建筑行业术语

1、.buildingma terialwords湿球温度 wet bulb temperature电气室 electrical roomand phrases干球温度 dry bulb temperature控制室 control room建筑材料词汇及短语冰冻期 frost period工长室 foreman office1. architecture建筑专业冰冻线 frost line开关柜室 switch geara. design basis设计依据冰冻区 frost zone前室 antecabinet (ante.)计划建议书planning proposals室外计算温度calcu

2、latingoutdoor生产区 production area设计任务书design ordertemperature马达控制中心mcc标准规范 standards and codes采 暖 地 区regionwithheating多功能用房utility room条件图 information drawingprovision化验室 laboratory room设计基础资料 basic data for design不采暖地区regionwithoutheating经理室 manager room工艺流程图process flowchartprovision披 屋 (阁楼 ) penth

3、ouse p工程地质资料 engineering geological绝 对 大 气 压 absolute atmospheric警卫室 guard housedatapressure原始资料original data相对湿度 relative humiditye. roofing and ceiling设计进度schedule of design屋面及天棚d. general room name女儿墙 parapetb. stage of design 设计阶段常用房间名称雨蓬 canopy png方案 scheme, draft办公室 office屋脊 roof ridge j 草图 sk

4、etch服务用房 service room坡度 slope会谈纪要 summary of discussion换班室 shift room坡跨比 pitch谈判 negotiation休息室 rest room (break room)分水线 water-shed可行性研究feasibility study起居室 living room二毡三油 2 layers of felt &3 coats初步设计preliminary design浴室 bathroomof bitumastic基础设计basic design淋浴间 shower附加油毡一层extra ply of felt详细设计de

5、tail design更衣室 locker room檐口 eave yn询价图 enquiry drawing厕所 lavatory挑檐 overhanging eave施工图 working drawing,门厅 lobby檐沟 eave gutterconstruction drawing诊室 clinic zh n平屋面 flat roof竣工图 as built drawing工作间 workshop坡屋面 pitched roof电气开关室switchroom雨 水 管 downspout, rainwaterc.climatecondition气象条件走廊 corridorpipe

6、)(r.w.p)档案室 archive汇水面积 catchment area日照 sunshine电梯机房 lift motor room泛水 flashing风玫瑰 wind rose车库 garage k内排水 interior drainage主导风向prevailing wind direction清洁间 cleaning room外排水 exterior drainage最大 (平均 )风速会议室 (正式 ) conference room滴水 dripmaximum (mean) wind velocity会议室 meeting room屋面排水 roof drainage风荷载

7、wind load衣柜间 ward robe找平层 leveling course最大 (平均 )降雨量暖风间 h.v .a.c room卷材屋面 built-up roofingmaximum(mean) rainfall雷击及闪饭店 restaurant天棚 ceiling电 thunder and lightning餐厅 canteen, dining room檩条 purlin飓风 hurricane厨房 kitchen屋面板 roofing board台风 typhoon入口 entrance天花板 ceiling board旋风 cyclone接待处 reception area防

8、水层 water-proof course降雨强度 rainfall intensity会计室 accountant room检查孔 inspection hole年降雨量annual rainfall秘书室 secretary room人孔 manhole.吊顶 suspended ceiling, false ceiling素土夯实 rammed earth木 (钢 )门 wooden (steel) door檐板 (窗帘盒 ) cornice炉渣夯实 tamped cinder镶板门 panelled door填土 filled earth夹板门 plywood doorf. wall

9、(cladding)回填土夯实tamped backfill铝合金门 aluminum alloy door墙体 (外墙板 )垫层 bedding course, blinding卷帘门 roller shutter door砖墙 brick wall面层 covering, finish弹簧门 swing door砌块墙 block wall结合层 bonding (binding) course推拉门 sliding door清 水 砖 墙 brickwallwithout找平层 leveling course平开门 side-hung doorplastering素水泥浆结合层折叠门 f

10、olding door抹灰墙 rendered wallneat cement binding course旋转门 revolving door石 膏 板 墙gypsumboard,plaster混凝土地面concrete floor玻璃门 glazed doorboard水泥地面 cement floor密闭门 air-tight door空心砖墙hollow brick wall机器磨平混凝土地面保温门 thermal insulating door承重墙 bearing wallmachine trowelled concrete floor镀锌铁丝网门 galvanized steel

