Home Decoration 明清家具的英文介绍.ppt

1、,Ming Furniture,The Furniture in the Ming Dynasty generally refers to the furniture from the Ming Dynasty to the early Qing Dynasty with good materials, fine craftsmanship, and beautiful design.,Throne-shaped Dressing Table,The dressing table has five drawers, with the surfaces embossed With folding

2、 flowers.,The armrests and the back of the throne are clothed with carved designs like phoenixes turning back and hornless dragons looking up, which encircled and support the bronze mirror at its center.,Folding Armchair with Curved Back,A curved back was popular in folding armchairs of the Ming Dyn

3、asty. The armrest and joints are all clothed and clinched with copper ornaments that add to its firmness. It was likely made in the second half of the Ming Dynasty.,Making full use of the natural characteristics of the hard wood, the Ming dynasty style furniture is characterized by the simple design

4、, precise structure, proper decoration and elegant textures, which constitutes its natural and lingering charm with elegance and profundity. Therefore the furniture made in later generations with the above characteristics is referred as “Ming Style Furniture” in general.,Due to its profound cultural

5、 value, the furniture in the Ming Dynasty is attached with great importance in Chinas craftwork history along with the lacquer works in the Qin and Han Dynasty and the gold and silver ware in the Tang Dynasty.,Qing-style Furniture,Qing-style furniture, different from Ming-style furniture, emerged at

6、 the early period of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing dynasty and matured at the late years of his reign, with a time span of about 40 or 50 years.,The Qing style furniture is noted for being profound and solemn. It is featured by its extensive use of materials, increased sizes and plump post

7、ures, rich variety and diversity. The furniture can be decorated with ivory carving, bamboo carving and lacquer carving and embedded with patterns made of wood, bamboo, stone, china, mother-of-pearl. The decorative patterns use various homophonic names of auspicious words. For example, Ruyi Jade (玉如

8、意) inserted in a treasure bottle means Safety and Fortune; the combination of magpies and plum blossoms represent Eye Twinkle with Joy.,Duobaoge (Treasure Box),Duobaoge is a kind of furniture that emerged and flourished in the Qing Dynasty. It is simple and,unsophisticated, elegant and pretty-lookin

9、g in style, concise, natural and vivid in structure, lucid and smooth in lines.,Duobaoge is universally acclaimed as one of the furniture types that possess the strongest feature of the Qing Dynasty furniture.,Qing chairs used to be known by the ambiguous term taishiyi. The taishiyi is defined diffe

10、rently in various regions and at different dates.,Chinese Ming and Qing Furniture,Chinese Ming furniture is known for its simple and elegant design with fluent lines and appealing proportions. Qing furniture is larger than that of the Ming Dynasty and more imposing, with elaborate carving and inlaid

11、 decoration. Both types are prized for their fine materials, special workmanship and high artistic level.,Home Decorations,Pottery,Lacquer ware Cloisonne ware,Pottery,Pottery may be the oldest artwork of human beings,Development:,Neolithic Age (more than 8,000 years ago), people began mixing clay an

12、d water then baking it until it held its shape,Warring States Periods Han Dynasty, the art and culture of pottery thrived.,Terra-cotta warriors and horses,characters: The Qin terra-cotta warriors and horses were not only big in size, but made exquisitely with high technology and vivid images The hei

13、ght of the terra-cotta warriors varies from 1.78 metres being the shortest to 1.97 metres being the tallest The lightest is 110 kilograms and the heaviest 300 kilograms,Yellow, green, and white as its major tones Created in the Northern and Southern Dynasty (1,400 years ago) The best one: pottery ca

14、mel,Tricolor glazed pottery,Assimilated the advantages of Chinese painting, sculpture and stone carving. Two process: bake, glaze. Mainly divided into pottery tomb-figures and daily commodities,唐三彩抱狗仕女甬,Porcelain,This is a typical representative of the primitive porcelain. The vessel has a bell-shap

15、ed mouth, long belly and thin waist, with a curl foot and without shoulder.,primitive porcelain,The body of the vessel is solid, regular designed with even thickness. Blackish yellow glaze coated the vessel both inside and outside. The glaze is closely connected with the roughcast(毛坯) of the vessel.

