromuscular function. 译：全血灌流吸附治疗能够有效地移除实验性自身免疫性重症肌无力患者体内的致病性抗体，并改善其临床表现和神经肌肉的功能。 葡萄梗： could remove pathogenic antibodies in effectively,and improve clini

34、cal manifestation . 译：能够有效地移除的致病性抗体，并改善其临床表现。,e.g. The whole blood immunoadsorption could remove pathogenic antibodies in experimental autoimmunity neuritis effectively,and improve clinical manifestation . 译：全血灌流吸附治疗能够有效地移除实验性自身免疫性神经炎患者体内的致病性抗体，并改善其临床表现。,Example twenty-one,原句：Nevertheless，although t

35、his model can better explain the complexity of migraine inheritance，it is still a scientific hypothesis 译：不过，尽管这个模型能很好的解释偏头痛遗传的复杂性，它仍旧只是一个科学假说。 葡萄梗： Nevertheless，although this model can better explain the ，it is still a scientific hypothesis. 译：不过，尽管这个模型能很好的解释，它仍旧只是一个科学假说。,e.g. Nevertheless，although

36、 this model can better explain the pathogenesis of autoimmune myasthenia gravis ，it is still a scientific hypothesis. 译：不过尽管这个模型能很好的解释重症肌无力的发病机制，它仍旧只是一个科学假说。,Example twenty-two,原句：Despite recent advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying secondary dystroglycanopathies, it r

37、emains unclear whether dystroglycan （肌营养不良蛋白聚糖）is the only target of these enzymes. 葡萄梗：Despite recent advances in our understanding of , it remains unclear whether is 译：尽管我们在了解时取得了一定的进展，是否仍不是很清楚。,e.g. Despite recent advances in our understanding of the migraine inheritance, it remains unclear wheth

38、er migraine is Completely genetic. 译：尽管我们在了解偏头痛遗传复杂性时取得了一定的进展，是否其完全具有遗传性仍不是很清楚。,Example twenty-three,原句：As expected on the basis of its mechanism of action, fingolimod treatment led to a reduction in circulating lymphocytes of approximately 70% in the present study. 译：正如我们基于其作用机制预想的那样，现在的研究证实：芬戈莫德治疗

39、可使大约70%的循环淋巴细胞减少。 葡萄梗：As expected on the basis of its mechanism of action, led to in the present study. 译:正如我们基于其作用机制预想的那样，现在的研究证实：可使。,e.g. As expected on the basis of its mechanism of action, prednisone treatment led to a injection of approximately 30% in the present study. 译：正如我们基于其作用机制预想的那样，现在的研究

40、证实：泼尼松治疗可导致大约30%的感染发生。,Example twenty-four,原句：Fingolimod was infrequently associated with macular edema, which resolved with discontinuation of the drug. 译：芬戈莫德偶尔引发黄斑水肿，停药后可自愈。 葡萄梗： was infrequently associated with , which resolved with discontinuation of the drug. 译：偶尔引发，停药后可自愈。,e.g. Captopril was

41、infrequently associated with dry cough, which resolved with discontinuation of the drug. 译：卡托普利偶尔可引发干咳，停药后可自愈。,Example twenty-five,原句：In September 2005, alemtuzumab therapy was suspended after immune thrombocytopenic purpura developed in three patients, one of whom died. 译：2005年九月，阿仑单抗免疫诱导治疗被叫停，因在接受

42、其治疗后有三名患者患上了免疫性血小板减少性紫癜，其中一人死亡。 葡萄梗：In , therapy was suspended after developed in patients. 译：在，治疗被叫停，因在接受其治疗后有名患者患上了,e.g. In December 2010, dextropropoxyphene therapy was suspended after Serious heart disease developed in ten patients, two of whom died. 译：2010年12月，右丙氧芬治疗被叫停，因在接受其治疗后有10名患者患上了严重的心脏病，

43、其中两人死亡。,Example twenty-six,原句：In patients with early, relapsingremitting multiple sclerosis, alemtuzumab was more effective than interferon beta-1a but was associated with autoimmunity. 译：在复发缓解型多发性硬化的早期患者中，阿仑单抗免疫诱导治疗比beta-1a干扰素治疗有效，但其与自身免疫有关。 葡萄梗： In patients with , was more effective than but was a

44、ssociated with 译：在患者中，比更有效，但其与有关。,e.g. In patients with serious myasthenia gravis, methylprednisolone was more effective than neostigmine bromide but was associated with immunodepression . 译：在严重的重症肌无力患者中，甲泼尼龙比溴新斯的明更有效，但其与自身免疫抑制有关。,Example twenty-seven,原句：Although increasing genetic knowledge may hel

45、p us clarify the role of certain genes in the development of migraine，it is unlikely to conclude that this disease is only determined by genetic cause. 译：尽管越来越多的遗传学知识帮我们澄清了某些基因在偏头痛中的作用，而得出此病只由遗传决定的观点还是不大可能的。 葡萄梗：Although increasing knowledge may help us clarify the role of in the development of ，it

46、is unlikely to conclude that this disease is only determined by ,译：尽管越来越多的知识帮我们澄清了在中的作用，而得出此病只由的观点还是不大可能的。 e.g. Although increasing knowledge may help us clarify the role of certain genes in the development of epilepsy，it is unlikely to conclude that this disease is only determined by genetic cause.