11、 wire非承重墙non-bearing wall水磨石地面terrazzo flooringmesh door纵墙 longitudinal wall马赛克地面mosaic flooring防火门 fire door横墙 transverse wall瓷砖地面 ceramic tile flooring(大门上的 )小门 wicket外墙 external (exterior) wall油地毡地面linoleum flooring门框 door frame内墙 internal (interior) wall预制水磨石地面 precastterrazzo门扇 door leaf填充墙 fil

12、ler wallflooring门洞 door opening防火墙 fire wall硬 木 花 地 面hard-woodparquet结构开洞 structural opening窗间墙 wall between windowflooring单扇门 single door空心墙 cavity wall搁栅 joist双扇门 double door压顶 coping硬 木 毛 地 面hard-woodrough疏散门 emergency door圈梁 gird, girt, girthflooring纱门 screen door玻璃隔断glazed wall企口板地面tongued andg

13、rooved门槛 door sill防潮层 damp-proof course (d.p.c)flooring门过梁 door lintel遮阳板 sunshade防酸地面 acid-resistant floor上冒头 top rail阳台 balcony钢筋混凝土楼板下冒头 bottom rail伸缩缝 expansion jointreinforcedconcrete slab (r.c门边木 stile沉降缝 settlement jointslab)门樘侧料 side jumb抗震缝 seismic joint乙烯基地面vinyl flooring槽口 notch复合夹心板sandw

14、ich board水磨石嵌条 divider strip for terrazzo木窗 wooden window压 型 单 板corrugated single steel地面做 2坡 floor with 2% slope钢窗 steel windowplate集水沟 gully铝合金窗 aluminum alloy window外墙板 cladding panel集水口 gulley百叶窗 (通风为主 ) sun-bind, louver复合板 composite panel排水沟 drainage trench(louver, shutter, blind)轻质隔断light-weig

15、ht partition沟盖板 trench cover塑钢窗 plastic steel window牛腿 bracket活动盖板 removable cover plate空腹钢窗 hollow steel window砖烟囱 brick chimney集水坑 sump pit固定窗 fixed window勒脚 (基座 ) plinth孔翻边 hole up stand平开窗 side-hung window电缆沟 cable trench推拉窗 sliding windowg. floor and trench气窗 transom地面及地沟h.doors,glass,windows&上

16、悬窗 top-hung window地坪 gradeironmongery(hardw are)中悬窗 center-pivoted window地面和楼面ground and floor门、玻璃、窗及五金件下悬窗 hopper window.活动百叶窗adjustable louver楼梯 stair地板砖 flooring tile天窗 skylight楼梯间 staircase马赛克 mosaic老虎窗 dormer window疏散梯 emergency stair陶粒混凝土ceramsite concrete密封双层玻璃sealed double glazing旋转梯 spiral

17、stair (circular stair)琉璃瓦 glazed tile钢筋混凝土过梁reinforcedconcrete吊车梯 crane ladder脊瓦 ridge tilelintel直爬梯 vertical ladder石棉瓦 asbestos tile (shingle)钢筋砖过梁reinforced brick lintel踏步 step波形石棉水泥瓦 corrugated asbestos窗扇 casement sash扇形踏步 winder (wheel step)cement sheet窗台 window sill踏步板 tread窗台板 window board档步板

18、riser? lime, sand and stone 灰、砂和石窗中梃 mullion踏步宽度 tread width石膏 gypsum窗横木 mutin防滑条 non-slip insert (strips)大理石 marble窗边木 stile栏杆 railing (balustrade)汉白玉 white marble压缝条 cover mould平台栏杆 platform railing花岗岩 granite窗帘盒 curtain box吊装孔栏杆 railing around mounting碎石 crushed stone合页 (铰链 ) hinge (butts)hole毛石

19、rubble转轴 pivot扶手 handrail蛭石 vermiculite长脚铰链parliament hinge梯段高度 height of flight珍珠岩 pearlite闭门器 door closer防 护 梯 笼 protecting cage (safety水磨石 terrazzo地弹簧 floor closercage)卵石 cobble插销 bolt平台 landing (platform)砾石 gravel门锁 door lock操作平台 operating platform粗砂 course sand拉手 pull装 卸平 台 platform for loading

