56 edaw可持续社区整合系统

1、可持续社区整合系统Steve Kellenberg总裁，易道尔湾办公室Integrated Systems Approach for Sustainable CommunitiesSteve Kellenberg Principal, EDAW (Irvine, US)系统整合的思维方式Integrated Whole Systems Thinking生态资源 Ecological Resources能源 Energy交通 Transportation绿色建筑 Green Building水 Water社会/文化 Socio /Cultural经济 Economic可持续发展整合模型 (SSI

2、M) Sustainable Systems Integration Model (SSIM)新建项目 Greenfield Projects适用于20多英亩到10,000多英亩的社区scalable from 20 + acres to large 10,000 acre + communities已有社区Existing Communities气候变化应对策略规划Climate Change Strategic Plans生态效率推动计划Eco-Efficiency Initiatives邻里、城镇、市区和城市Neighborhoods,Towns, Downtowns, Cities褐色

3、土地和再开发Brownfields & Redev填入式再开发Infill Redevelopments环境报告Environmental Documentation评估Environmental Impact Assessment提供应对气候变化的新方式Support new scopes on Climate Change第一步： 社区框架优化Stage One: Community Framework Optimization利用自动化模型和整合技术Using Automated Models and Integrated Technologies概念绘制Draw Concept运行生成

4、模型和城市形态分析模型，并生成土地规划方案Run Yield Model, Urban Form AnalysisModel & Generate Land ProgramSSIM GIS界面SSIM GIS Interface将规划方案输入SSIM Feed Land Program to SSIM得到模型结果Get SSIM ResultsSSIM GIS界面SSIM GIS Interface方案 1Scheme 1方案 2Scheme 2方案 3Scheme 3,STA.GE I ,S,SIM OUifiPUT,S : B A.,SELINE PLAN,S ANALY,Sl,S ,SU

5、M MAR.Y可持续发展整合模型笫一步输出：基准方案分析总结芯c lit:匾 t: 1芯c lit:匾 t: 2芯c lit:匾 t: 3 1方:!: 2方:!: 3p叮 沁 陀 人 tI._DU f 炊P叮 沁 配：H 人1 / ?DUIH f 炊 1 . .R社 i o II:.P r 心 nt -.,r It;108.4-13113.54-036.15831.84-l104-8113534-33l-l144-8116_0朽112l.8650.40_256 -OO乏 l 4 -OO之1SS.6S51.8851SS.251.1200.8l.014-0_11 6 . 0 0 之Op凸 芯p :

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7、2 之3 0 . 0 之21.l:9821.2,s21.080Litp c pitp D“ yt ; ，片年 K34-1315301Lit心p叮氐 pitp D3yt ;“;KO-43O-450 . 36V吐 icl t: Kilo - t:t r心 p t:r P t:s o 匾43-342_241.3C u b o 匾 E匾 iss io 配; pt:r pt:s o 匾1:9181S2.54-:92.4-662.321125111R”“”“: Co 式 p t:c:;i,p i 丘 .,S3S.33528.146Plan ComparisonSustainability Indicato

8、rsPlan ComparisonSustainability IndicatorsPlan ComparisonSustainability IndicatorsPlan ComparisonSustainability IndicatorsPlan ComparisonSustainability IndicatorsSSIM GIS界面：指标输出SSIM GIS Interface : Indicator OutputsTabular Outputs基础情景概述第二步：专题项目的优化Stage Two: Core Theme Optimization专题项目评估Core Themes E

9、valuated项目城市形态On-site Urban Form居住区建筑能源Residential Building Energy非居住区建筑能源Non-Residential Building Energy交通Transportation公共空间能源Public Realm Energy生活用水、雨水和废水Domestic, Storm, Waste Water城市热岛效应Urban Heat Island Effect生态Ecology独立式可再生能源Freestanding Renewables区域分布式发电系统District Distributed Generation社会文化So

10、cio-Cultural专题项目建模Core Theme Modeling建筑能源Building Energy 佳good 优良better 最优best生活用水Domestic Water 佳good 优良better 最优best交通Transportation 佳good 优良better 最优best公共空间Public Realm 佳good 优良better 最优best可再生能源Renewable Energy 佳good 优良better 最优best初始投资First-Costs生命周期成本Life Cycle Costs环境效益Environmental Benefit市

