2012年全国高考(陕西卷)英语试题及答案

1、.2012 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（陕西卷）英语第一部分 : 英语知识运用（共四节 , 满分 55 分）第一节语音知识 ( 共 5 小题 ; 每小题 1 分 , 满分5 分 )从每小题的a、 b、c、 d 四个选项中 , 找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。1. regarda. designb. gentlec. colleged. forget2. refusea. discussb. rudec. focusd. excuse3. chargea. toothacheb. machinec searchd. christian4. fiel

2、da. quietb. piecec. friendd. experience5. tapesa. potatoesb. speechesc. cakesd. bridges第二节情景对话 ( 共 5 小題 ; 每小题 1 分，满分5 分 )根据对话情景和内容，从对话后所给的选项中选出能填人每一空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有两个为多余选项。repairman: good afternoon.6customer:hello. my mobile phone isnt working. could you repair, pleaserepairman:7customer:i

3、t worked well yesterday, but i simply couldnt tum it on thismorning.repairman:8customer:here you are.repairman:well ， i think we， 11 be able to fix it. you can pick it up thisfriday.;.customer:oh, no. thats too long. 9 i need it as soon aspossible.repairman:10what time?customer:let me see. how about

4、 wednesday afternoon?repairman:after five oclockcustomer:ok. thank you.a. that s great.b. i beg your pardon?c. let me have a look.d. what s the problem?e. pm sorry to hear that.f. what can i do for you?g. i wonder if you could fix it earlier.第三节语法和词汇知识（共15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）从每小题的、四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳

5、选项，并填在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。11 an agreement seems to be impossiblebecause the majorityof the committeemembersare _ it.a . againstb. forc .tod. with12.the basketballcoach,as wellas histeam , _interviewedshortlyafterthematch for their outstanding performance.a. wereb. wasc. isd. are13. no matter where he is, he

6、makes _a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.a. himb thisc. thatd. it14. it is the third time that she has won the race, _ has surprised us all.a. thatb. wherec.whichd. what15._ in a long queue, we waited for the store to open to buy a new ipad .a. standingb. to standc. stoodd. stand16. i m sorry

7、 for being late. i should have phoned you earlier.-_. i ve just arrived.a. that s no troubleb. you are welcomec. that s all rightd. you can never tell;.17. ifmay car _more reliable,i would have drivento lhasa insteadof flyinglast summer.a. wasb. had beenc. should bed. would be18. hot _the night air

8、was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.a. althoughb. asc. whiled. however19. he had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the air-conditioning system _.a. broke inb. broke upc. broke outd. broke down20. as many five courses are provided

9、, and you are free to choose _ suits you best.a whateverb. whicheverc. wheneverd. wherever21. the trip shouldn t take more than an hour. _.tt is at least two hours.a. i guess sob. thats itc. you must be jokingd. it depeds22.if he takes on this work, he will have no choice but _ an even greaterchalle

10、nge.a. meetsb. meetingc. meetd. to meet23.i_ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away fromhome.a. won tb. cantc. cand. will24. can i call you back at two o clock this afternoon? i m sorry, but by then i_ to beijing. how about five?a. flyb. will flyc. will be flyingd. am flyi

11、ng25. allthe photographsin thisbook, _ statedotherwise,date from the 1950s.a. unlessb. untilc. onced. if第四节完形填空（共20 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的a、 b、 c、d 四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。;.one sunny afternoon,a seven-year-oldgirlwentfora walk.she crosseda largearea of grassland into the wood

12、s _26_ she realized that she was lost.sitting on a rock and _27_ what to do, she began crying. after a while.she_28_ to walk along a wide path lined with tall trees and thick bushes. _29_it was getting dark, she saw a small, dark wooden house. she opened the door and_30_ stepped in. suddenly, she he

13、ard a strange noise, and she ran out the doorand back to the _31_. cold and tired, she fell asleep near a _32_.the girl s parentswere outand herdog,laddy,was athome. laddy _33_ thathismistrees（女主人） was indanger. he jumped _34_ a window,breakingtheglass.he lookedinthefields.but he couldn tfindhismist

14、ressanywhere. however, fromthe ground came a _35_ scent (气味 ) as he lowered his head. he _36_ the scentand walkedacrossthegrassland.barking_37_ intotheair,thedog _38_ throughthe woods until he found the_39_ . but the girl was not there, sohe headed backtothewoods. much tohis_40_ , he saw his mistres

15、s blueshirt in thedistance.he _41_ over some bushes and saw the little stream, where the girl was _42_.when she opened her eyes and43her dog standing beside her, the girl said,“you44me, laddy,” and she kissed him several times. seeing their daughterand dog coming back, the parents burst into tears o

