2003年上海交大生化期末试卷1※2

1、.上海交通大学生物化学试卷（2003 年度）校名 _系名 _专业 _姓名 _学号 _日期 _2003 testpaper (1)（闭卷部分）st(shanghai jiao tong university,1 term of univ. year 2003)subject: biochemistryname _score _class _一 . explain the terms: （2.5 x 10= 25）1. hyperuricemia2. ldl receptor3. pyruvate dehydrogenase complex4. glucokinase (in liver)5. m

2、alate-aspartate shuttle6. prpp7. substrate cycle8. “ macro coa ”9. urea cycle;.10. udp- glucose2003 testpaper (2)（开卷）st(shanghai jiao tong university,1 term of univ. year 2003)subject: biochemistryname _score _class _二 . filling the blanks: (2.5 x 12= 30)1. many important coenzymes, such as_, _and _

3、, are the derivatives of adp; dndp are synthesized from _ and dtmp is formed by_of dump; all these facts reflects that_ came before_ in evolution.2. tpp is the derivative of vitamin _, it serves as the prosthetic group of the following enzymes: _, _and_.3. there is a large difference between the yie

4、ld from the complete oxidation of triacylglycerols and of carbohydrates (and protein), the reason is_.4. the three pairs of enzymes that catalyze the three resemble steps in -oxidation of fa and citric acid cycle are_ and_,_and_, _and_.5. the only reactions in mammals that require coenzyme b12 are_

5、and _catalyzed by _ and _, respectively.6. oaa has several possible fates: _, _,_ and _.7.in the synthesis of phosphoglycerides 磷酸甘油酯 and of glycogen, the activated intermediates are _ and_, both ofthem are formed from a _ substrate and a _,and then react with a _ group.8. the committed step in chol

6、esterol biosynthesis is the synthesis of_ from _which is catalyzed by _.9. the carrier of the activated one-carbon units is_ which consists of three groups: _, _and_. besides, _ is the major donor of methyl;.group. the fullyoxidized one-carbon unit is _, which iscarried by_.10. disease and inherited

7、 defects of enzyme or functional protein, e.g. pku phe hydroxylase; drug-induced hemolytic anemia 溶 血 性 贫 血 _; hypercholesterolemia 高胆固醇血症 _; pernicious anemia 恶性贫血 _; maple syrup 槭糖浆 urine disease _; leber soptic neuropathy 视 神 经 症 _.11. acetyl coa carboxylase from e. coli consists of three subunit

8、s called_, _ and _.12. there are two types of covalent modification: _and_in the regulation of enzymatic activity, the typical example of which is_ and _(enzyme), the direct related residue is_ and _, respectively.三 make choice (one or several) ：(3 x 8= 24)1. schiff base intermediates are formed in

9、the reactions catalyzed bya. aldolaseb. glycogen phosphorylasec. trp synthetased. transaldolasee. aminotransferase2. multifunctional (or bifunctional) enzyme occurs ina. pyrimidine synthesis of eukaryotesb. fa synthesis of eukaryotesc.the synthesis and hydrolysis of f-2,6-bp d. the phosphorylation a

10、nd dephosphorylation of isocitrate dh e. fa synthesis ofe. coli3. prpp participates in the synthesis of the following substancea. prob. hisc. purined. phee. pyrimidine4. biotin, as the posthetic group of the following enzymea. acetyl coa carboxylase b. transketolase c. pyruvate carboxylase d. pyr dh

11、 e. kg dh5. the following complex contains fe-s clustera. nadh-q reductase b. cytochrome c reductase c. cytochrome c oxidase d. succinate-q reductase e. ribonucleotide reductase6. which substance is the direct precursor of the synthesis of acetoacetate乙酰乙酸 in livera. hmg coa b. acetoacetyl coa c. d-

12、3-hydroxybutyrate 羟丁酸 d. d-3-hydroxybutyryl coa e. acetone7. citric acid cyclea. it can produce high-energy phosphoryl compound by itself b. it is not inhibited by the anaerobic厌氧 condition c. the two carbon atoms ofacetyl coa are liberated as the form of two co 2 in that round of the cycle d. its r

13、ate depends upon the need of atp e. it is the final common pathway for the oxidation of fuel molecules.8. it participates in the activated methyl cycle (or s-a met cycle)a. vb 12b. biotinc. fh4d. vb 2e. nicotinate 烟酸;.四 . answer or calculate: (7x 3= 21)1.what is the activated reactant in each of the