11、场成本承受力Market Cost Acceptance低碳项目开发Low Carbon Program Development各个专题项目优化包组合Optimized Packages for Each Core Theme将组合融于总体可持续方案Packages Combined into Master Sustainability Programs城市形态Urban Form核心和中心Cores and Centers城 心Central Town Center多区域核心Multiple District Cores密度Density紧凑设计Compact Design高密度核心区Hig

12、her density in cores土地利用多样性Diversity of Land Use住宅多样化Broad range of housing工作居住平衡Jobs/housing balance提供本地服务Local service provision建筑能源Building Energy建筑外围Building Shell门窗幕墙Fenestration中央空调系统效率HVAC efficiency热水系统Water heating器具Appliances照明Lighting被动式设计Passive design建筑朝向Bldg orientation建筑光电技术On-buildin

13、g PV基线24法案佳“能源”优良最优化最优零排放住宅窗户U值辐射屏障外墙天花板空调季节能效等级锅炉年度燃料利用效率管道绝缘程度管道泄漏率房屋泄漏率水体加热器最优化朝向膨胀阀指标示例 住宅能源Example Measures Residential Energy太阳热能源家电紧凑型荧光灯照明光伏电池板投资回收期最 优 优良佳千美元投资的碳排放削减量佳优良最优百万吨当量CO2公寓大型独立式住宅小型独立式住宅输出示例 住宅能源Example Outputs Residential Energy小型独立式住宅年大型独立式住宅公寓输出示例 住宅能源Example Outputs Residential

14、 Energy货币化的效益投资比货币化的效益投资比货币化的效益投资比佳方案的价值图优良方案的价值图最优方案的价值图净投资节省净投资节省净投资节省公共场所能源Public Realm Energy街道照明Street Lighting灯具间隔和光照度Fixture spacing and foot candles光污染削减概念Dark sky conceptsLED选择LED options出行需求管理(TDM)Travel demand management (TDM)停车场工业区Parking Lots / Industrial Areas光照度要求Foot candle requireme

15、ntsLED选择LED options感光和微光照明Photopic vs. Scotopic Lights太阳能风能照明Solar / wind Lighting Options开放空间和公园Open Space and Parks照明级别Lighting levels建筑采用太阳能光板系统PV on structures生活用水削减Domestic Water Reduction土地利用Land UseRainfall 14/yearStormwater BMPsPajaro RiverRainwater CatchmentCII Indoor160 AFY Potable UsesSto

16、rmwater Capture & Treatment1,710 AFYResidential Indoor350 AFY Clothes WasherWastewater Treatment & StorageGHG310 AFY300 AFYShowerOther PotableOn-Site Gray Water TreatmentResidential Indoor40 AFY SystemLosses390 AFYToilets80 AFY120 AFYCII IndoorToilets CoolingAgricultureGroundwater Extraction & Treat

17、ment910 AFYLandscapeResidential CIIPublic190 AFY210 AFY System270 AFY2,830 AFYLosses90 AFYGHGEmissionsLakeDeep GroundwaterEnergyEnergy景观调色板Landscape palettes建筑节水BuildingFixtures处理后污水回用Treated sewage effluent reuse雨水回用Stormwater reuse雨水收集Rainwater capture中水回用Gray water reuse英亩英尺/年水和废水地下水开采量回用水量废水量雨水量

18、英亩英尺千美元投资的节水量比值基于投资增加比例的收益比输出示例- 水Example Outputs - WATER交通Transportation内部工程措施Internal Project Measures内部通勤Internal shuttles自行车步行设施Bicycle/pedestrian facilities社区电动车Neighborhood Electric Vehicles (NEVs)出行需求管理Travel demand management (TDM)外部工程措施External Project Measures协调部门Coordinating entity外部通勤Ext

