学术论文写作报告（英文版）(ppt 42页).ppt

1、02.10.2020,1,Term 2: 2011-2012 academic year 30 Credit hours Tutored by ：Shan Xu-guang School of Foreign Studies, CUMT,02.10.2020,2,Reference books,胡庚申.英语论文写作与发表.高等教育出版社. 任胜利英语科技论文撰写与投稿科学出版社 Pinkham, J.中式英语之鉴外语教学与研究出版社,02.10.2020,3,Requirements Be on time No mobile phones in class Homework in time N

2、o absence for 2 sessions Final Exam An English academic paper of 2500-3000 words No copy, otherwise FAIL Printed form as required Common E-mail： password: cumt2011,02.10.2020,4,Scoring System Homework 10% Attendance 10% Presentation 20% Academic paper 60%,02.10.2020,5,Course plan Introduction & pre-

3、text stuff Language feature of academic paper Titles for academic paper presentation and class discussion Introduction , theoretic framework presentation and class discussion methodology & material selection presentation and class discussion data collection, result analysis discussion & conclusion A

4、bstract 1 Abstract 2 presentation and class discussion post-text-references， appendixes， tables and figures, unit words， Plagiarism Paper publication,02.10.2020,6,What is academic writing? An academic paper is a formal printed document in which professionals present their views and research findings

5、 on any deliberately chosen topic. It is written in a specific format in which .,02.10.2020,7,Outline,Types of academic writing The structure of a research paper Pre-text for research papers,02.10.2020,8,Types of academic writing scientific articles proposals research papers,02.10.2020,9,scientific

6、articles Scientific and technical articles and essays are mainly published in journals, magazines and newspapers. They are normally intended to reach a wider audience than research papers. The structure of a scientific article The introduction The main body The conclusion,02.10.2020,10,Proposals The

7、 purpose of a proposal is to ask for funding in order to make research possible. As there is only a limited amount of money in the world for research, you need to make the case for your particular research as effectively as you can.,02.10.2020,11,Proposals Purpose A proposal must demonstrate that yo

8、ur research project is worth the time, effort and money to accomplish it. It must make the need for money and time easily understandable and it must propose an appropriate recipient for the funding. A proposal persuades. A proposal requests. A proposal promises that the project will be completed. A

9、proposal states the researchers commitment to doing the work. A proposal presents a detailed plan to accomplish the research.,02.10.2020,12,Proposals Components A cover letter. A title page. A table of contents. A summary An introduction. A needs assessment. Objectives. Methods. Pre-evaluation. Long

10、-term financial plans. Budget. Personnel. Appendices.,02.10.2020,13,Proposals A cover letter. This is one page long, separate from the main proposal. It introduces: * the researchers - you * the reason for your research the needs and the problems that the research is to meet. * the cost of the resea

11、rch * the length of the research * the benefits of the research (including to the prospective donors),02.10.2020,14,Proposals A title page. The title page is one sheet of paper. It contains: * the project title * the recipient of the proposal, that is, the organisation, and if possible the individua

12、l * the date * the person or persons submitting the proposal, including signatures * a contact person (name and title, address, telephone number, and e-mail address) * the project budget total * the project time span,02.10.2020,15,Proposals A table of contents. This is only necessary if the proposal

13、 is over 15 pages long. It should be on a single page.,02.10.2020,16,Proposals A summary By its very nature this must be written last. It should only be between 150 and 300 words (2 paragraphs) long, and include points in the cover letter.,02.10.2020,17,Proposals An introduction. Use the introductio

14、n to establish the need for the research and the credibility of the researchers to do it. Include: * Background on the need to be addressed by the research * Background on the researchers and their organisation (including degrees, titles and achievements),02.10.2020,18,Proposals A needs assessment.