20、 &中砂 medium sand链条 chainunloading细砂 fine sand门钩 door hanger楼梯平台 stair landing碰球 ball latch客梯 passenger lift? cement, mortar and concrete窗钩 window catch货梯 goods lift水泥、砂浆和混凝土暗插销 insert bolt客 /货两用梯 goods/passenger lift波特兰水泥 (普通硅酸盐水泥 )电动开关器electric opener液压电梯 hydraulic liftportland cement平板玻璃plate glas

21、s自动扶梯 escalator硅酸盐水泥silicate cement夹丝玻璃wire glass观光电梯 observation elevator火山灰水泥pozzolana cement透明玻璃clear glass电梯机房 lift mortar room白水泥 white cement毛 玻 璃 ( 磨 砂 玻 璃 ) groundglass电梯坑 lift pit水泥砂浆 cement mortar(frosted glass)电梯井道 lift shaft石灰砂浆 lime mortar防弹玻璃bullet-proof glass水 泥 石 灰 砂 浆 ( 混 合 砂 浆 )石英玻

22、璃quartz glassj. building ma terial wordscement-lime mortar吸热玻璃heat absorbing glassand phrases保温砂浆 thermal mortar磨光玻璃polished glass建筑材料词汇及短语防水砂浆 water-proof mortar着色玻璃pigmented glass耐酸砂浆 acid-resistant mortar玻璃瓦 glass tile? bricks and tiles 砖和瓦耐碱砂浆 alkaline-resistant mortar玻璃砖 glass block红砖 red brick

23、沥青砂浆 bituminous mortar有机玻璃organic glass粘土砖 clay brick纸 筋 灰 paper strip mixed lime瓷砖 glazed brick (ceramic tile)mortari. staircase,landing&lift防火砖 fire brick麻刀灰 hemp cut lime mortar(elevator)空心砖 hollow brick灰缝 mortar joint楼梯、休息平台及电梯面砖 facing brick素混凝土 plain concrete.钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete红松 red pin

24、e不锈钢 stainless steel轻质混凝土lightweight concrete白松 white pine竹节钢筋 corrugated steel bar细石混凝土fine aggregate concrete落叶松 deciduous pine变形钢筋 deformed bar沥青混凝土asphalt concrete云杉 spruce光圆钢筋 plain round bar泡沫混凝土foamed concrete柏木 cypress钢板 steel plate炉渣混凝土cinder concrete白杨 white poplar薄钢板 thin steel plate桦木 bi

25、rch低碳钢 low carbon steelfacing and plastering materials 饰冷杉 fir冷弯 cold bending面及粉刷材料栎木 oak钢管 steel pipe (tube)水刷石 granitic plaster榴木 willow无缝钢管 seamless steel pipe斩假石 artificial stone榆木 elm焊接钢管 welded steel pipe刷浆 lime wash杉木 cedar黑铁管 iron pipe可赛银 casein柚木 teak镀锌钢管 galvanized steel pipe大白浆 white wash

26、樟木 camphor wood铸铁 cast iron麻刀灰打底hemp cuts and lime as防腐处理的木材 preservative-treated生铁 pig ironbaselumber熟铁 wrought iron喷大白浆两道sprayed twice with胶合板 plywood镀锌铁皮 galvanized steel sheetwhite wash三 (五 )合板 3(5)-plywood镀锌铁丝 galvanized steel wire分 格 抹 水 泥 砂 浆 cement mortar企口板 tongued and groovedboard钢丝网 steel

27、 wire meshplaster sectioned层夹板 laminated plank多孔金属网expanded metal板条抹灰lath and plaster胶 合 层 夹 木 材glue-laminated锰钢 managanese steellumber高强度合金钢highstrength alloy? asphalt(bitumen) and asbestos 沥纤维板 fiber-boardsteel青和石棉竹子 bamboo沥青卷材asphalt felt? non-ferrous metal有色金属沥青填料asphalt filler? metallic materia