19、ernal shuttles区域交通扩展Regional transit extensions外部交通选择External transit options居住雇佣衔接措施Housing/Employment Linkage现场工作居住平衡On-site jobs/housing balance雇员交通补贴Employer proximity subsidy城市热岛效应Urban Heat Island微观气候工程Micro-Climate Engineering利用植栽进行建筑遮阳Building Shading from trees微观水体湿度和制冷调节Micro-water cooling

20、材料选择Materials selection社区景观Community Landscape公共空间植栽的增加Increased public realm planting综合生物多样性理念Bio-diversity concepts材料选择Materials selection水景降温Water Features for Cooling大尺度降温和水化理念Large scale cooling能源和温室气体补偿:可再生和分布式能源Energy and GHG Offsets: Renewable & Distributed Energy建筑可再生措施On-Building Renewable

21、s光伏电池板Photo Voltaic panels热源水供应Thermal hot water分布式能源Distributed Energy光伏发电厂Photo Voltaic plants风力发电厂Wind turbine plants热电联产CHP生物质*BioMass沼气*BioGas地热*GeoThermal智慧型电网Smart Grid需求控制技术Demand Control高效能分布High efficiency distribution第三步：总体方案整合Stage Three: Master Program Synthesis专题项目指标调整界面Core Themes / M

22、easures Gaming Board项目 Themes为方案选择组合Select Packages for These ProgramsABCBuilding Energy Reductions (建筑能耗削减）优良Better最优Best最优BestDomestic Water Reductions（家用水削减）最优Best最优Best最优BestAutomobile Use Reductions（机动车削减）优良Better优良Better最优BetterPublic Realm Energy Reductions（公共场所耗能雪健）最优Best优良Better优良BetterRene

23、wable Energy Additions（可再生能源增加）佳Good佳Good佳Good第二步 组合选择总体组合比较Master Program Comparisons不同专题项目的碳削减总体碳排放削减比例陆地吸收的碳排放水体污染物削减雨水径流削减用水削减车辆行驶里程削减总体碳排放削减非移动源碳排放能源削减组合A组合B组合C总体组合比较Master Program Comparisons与基准情景相比的削减比例组合效果比较车辆行驶里程雨水径流SSIM模型：组合综合比较SSIM Modeling: Program Performance成本足迹资源足迹用 水 量 碳 排 放 气体能源电力能源

24、SSIM模型：碳排放SSIM Modeling: Carbon Emissions百万吨二氧化碳当量（年）总体碳排放量包括移动源仅包括非移动源基准组合A组合B组合C碳削减成果和目标不同组合碳消减独立风能电厂独立日光能电厂碳吸收碳足迹定位Carbon Footprint Targeting目标Target碳足迹定位Carbon Footprint Targeting风力发电场Wind Farm太阳能电场Solar Farm森林碳吸收Forestry (Sequestration)开发成本影响Building Cost Impacts联排别墅低层公寓低层混合中层塔楼1中层塔楼2零售工业低层商业混合

25、使用中层商业高层商业Increased Cost per Residential Dwelling不同方案的可持续措施的增加成本方案1方案2总结示例Summary ExampleBaseline Plan基准规划Adjusted Plan调整规划% Improv改善比例%Residential Cost住宅成本Comm.Cost商业成本Master Developer Cost开发成本Res Bldg Energy住宅建筑能源24,850KWhr11,200KWhr55%Non-Res Bldg Energy商业建筑能源457,700KWhr294,500KWhr36%Domestic Wat

26、er生活用水2,900AC FT yr980AC FT yr66%Transp. VMT车辆行驶里程559,180,000VMT yr489,282,500VMT yr13%12%6.5%-$13MCarbon Footprint w/o Transp碳足迹（不含交通）40,300Mt C02eq18,000Mt C02eq55%Carbon Footprint w/ Transp.碳足迹S（our含ce交: ED通AW）, 200303,700Mt C02eq8226,100Mt C02eq26%Terramor Largest PV Village in USWindstar, PlatinumTriangleAnaheim, CAPerforming Arts Center / Museum / Hall of Fame LocationSUMMARY70,000 Seat Stadium1,750 Dwelling Units500 Hotel Rooms275,000 s.f. Retail / Entertainment 482,000 s.f. Office73,000 s.f. Performing