47、 译：尽管越来越多的知识帮我们澄清了某些基因在癫痫中的作用，而得出此病只由遗传决定的观点还是不大可能的。,Example twenty-eight,原句：Clinicians are well aware that MG patients have to deal with several difficulties in performing daily activities, related to the severity of muscle resistance and strength impairment. 译：临床医师深知：重症肌无力患者必须处理一些日常活动中的困难，这些困难与肌肉抵

48、抗和力量损伤的严重性有关。 葡萄梗：Clinicians are well aware that patients have to deal with several difficulties in , related to 译：临床医师深知：患者必须处理一些困难，这些困难与有关。,e.g. Clinicians are well aware that epileptic patients have to deal with several difficulties in performing daily activities, related to sudden seizure. 译：临床医

49、师深知：癫痫患者必须处理一些日常活动中的困难，这些困难与突然的痫性发作有关。,Example twenty-nine,原句：A relapse was defined as new or worsening symptoms with an objective change in neurologic examination attributable to multiple sclerosis that lasted for at least 48 hours and that were preceded by at least 30 days of clinical stability. 译

50、：复发被定义为新的或恶化的症状 ，由多发性硬化导致的神经系统检查的客观变化需持续至少48个小时并且之前有至少30天的临床稳定期。 葡萄梗：A relapse was defined as new or worsening symptoms with attributable to that 译：复发被定义为新的或恶化的症状，由导致的的应,e.g. A relapse was defined as new or worsening symptoms with objective change in brain CT examination attributable to intracranial

51、 hemorrhage that needed to be taken monthly . 译：复发被定义为新的或恶化的症状 ，脑内出血后需每月进行头CT检查以发现其客观变化。,Example thirty,原句：There were no significant differences between the groups receiving either 12 mg or 24 mg of alemtuzumab on any outcome measure or adverse event. 译：接受12毫克或24毫克的阿仑单抗治疗组在任何观察指标和不良事件方面没有显著差异。 葡萄梗：T

52、here were no significant differences between the groups receiving either or of on any outcome measure or adverse event. 译：接受或的治疗组在任何观察指标和不良事件方面没有显著差异。,e.g. There were no significant differences between the groups receiving either 25 mg or 50 mg of cyclophosphamide on any outcome measure or adverse e

53、vent. 译：接受25毫克或50毫克的环磷酰胺治疗组在任何观察指标和副作用方面没有显著差异。,Example thirty-one,原句：There is insufficient information to draw conclusions regarding the risk of cancer associated with alemtuzumab in this population. 译：并没有充足的信息让我们得出这样的结论：接受阿仑单抗治疗与患癌症的风险有关。 葡萄梗:There is insufficient information to draw conclusions r

54、egarding the risk of associated with in this population. 译：并没有充足的信息让我们得出这样的结论：接受治疗与有关。,e.g. There is insufficient information to draw conclusions regarding the risk of cancer associated with cyclophosphamide in this population. 译：并没有充足的信息让我们得出这样的结论：接受环磷酰胺治疗与患癌症的风险有关。,Example thirty-two,原句：If improve

55、ments in disability after alemtuzumab are sustained, there would be important implications for the management of multiple sclerosis. 译：如果在接受阿仑单抗治疗后残疾症状持续好转，这将对多发性硬化的治疗有重要意义。 葡萄梗：If after are sustained, there would be important implications for the management of . 译：如果在接受治疗后症状持续好转，这将对的治疗有重要意义。,e.g. I

56、f improvements in symptom after Chinese traditional medicine are sustained, there would be important implications for the management of myasthenia gravis . 译：如果在接受中药治疗后患者症状持续好转，这将对重症肌无力的治疗有重要意义。,Example thirty-three,原句：A possible mechanism may be the secretion of neurotrophins by lymphocytes that ar

57、e regenerated after the administration of alemtuzumab. 译：一个可能的机制是：在接受阿仑单抗免疫治疗后再生的淋巴细胞分泌神经营养因子。 葡萄梗：A possible mechanism may be that after the administration of . 译：一个可能的机制是：在接受治疗后,e.g. A possible mechanism may be the suppression of immune system after the administration of glucocorticoid. 译：一个可能的机制是

58、：在接受糖皮质激素治疗后免疫系统被抑制。,Example thirty-four,原句：Surgery for early stages of thymoma can provide a durable remission of disease , on the other hand, the true role of chemoradiotherapy is still a subject of debate. 译：胸腺瘤的早期阶段，手术可以提供一个持久的疾病缓解,另一方面，放化疗的真正作用仍然是一个有争议的问题。 葡萄梗： for can provide a durable remissi

59、on of disease , on the other hand, the true role of is still a subject of debate. 译：可以为提供一个持久的疾病缓解,另一方面，的真正作用仍然是一个有争议的问题。,e.g. Symptomatic treatment for early stages of AD can provide a durable remission of disease , on the other hand, the true role of drugs is still a subject of debate. 译：阿尔茨海默病的早期阶段，对症治疗可以提供一个持久的疾病缓解,另一方面，药物的真正作用仍然是一个有争议的问题。,Example thirty-five,原句：To date the patient is alive, 10 years after the first surgical operation, without any sign of recurrence. 译：十年前，这位病人接受了第一次手术，到目前为止病人仍然活着，并且没有丝毫复发迹象。 葡萄梗：To date the patient is , after the firs