16、f45. that night laddyhad a heror s supper: a huge meal of steak26.a. beforeb. sincec. whiled. as27.a. wonderingb. forgettingc. rememberingd. regretting28.a. preferredb. expectedc. failedd. decided29.a. whenb. untilc. ifd. because30.a. carelesslyb. cautiouslyc. hopelesslyd. unwillingly31.a. treesb. b

17、ushesc. woodsd. grasses32.a. streamb. rockc. treed. house33.a. foundb. sensedc. heardd. smelt34.a. atb. throughc. ind. onto35.a. terribleb. strangec. pleasantd. familiar36.a. missedb. discoveredc. followedd. ignored;.37.a. calmlyb. loudlyc. merrilyd. gently38.a. searchedb. wanderedc. lookedd. travel

18、led39.a.windowb. girlc. housed. hero40.a. satisfactionb. disappointmentc. embarrassmentd. delight41.a. jumpedb. climbedc. walkedd. flew42.a. awakeb. abandonedc. availabled. asleep43.a. spottedb. watchedc. observedd. saw44.a. disturbedb. comfortedc. rescuedd. scared45.a. painb. shockc. sorrowd.relief

19、第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40 分）第一节（共15 小题；毎小题2 分，满分30 分）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的a、 b、 c、 d四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答題卡上将该选项涂黑。awhat bringsa nationtogether?of the fourchoices sharedvalues,language,history,and religion,it s shared values. in our latest poll (民意调査 ), sevenoutof16 countrieschose valuesas thegreatestfactor( 因索） br

20、inging a nation together, and six preferredlanguage.bothchoicesscoredhighin thepoll,suggestingthatourvaluesand how we expressthem arecloselylinked still,history was notforgotteninsomecountries, particularly in mexico and russia. evencanada and the united states chosenationalhistoriesasthesecond-most

21、importantfactorunitingtheirpeople. the biggest surprise? not one country picked religion as its top choice.;.respect your eldersinmostcountries,theoldestgenerationconsideredvaluesmore importantto anation than did those who are under 45 years old.do you speak canadian? language scored lower incanada

22、than in all other countries polled, perhapsbecause the countryspeakstwoofficiallanguages,french and english.church and statemost people polled do not connect their religious beliefs to their nationalpride.religionrankedlast in 13 countries with france scoring it at 1%, the lowest of all.46. accordin

23、g to the poll, what was the most important factor in bringing a nation together?a. language.b. values.c. history.d. religion.47.in which country did language score the lowest in their national pride?a. canada.b. mexico.c. france.d. america.48.according to the charts, shared values and language were

24、considered equallyimportant in.a. australiab. brazilc. chinad. indiabthree boys and a dadbrad closed the door slowly as sue left home to visit her mother. expectinga whole day to relax, he was thinking whether to read the newspaper or watch hisfavourite tv talk show on his first day off in months.“t

25、his will be like a walkin the park, ” he d toldhiswife.“ i lllook afterthe kids,and you can go visityour mom. ”things started well, but just after eight o clock, his three little“ goodkids ” mike, randy, and alex came down the stairs in their night clothes and;.shouted“ breakfast, daddy.” when food

26、had not appeared within thirty seconds,randy began using his spoon on alex s head as if it were a drum. alex started toshout loudlyin time to the beat （节拍） . mike chanted“ where s my toast,where smy toast ” in the background. brad realized his newspaper would have to wait fora few seconds.life becam

27、e worse after breakfast. mike wore randys underwear on his head.randy lockedhimselfin thebathroom,whilealex shouted againbecause he was goingto wet his pants. nobody could find clean socks, although they were before theirvery eyes. someone named“not me” had spilled a whole glass oforange juice intot

28、he basket of clean clothes. brad knew the talk show had already started.by ten o clock, things were out of control. alex was wondering why the fish in the jar refused his bread and butter. mike was trying to show off his talent bydecorating the kitchen wall with his colour pencils. randy, thankfully

29、, appearedto be readingquietlyin the familyroom， but closerexaminationshowed thathe waseating apple jam straight from the bottle with his hands. brad realised that thetalk show was over and reading would be impossible.at exactly 11:17, brad called the daycare centre (日托所） . “ i suddenly haveto go in

30、to work and my wife s away. can i bring the boys over in a few minutes?”the answer was obviously“ yes ” because brad was smiling.49. when his wife left home. brad expected to.a. go out for a walk in the parkb. watch tv talk show with his childrenc. enjoy his first day off workd. read the newspaper t

31、o his children50. which of the following did randy do?a. drawing on the wallb. eating apple jamc. feeding the fish.d. reading in a room51.why did brad ask the daycare centre for help?a. because he wanted to clean up his house.b. because he suddenly had to go to his office;.c. because he found it har

32、d to manage his boys home.d. because he had to take his wife back52. this text is developed.a. by spaceb. by comparisonc. by processd. by timeceating too much fatty food, exercising too little and smoking can raise yourfutureriskof heartdisease.but thereisanotherfactorthatcan cause your heartproblem