15、This section should answer these questions: * What is the need motivating the research? * How is the research expected to meet the need? * Why should you be the one to do the research? What are your qualifications for it?,02.10.2020,19,Proposals Objectives. This section should answer these questions

16、: * What is the goal of the research? * What are the expected results? * What are the expected benefits and applications resulting from the research? * How do the objectives meet the needs?,02.10.2020,20,Proposals Methods. This section should answer these questions: * How will the research specifica

17、lly be conducted? Justify the methods proposed. * What is the time-frame for the research project? Justify the schedule proposed.,02.10.2020,21,Proposals Pre-evaluation. This section should answer these questions: * How will the project be evaluated? Internally or externally? * What data will be gat

18、hered? How will it be gathered? * What is the expected extended length of the project, beyond the scope of the immediate proposed funding? * How will the results be disseminated?,02.10.2020,22,Proposals Long-term financial plans. The answers in this section should be specific and detailed. This sect

19、ion should answer these questions: * If the project extends beyond the length of the grant, how will it be funded? * Will the project be able to be wholly or partially self-supporting?,02.10.2020,23,Proposal Budget. This section should answer these questions: * What materials are needed for the proj

20、ect and what will they cost? This must be itemised, specific and detailed.,02.10.2020,24,proposal Personnel. This section should answer these questions: * Who will be involved in the research, and why? (Be specific) * What specifically are the duties and responsibilities of the researchers involved?

21、,02.10.2020,25,Proposal Appendices. Each appendix should be a separate section. Possible appendices include: * Rsums of the researchers s References * Board members of applying organisations, or body of researchers * Charts of the organisation * Letters of support * Applicable charts, graphs and tab

22、les * Applicable bibliographies,02.10.2020,26,Research Papers Research papers are generally written for scientists working in the same field and therefore have a more limited, and more specialised, readership than articles. Research papers can appear in specialist journals or be presented at confere

23、nces.,02.10.2020,27,Research Papers The structure of a research paper Title Abstract Introduction Methods and materials Results Discussion Conclusion acknowledgements References cited,02.10.2020,28,Main parts of research papers Pre-text Body Text Post-text,02.10.2020,29,Pre-text Cover sheet Disserta

24、tion or paper for publishing Acknowledgements Table of contents List of figures and tables List of abbreviations Abstract,02.10.2020,30,Sub topic: Cover sheet Why do you need a cover sheet? What does a cover sheet look like? Widely accepted practice of most high quality academic journals to conduct

25、an anonymous review process before publishing “Dress up” your academic product Sample,02.10.2020,31,Sub topic: Acknowledgements Why do you need an acknowledgments part? improve your understanding of the spirit and nature of scientific research in general. A formal expression of gratitude for all the

26、 assistance and help you received An academic tradition that the scientific community has long cultivated.,02.10.2020,32,Sub topic: Acknowledgements Requirements for writing acknowledgements As an independent section or not Objects should be concrete,02.10.2020,33,Sub topic: acknowledgements,Who sho

27、uld I acknowledge in my work? Your supervisors and professors who have provided profound scholarly guidance in your study. Scholars and practitioners in your field who have given you generous assistance of different types, ranging from material sharing to private communication. People who have provi

28、ded you with other expertise services, such as technical management, experimental administration, data analysis, stylistic improvement, and so on. Individuals or institutions from whom you have received either spiritual or financial support of different kinds. Your friends or family members who have

29、 lent you professional, moral, and other support in the course of your research. Any other individuals and parties whose contributions are so substantial to your work that without their assistance and support you could hardly complete this demanding scholarly product successfully.,02.10.2020,34,I wi

30、sh to thankfor his/her/their valuable suggestions on earlier versions of this article. I would like to thankfor his/her/their critiques of earlier drafts. I would like to acknowledge my great debt to . forthanks especially go to I am most grateful to for, tofor, to for I would like to begin by thank

31、ing ,02.10.2020,35,Thanks also go to. for his/her/their constructive criticism. For other help with, thanks go to The comments of three anonymous referees were also appreciated. We extend thanks to the anonymous reviewers for their careful reading of the manuscript and their insightful comments. I w

32、ould like to thank my informants for their time and interest.,02.10.2020,36,My thanks also go to for assistance in For extensive comments on earlier versions, thanks especially go to. Thanks as well go to the research assistants on. . Project. I would like to express my thanks to for assistance with

33、 data collection, to for permission to access database and to .for access to I extend thanks to for facilitating data collection, to . for helping to code and analyze the data, to . for his thoughtful comments on an earlier version , to for helping to interpret,data, and to for his statistical expertise. Samples,02.10.2020,37,Sub topic :List of figures and Tables Try to ca