16、 Light gray roughcast can be seen at the bottom of the vessel, for no glaze coated there. The decoration lines on the outer surface of the vessel are plain but elegant. This celadon vessel is collected by the Shanghai Museum.,Celadon Plate,Celadon Cup,Celadon(青瓷) , is a type of grayish-green glaze,

17、is the earliest type of porcelain and first emerged in the mid-Shang Dynasty 3500 years ago.,Celadon Pendants,Pure White Porcelain,汝窑天蓝桃形小盘,汝窑遗址,A body of sky-blue interspersed with rose purple.,天青釉瓷盏托,钧窑遗址,钧窑莲花型,官窑遗址 官窑名壶,It was made from Chinese clay with a fairly high iron content.,哥窑百福瓶,哥窑四面双耳扁瓶

18、,It is featured by crackles of varying sizes on the vessels surface.,定窑遗址,宋定窑-极品-玉壶春瓶,Differences between pottery and porcelain,There are many kinds of painted pottery in a wide range of China: Type Banpo in shanxi province in Yangshao Culture(仰韶文化时期的半坡型) Type Miaodigou in Henan province in Longshan

19、 Culture(龙山文化时期的庙地沟型） Qujialing Culture , Dawenkou Culture(屈家岭文化，大汶口文化时期） Tri-colored glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty (唐朝的唐三彩）,Painted Pottery 彩陶,半坡型,庙地沟型,屈家岭型,大汶口型,唐三彩,Differences between pottery and porcelain,Lacquer Ware 漆器,Lacquerware are objects decoratively covered with lacquer. The lacquer

20、 is sometimes inlaid or carved. Lacquerware includes boxes, tableware, buttons and even coffins painted with lacquer in cultures mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.,Lacquer ware is created by applying lacquer to wooden objects to give it a fine finish and luster. Evidence indicates that, originally, l

21、acquering was used to coat common objects like furniture, and personal items like earrings and combs. This type of lacquering was more functional in nature, as the lacquer added sturdiness and smoothness to the objects.,Early pieces were in simple red and black. During the Warring States Period (476

22、 BC - 221 BC) to the Han Dynasty (206 BC - 220), lacquer ware popularity peaked demonstrating exquisite techniques and vivid patterns such as animals and clouds.,Lacquer and producing lacquerware had been known to the Chinese since at least the Shang Dynasty (c. 1600 BC c. 1046 BC) era in China. Thi

23、s can be seen in the existing lacquerwares produced, mostly of ritual cups, dishes, and wooden boxes with a lacquer finish across the surface. Song Dynasty Lacquerware Tray,These are Chinese Western Han (202 BC - 9 AD) era lacquerwares and lacquer tray unearthed from the 2nd-century-BC Han Tomb No.1

24、 at Mawangdui, Changsha, China in 1972. Overall Height: 5cm; Length: 78cm; Width: 48cm.,Lacquer relics excavated in the Mawangdui Han Tombs which have a history of over 2,000 years, amaze visitors with their pearl-like sheen. The Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties were also prosperous periods during whic

25、h time more than 400 varieties of lacquer ware were used as common implements and as ornaments.,Chinese Mother of Pearl Lacquer Box with Peony DecorMing Dynasty, 16th Century Museum fr Lackkunst, Mnster (Germany),Chinese Mother of Pearl Lacquer Box with Peony DecorMing Dynasty, 16th Century Museum f

26、r Lackkunst, Mnster (Germany),Graved Red Lacquer BoxQing Dynasty Museum fr Angewandte Kunst, Frankfurt am Main (Germany),Lacquer box with children, from Qianlong period, Qing Dynasty, 1736-1795, from National Museum of China, Beijing, PRC.,Beijing lacquer,Chengdu lacquer,Yangzhou lacquer,Pieces made

27、 in Yangzhou are famous for their elegance and delicacy and the unique creative technique - whorl filling (Dianluo in Chinese) which takes shells as material, processes them into sheets as thin as cicada wings, and pastes them carefully onto lacquer bodies.,Fuzhou Lacquer,Fuzhou lacquer wares, firm

28、yet lightweight, are resistant to heat, acid, alkali and electricity.,With this process, people even inset treasures like crystal, jade, pearls and coral onto lacquer furniture, tea wares, and writing brushes. Pingyao, an ancient town in Shanxi Province, produces lacquer ware which features the lust

29、er polished by craftsmens palms. This simple but radiant artwork ranks as the most refined.,The bodiless lacquer ware,of three nested coffins that fit one into the other. All sides (except the bottom) are decorated with 72 interlaced serpentine dragons and an equal number of mythical bird creatures. (From the Hubei Provincial Museum).,A Chinese lacquered coffin from the ancient State of Chu, dated to the 4th century BC. This coffin is actually the innermost coffin,Cloisonne is a famous traditional enamel (珐琅, 瓷釉) ware, known as the Blue of