14、se biosyntheses?a)sphingomyelin 鞘磷脂from ceramide 神经酰胺b) met from homocysteine 高半胱氨酸c)phosphatidyl choline 磷脂酰胆碱from phosphatidyl ethanolamine 乙醇胺d) ipp from 5-pyrophosphomevalonate焦磷酸甲羟戊酸e) the synthesis of phosphoribosylamine磷酸核糖胺f) ser from glyg) glycogen n+1 from glycogen n2. in purine biosynthes

15、is, asp becomes linked to the carboxylate group of an intermediate. in the next reaction, the carbon skeleton of the asp unit leaves in the form of fumurate 延胡索酸 . these reactions are reminiscent重演 of a similar pair of reactions in the degradation of aa. which ones?3. currency exchange. for a proton

16、-motive force of 0.2v (matrix negative), what is the maximum atp/adppi ratio compatible with atpsynthesis? calculate this ratio three times, assuming that the number of protons translocated per atp formed is 2, 3, and 4 and that the temperature is 250c.;.2003 test paper (1)答案一 .1.hyperuricemia 高尿酸血

17、血液中存在异常高含量的尿酸， 可能由嘌呤合成增加引起。高尿酸血与痛风症相关。2.ldl receptor 低密度脂蛋白受体一种与载脂蛋白 b 相结合的细胞表面受体。可使ldl 从血浆 (发生细胞 )内化，以调节胆固醇和ldl 的合成从而调节血浆胆固醇的浓度。3.pyruvate dehydrogenase complex丙酮酸脱氢酶复合体 ? 催化丙酮酸、 nad+ 和辅酶 a 之间反应形成乙酰辅酶a 、 nadh 和 co2(整个反应 )的酶复合体。包含三个活性酶和五个辅酶。4.glucokinase (inliver)葡萄糖激酶 哺乳动物肝赃中特有的一种己糖激酶的同工酶,它与底物葡萄糖的亲

18、和力很底，故只有当血液中葡萄糖浓度很高时它才能与之反应；同时，它不受高水平 g-6-p 的抑制，故可大量地吸纳血液中(过多 )的葡萄糖。5.malate-aspartate shuttle 苹果酸 -天冬氨酸穿梭可将还原型对应物(nadh中的电子 )从从肝脏等组织的细胞质转运到线粒体内。6.prpp 磷酸核糖焦磷生物合成多种含氮环状化合物极其衍生物中必不可少的反应物，特别在合成组氨酸、核苷酸中的嘌呤和嘧啶时。7.substrate cycle 底物循环 反应物和产物在两个酶的作用下的互变，如 :f-6-p 与 f-1,6-p 的互变。它的存在提高了调控的敏感性.8.“ macro coa ”

19、巨”辅酶 a ”;指 acp( 酰基载体蛋白 ),它含有与辅酶 a 相同的磷酸泛酰巯基乙胺头部 (与脂肪酸合成过程中各中间物连接);与此部分相连接的是”巨大”的由77 个氨基酸残基构成的一条多肽链。9.urea cycle 尿素循环 ; 一组循环反应 ,其中由氨基酸代谢产物两个氨基和一个二氧化碳生成一个尿素排出体外。10 udp- glucose 尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖 ;一种核苷二磷酸糖 ,作为糖原合成 (和其它许多合成 )反应中葡萄糖基的供体。;.2003 test paper (2)答案二 .1.nad+ ， fad ，coa, ndp, methylation, rna, dna2.b1, pyruvate dh complex,-kg dh complex, transketolase3.高度还原，不含水4.酮脂酰 -acp 还原酶 , 琥珀酸 dh; 羟脂酰 -acp 脱水酶 , 延胡索酸酶 ; 烯脂酰 -acp 还原酶 ,苹果酸 dh5.高半胱氨酸甲基化形成甲硫氨酸, l- 甲基丙二酰coa 分子内重排生成琥珀酰coa, 高半胱氨酸甲基转移酶, 甲基丙二酰coa 变位酶6.柠檬酸循环形成柠檬酸, 糖异生形成葡萄糖, 转氨形成天冬氨酸, 脱羧形成丙酮酸7.