A03 A02 Introduction to….ppt

1、,外资贷款公路项目建设管理实务 Management Practice for Foreign Fund Financed Road Project 亚洲开发银行 Asian Development Bank,亚洲开发银行,ADB (Asian Development Bank),The Asian Development Bank aims for an Asia and Pacific free from poverty.,Since its founding in 1966, ADB has been driven by an inspiration and dedication to

2、improving peoples lives in Asia and the Pacific. By targeting our investments wisely, in partnership with our developing member countries and other stakeholders, we can alleviate poverty and help create a world in which everyone can share in the benefits of sustained and inclusive growth. The main d

3、evices for assistance are loans, grants, policy dialogue, technical assistance and equity investments.,Overview,Whether it be through investment in infrastructure, health care services, financial and public administration systems, or helping nations prepare for the impact of climate change or better

4、 manage their natural resources, ADB is committed to helping developing member countries evolve into thriving, modern economies that are well integrated with each other and the world. Economists, sociologists, engineers, gender experts and environmental scientists are amongst the hundreds of profess

5、ions at the bank working together to reduce poverty, and ensure growth across the Asia and Pacific region is sustainable and inclusive.,Overview,History of ADB,ADB was conceived amid the postwar rehabilitation and reconstruction efforts of the early 1960s. The vision was of a financial institution t

6、hat would be Asian in character and foster economic growth and cooperation in the region - then one of the poorest in the world.,A resolution passed at the first Ministerial Conference on Asian Economic Cooperation held by the United Nations Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East in 1963 set

7、that vision on the way to becoming reality.,The Philippines capital of Manila was chosen to host the new institution - the Asian Development Bank - which opened on 19 December 1966, with 31 members that came together to serve a predominantly agricultural region. Takeshi Watanabe was ADBs first Presi

8、dent.,History of ADB,For the rest of the 1960s, ADB focused much of its assistance on food production and rural development. Its operations included ADBs first technical assistance, loans, including a first on concessional terms in 1969, and bond issue in Germany.,Members,From 31 members at its esta

9、blishment in 1966, ADB has grown to encompass 67 members - of which 48 are from within Asia and the Pacific and 19 outside.,Members,Members,Members,Members,Members,Leading,The ADB offers hard loansfrom ordinary capital resources (OCR) on commercial terms, and the Asian Development Fund (ADF) affilia

10、ted with the ADB extends soft loans from special fund resources with concessional conditions. For OCR, members subscribe capital, including paid-in and callable elements, a 50% paid-in ratio for the initial subscription, 5% for the Third General Capital Increase (GCI) in 1983 and 2% for the Fourth G

11、eneral Capital Increase in 1994. The ADB borrows from international capital markets with its capital as guarantee.,In 2009, ADB obtained member-contributions for its Fifth General Capital Increase of 200%, in response to a call byG20 leaders to increase resources of multilateral development banks so

12、 as to support growth in developing countries amid the global financial crisis. For 2010 and 2011, a 200% GCI allows lending of $12.5 billion to 13 billion in 2010 and about $11 billion in 2011.With this increase, the banks capital base tripled from $55 billion to $165 billion.,Leading,Board of Gove

13、rnors,Article 28 of the ADB Charter vests all the powers of the institution in the Board of Governors, which in turn delegates these powers to the Board of Directors, except for those powers reserved for the Board of Governors in the Charter. The Board of Governors meets formally once a year in ADBs

14、 Annual Meeting.,Annual Meetings of the Board of Governors What is it about Annual meetings are statutory occasions for Governors of ADB members to provide guidance on ADB administrative, financial, and operational directions. The meetings provide opportunities for member governments to interact wit

15、h ADB staff, nongovernment organizations (NGOs), media, and representatives of observer countries, international organizations, academe and the private sector. When is it held Annual meetings are held in a member country in late April or early May. Who participates Participants include finance and e

16、conomic planning ministers senior government officials representatives of the multilateral development bank community investment bankers representatives of nongovernment organizations members of the media,Annual Meetings of the Board of Governors,理事会,亚行宪章第28章规定，机构的一切决策权归为亚行理事会，除宪章中规定必须由理事会执行的权利外，其他由

17、理事会授权给董事会执行。亚行理事会成员每年在亚行年会中正式会晤一次。 亚行最高的决策机构是理事会，一般由各成员国财长或中央银行行长组成，每个成员在亚行有正、副理事各一名。亚行理事会每年召开一次会议，通称年会。理事会的主要职责是：接纳新会员；改变注册资本；选举董事或行长；修改章程。,Board of Directors,The 12 members of the Board of Directors are elected by the Board of Governors. Eight of those 12 are elected by member countries from withi

18、n the Asia Pacific region, and the four others are elected by member countries from outside the region. Each Director appoints an Alternate. The President of ADB chairs the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors performs its duties full time at the ADB headquarters in Manila, Philippines, and ho

19、lds formal and executive sessions regularly. The Directors supervise ADBs financial statements, approve its administrative budget, and review and approve all policy documents and all loan, equity, and technical assistance operations.,董事会,亚行理事会选举产生董事会的12名董事。其中8名董事由亚太地区的成员体选举产生，另外4名由亚太地区以外的成员体选举产生。67个

20、成员中，日本、美国和中国三大股东国是单独选取区，各自派出自己的董事和副董事。其它成员组成9个多国选取区，董事和副董事一职由选区内不同成同根据股份大小分别派出或轮流排出。每位董事任命一名副董事。亚行行长兼任董事会主席。 董事会在位于菲律宾马尼拉的亚行总部全职履行工作，定期主持召开正式会议和执行会议。董事对亚行的财务报告进行监督管理、核准管理预算、复核并批准所有的政策文件和全部贷款、股权和技术援助项目。,President,The Board of Governors also elect the banksPresidentwho is the chairperson of the Board

21、of Directors and manages ADB. The president has a term of office lasting five years, and may be reelected. Traditionally, and becauseJapanis one of the largest shareholders of the bank, the president has always been Japanese.,行长,亚行行长即董事会主席，并在董事会的领导下开展亚行的各项业务。 行长负责根据董事会制定的规章制度组织、任命和解雇官员和职员。行长由理事会选举产生

22、，任期五年，可连任。 同时行长还是亚行的法定代理人。 以行长为首的管理层包括六名副行长和一名管理总干事， 负责监督管理亚行业务部门、行政部门和知识部门的工作。,Management,Difficult to see clearly but it is complicated.,Voting Power,Subscribed capital refers to a members subscription to shares of the capital stock of ADB. The total voting power of each member consists of the sum

23、 of its basic votes and proportional votes. The basic votes of each member consist of such number of votes as results from the equal distribution among all members of 20% of the aggregate sum of the basic votes and proportional votes of all members. The number of proportional votes of each member is equal to the number of shares of th