28、ls 金属材料金 gold沥青胶泥asphalt grout黑色金属 ferrous metal白金 platinum冷底子油adhesive bitumen primer圆钢 steelbbar铜 copper沥青玛啼脂asphaltic mastic方钢 square steel黄铜 brass沥青麻丝bitumastic oakum扁钢 steel atrap青铜 bronze石棉板 asbestos sheet型钢 steel section (shape)银 silver石棉纤维asbestos fiber槽钢 channel铝 aluminum角钢 angle steel铅 lea

29、d? timber 木材等边角钢 equal-leg angle裂缝 crack不等边角钢 unequal-leg angle? anti -corrosion materials 防腐蚀材透裂 split工字钢 i-beam料环裂 shake宽翼缘工字钢 wide flange i-beam聚乙烯 polythene, polyethylene干缩 shrinkage丁 ( 之 )字钢 t-bar (z-bar)尼龙 nylon翘曲 warping冷 弯 薄 壁 型 钢lightgauge聚氯乙烯 pvc (polyvinyl chloride)原木 logcold-formed steel

30、 shape聚碳酸酯 polycarbonate圆木 round timber热轧 hot-rolled聚苯乙烯 polystyrene方木 square timber冷轧 cold-rolled丙烯酸树酯acrylic resin板材 plank冷拉 cold-drawn乙烯基酯 vinyl ester木条 batten冷压 cold-pressed橡胶内衬 rubber lining板条 lath合金钢 alloy steel氯丁橡胶 neoprene木板 board钛合金 titanium alloy沥青漆 bitumen paint.环氧树脂漆epoxy resin paint土木 c

31、ivil防腐 anti-corrosion氧化锌底漆zinc oxide primer给 排 水 watersupply and防潮 dump-proof防锈漆 anti-rust paintdrainage防水 water-proof耐酸漆 acid-resistant paint总图 plot plan防尘 dust-proof耐碱漆 alkali-resistant paint采暖通风 h.v .a.c(heating 、防锈 rust-proof水玻璃 sodium silicateventilation and air conditioning)车流量 traffic volume树

32、脂砂浆resin-bonded mortar电力供应 electric power supply货流量 freight traffic volume环氧树脂epoxy resin电气照明 electric lighting人流量 pedestrian volume电讯 telecommunication透视图 perspective drawing? building hardware 建筑五金仪表 instrument建筑模型building model钉子 nails热力供应 heat power supply螺纹屋面钉spiral-threaded roofing动力 mechanica

33、l power? architectural physics 建筑物nail工艺 process technology理环纹石膏板钉 annular-ring gypsum管道 piping照明 illuminationboard nail照度 degree of illumination螺丝 screws? conventional terms 一般通用亮度 brightness平头螺丝flat-head screw名词日照 sunshine螺栓 bolt建筑原理 architectonics天然采光natural lighting普通螺栓commercial bolt建筑形式 archit

34、ectural style光强 light intensity高强螺栓high strength bolt民用建筑 civil architecture侧光 side light预埋螺栓insert bolt城市建筑 urban architecture顶光 top light胀锚螺栓cinch bolt农村建筑 rural architecture眩光 glaze垫片 washer农业建筑 farm building方位角 azimuth工业建筑 industrial building辐射 radiation? paint 油漆重工业的 heavy industrial对流 convecti

35、on底漆 primer轻工业的 light industrial传导 conduction防锈底漆rust-inhibitive primer古代建筑 ancient architecture遮阳 sun-shade防腐漆 anti-corrosion paint现代建筑 modern architecture保温 thermal insulation调和漆 mixed paint标 准 化 建 筑 standardized恒温 constant temperature无光漆 flat paintbuildings恒湿 constant humidity透明漆 varnish附属建筑 auxi

36、liary buildings噪音 noise银粉漆 aluminum paint城市规划 city planning隔音 sound-proof磁漆 enamel paint厂区内 within site吸音 sound absorption干性油 drying oil厂区外 offsite露点 dew point稀释剂 thinner封闭式 closed type隔汽 vapor-proof焦油 tar开敞式 open type沥青漆 asphalt paint半开敞式 semi-open typename of professional role 职务桐油 tung oil, chine

