▏西方诗歌艺术[课堂上课]

1、English Poetry:,William Blake (1757-1827),I must Create a System, or be enslaved by another Mans.,1,学习课堂,1650-1780 The Age of Reason Science, philosophy The universe is a purposeful structure that can be understood completely through the use of reason. Objectivity. We should rely on our experience o

2、f the physical world to determine truth. Descartes, Locke, Newton, Mozart,1789-1840 The Romantic Period Art The universe is a mysterious structure that can best be understood through irrational faculties such as imagination. Subjectivity. We should transcend our experience of the physical world to d

3、etermine truth. Wordsworth, Coleridge, French Revolution,2,学习课堂,Rationalist Painting: The Death of Socrates, David,3,学习课堂,Romantic Painting: The Nightmare, Fuseli,4,学习课堂,5,学习课堂,6,学习课堂,7,学习课堂,slant rhyme: worm, storm,old-fasioned language, perhaps recalling the King James Bible,The Sick Rose O Rose t

4、hou art sick. The invisible worm, That flies in the night In the howling storm; Has found out thy bed Of crimson joy: And his dark secret love Does thy life destroy.,two stanzas,8,学习课堂,Level 1, Physical Truth: the Rose as Flower,Our understanding of the natural image of the rose as a flower is compl

5、icated by the unnatural image of “the invisible worm” that “flies in the night.” Is there another way to read the poem that will make sense of the “invisible worm”?,The Sick Rose O Rose thou art sick. The invisible worm, That flies in the night In the howling storm; Has found out thy bed Of crimson

6、joy: And his dark secret love Does thy life destroy.,9,学习课堂,My Pretty Rose Tree A flower was offerd to me; Such a flower as May never bore. But I said Ive a Pretty Rose-tree And I passed the sweet flower oer. Then I went to my Pretty Rose-tree; To tend her by day and by night. But my Rose turnd away

7、 with jealousy: And her thorns were my only delight.,The Lily The modest Rose puts forth a thorn,The humble sheep a threatning horn:While the Lily white shall in love delight,Nor a thorn nor a threat stain her beauty bright.,Cross-Referencing: Toward Objective Interpretation,The Sick Rose O Rose tho

8、u art sick. The invisible worm, That flies in the night In the howling storm; Has found out thy bed Of crimson joy: And his dark secret love Does thy life destroy.,10,学习课堂,Level II, Physical/Metaphorical Truth: Rose as a Girl or Woman,The Sick Rose O Rose thou art sick. The invisible worm, That flie

9、s in the night In the howling storm; Has found out thy bed Of crimson joy: And his dark secret love Does thy life destroy.,Rose can be considered a female who is secretly loved by a male. He has found her bed. His love is destroying her life. Rose appears to be “sick” because she “joys” in what “des

10、troys” her. The male love worm in the female bed of joy strongly is a very Freudian image.,11,学习课堂,12,学习课堂,13,学习课堂,Freud believed objects that have phallic shapes symbolize the male in the subconscious mind. Guns, swords, missiles, monuments, cigars, and snakes are some of the more commonly suggeste

11、d phallic symbols.,Sigmund Freud and the Phallic Symbol,14,学习课堂,15,学习课堂,16,学习课堂,Freud and the Female Symbol,Red Canna, OKeefe, 1923,Likewise, Freud believed that objects with resemblance to the female body represent females in the subconscious mind. Flowers are one of the things commonly taken to re

12、present females.,17,学习课堂,“In Pagan times, this glyph was associated with the Goddess Venus, and represented female genitalia. Early depictions of Christ depict him as an infant within the vesica (In this context, it is usually referred to as a mandorla, meaning almond shaped.), which represented the

13、 womb of Mary, and often, the coming together of heaven and earth in the body of Jesus (part man, part god).” ,Virgen Coronada por la Santisima Trinidad Anonymous, 17th century,18,学习课堂,王宏源汉字字源入门，华语教学出版社，1994,19,学习课堂,20,学习课堂,21,学习课堂,Level III, Symbolism: the Worm Representing Death,In the King James

14、Bible, “worm” occurs thirteen times. In 10/13 cases, “worm” is metonymic for death. (Metonymy means “part representing the whole,” as in “lend a hand.” The worm is considered a part of death.) Examples: Job 17:14 “I have said to corruption, Thou art my father: to the worm, Thou art my mother, and my

15、 sister.” Job 24:20 “the worm shall feed sweetly on him; he shall be no more remembered” Isaiah 51:8 “For the moth shall eat them up like a garment, and the worm shall eat them like wool: but my righteousness shall be for ever” Hamlet IV.iii “Your worm is your only emperor for diet: we fat all creatures else to fat us, and we fat ourselves for maggots worms”,22,学习课堂,The Sick Rose,O Rose thou art sick. The invisible worm, That flies in the night In the howling storm; Has found out thy bed Of crimson joy: And his dark