33、s more immediately: the air you breathe.previous studies have linked high exposure (暴露） to environmental pollutionto an increasedriskof heartproblem,but two analysesnow show thatpoor airqualitycan lead to heart attack or stroke (中风） within as little as a few hours afterexposure. in one review of the

34、 research, scientists found that people exposed tohighlevelsofpollutants( 污染物） were up to5%more likelyto suffera heartattackwithindaysof exposurethan those with lowerexposure. a separate study of strokepatientsshowed that even airthatthe u. s. environmentalprotectionagency (epa)considers to be of“ m

35、oderate ” ( 良好） quality and relatively safe for our healthcan raise the risk of stroke as much as 34% within 12 to 14 hours of exposure.the authors of both studies stress that these risks are relatively small forhealthypeopleand certainlymodest compared withotherriskfactorssuch as smokingand highblo

36、odpressure.however, itisimportantto be aware of thesedangersbecauseeveryone is exposed to air pollution regardless of lifestyle choices. so stricterregulationbythe epa ofpollutantsmay not onlyimprove environmentalairqualitybut could also become necessary to protect public health.53. the text mainly

37、discusses the relationship between.a. heart problems and air qualityb. heart problems and exercisingc. heart problems and smokingd. heart problems and fatty food54.the underlined word“modest” in paragraph 3 most probably means.a. relatively highb. extremely lowc. relatively lowd. extremely high53. w

38、hat can we learn from the text?;.a. eating fatty food has immediate effects on your heart.b. the epa conducted many studies on air quality.c. moderate air quality is more harmful than smoking,d. stricter regulations on pollutants should be made.56.the author s purpose of writing the text is most lik

39、ely to.a. informb. persuadec. described. entertaindspring is coming, and it is time for those about to graduate to look for jobs.competitionis tough,so job seekers must carefullyconsidertheirpersonalchoices.whatever we are wearing， our family and friends may accept us, but the workplacemay not.a hig

40、h school newspaper editor said it is unfair for companies to discouragevisible tattoos (纹身） nose rings, or certain dress styles. it is true you cant judgea book by its cover, yet people do“cover ” themselves in order to convey( 传递 )certain messages. what we wear, including tattoos and nose rings, is

41、 anexpressionof who we are.just as peopleconveymessages about themselveswith theirappearances? so do companies. dress standards existin the business world for anumber of reasons, but the main concern is often about what customers accept.othersmay say how todressis a matterofpersonalfreedom,but forbu

42、sinessesit is more about whether to make or lose money. most employers do care about thepersonal appearances of their employees (雇员 ),because those people represent thecompanies to their customers.as a hiring manager i am paid to choose the people who would make the bestimpression on our customers.

43、there are plenty of well-qualified candidates, so itis not wrong to reject someone who might disappoint my customers. even though i amopen- minded, i can t expect all our customers are.thereis nobody to blame butyourselfifyourset of choicesdoes notmatch thatof yourpreferredemployer. no company shoul

44、dhave tochange tosatisfya candidatesimplycause he orshe is unwillingto respectitsstandards, as long as itsstandardsare legal.;.57. which of the followingis the newspaper editor opinionaccordingto paragraph2?a. people s appearances carry messages about themselves.b. customers choices influence dress

45、standards in companies.c. candidates with tattoos or nose rings should be fairly treated.d. strange dress styles should not be encouraged in the workplace.58. what can be inferred from the text?a. candidates have to wear what companies prefer for an interview.b. what to wear is not a matter of perso

46、nal choice for companies.c. companies sometimes have to change to respect their candidates.d. hiring managers make the best impression on their candidates.59. which of the following would be the best title for the text?a. employees matterb. personal choices matterc. appearances matterd. hiring manag

47、ers matter60.the author s attitude towards strange dress styles in the workplace may bestbe described as.a. enthusiasticb. negativec positived. sympathetic第二节（共5 小题；毎小题2 分，满分10 分）根据短文内容，从下框的a f 选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。a. be well-organised.b. close with a q & a.c. dont be contradic

48、tory.d. bring it to a specific ende. speak slowly and pause.f. drop unnecessary wordsspeaking to a group can be difficult, but listening to a bad speech is trulya tiresome taskespecially when the speaker is confusing. dont want to confuseyour audience? follow these suggestions:;.61.ewhen itcomes to

49、understandingnew information,the human brainneeds a littletime. first, we hear the words; then, we compare the new information to what wealreadyknow. ifthe two are different,we need to pause and think.but a breathlessspeaker never stops to letus thinkabout what he or she is sayingand risksconfusingus. slow it62.csometimes we allstart a sentence one wayand then switch directions, which isvery difficultto follow.whenyou the audienceconfuseyour listenerswithopposinginformation,you leavethe audiencewonderingwhat partof the information