37、se wood oil模数制 modular system名称红丹 red lead单位造价 unit cost项目经理project manager (pm)铅油 lead oil概算 preliminary estimate设计经理design manager腻子 putty承包商 constructor, contractor首席建筑师principal architect现场 site总工程师chief engineerk. other architectural扩建 extension土木工程师civil engineerterms 其它建筑术语改建 reconstruction工艺

38、工程师process engineer? discipline 专业防火 fire-prevention电气工程师electrical engineer建筑 architecture防震 aseismatic, quake-proof机 械 工程 师 mechanical.engineer计划工程师 planning engineer 助理工程师 assistant engineer 实习生 probationer专家 specialist, expert 制图员 draftsman技术员technician? drafting 制图总说明 general specification 工程说明

39、 project specification 采 用 标 准 规 范 目 录 list ofstandards and specification adopted图纸目录 list of drawings 平面图 plan局 部 放 大 图detailwithenlarged scale平面示意图schematic planof.平剖面图sectional plan of.留孔平面图plan of provisionof holes剖面section纵剖面longitudinal section横 剖 面cross(transverse)section立面elevation正立面front e

40、levation透视图 perspective drawing 侧立面 side elevation背立面 back elevation 详图 detail drawings 典型节点 typical detail 节点号 detail no.首页front page图纸目录及说明 list of contents and description图例legend示意图diagram草图sketch荷载简图 load diagram 流程示意图 flow diagram 标准图 standard drawing布置图layout of .地形图topographical map土 方 工 程 图

41、earth-workdrawing展开图developed drawing模板图formwork drawing配筋arrangementofreinforcement表格 tables工程进度表working schedule技 术经 济 指 标technicalandeconomical index建 、 构 筑 物 一 览 表listofbuildings and structures编号 coding序列号serial no.行和栏 rows and columns 备注 remarks等级 grade直线 straight line曲线 curves曲折线zigzag line虚线

42、dotted line实线 solid line影线 hatching line点划线 dot and dash line 轴线 axis等高线contour line中心线center line双曲线hyperbola抛物线parabola切线 tangent line尺寸线dimension line园形 round环形 annular方形 square矩形 rectangle平行四边形 parallelogram 三角形 triangle五角形pentagon六角形hexagon八角形octagon梯形 trapezoid圆圈 circle弓形 sagment扇形 sector球形的sp

43、herical抛物面paraboloid圆锥形cone.椭圆形ellipse, oblong面积area体积volume容量capacity重量weight质量mass力 force米 meter 厘米 centimete 毫米millimeter公顷hectate牛 顿 / 平 方 米newton/squaremeter千 克 / 立 方 米kilogram/cubicmeter英尺foot英寸inch磅 pound吨 ton加仑gallon千磅kip平均尺寸average dimension变尺寸variable dimension外形尺寸overall dimension展开尺寸deve

44、loped dimension内径inside diameter外径 outside diameter 净重 net weight毛重gross weight数量quantity百分比percentage净空clearance净高headroom净距clear distance净跨clear span截面尺寸 sectional dimension 开间 bay进深depth单跨single span双跨double span多跨multi-span标高elevation, level绝对标高absolute elevation设计标高 designed elevation 室外地面标高 gr

45、ound elevation 室内地面标高 floor elevation 柱网 column grid.坐标coordinate厂区占地 site area 使用面积 usable area 辅助面积 service area 通道面积 passage area 管架 pipe rack管廊pipeline gallery架空管线 overhead pipeline 排水沟 drain ditch集水坑sump pit喷泉fountain地漏floor drain消火栓fire hydrant灭火器fire extinguisher二氧化碳灭火器 carbon dioxide extingu

46、isher卤 代 烷 灭 火 器 halon extinguisher2. structure 结构专业 a. load 荷载拔力 pulling force标准值 standard value 残余应力 residual stress冲击荷载impactload, punchload残余变形 residual deflection 承压 bearing承载能力 bearing capacity 承重 bearing, load bearing 承重结构 bearing structure 脆性材料 brittle material 脆性破坏 brittle failure抵 抗 力resistingpower,resistance吊车荷载crane load分布荷载 distributed load 风荷载 wind load风速 wind velocity, wind speed 风压 wind pressu