选词填空方法.ppt

1、“选词填空”要求学生利用所给的10个词汇(一般有名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、冠词、介词和连词等)补全一篇有10个空缺的短文。要攻克这一难关，除了要进行大量的课外阅读，积累丰富的语言知识外，还需掌握一定的解题技巧。,1.在拿到题目后，不要急于看文章，首先对备选的词汇研究几遍，对词性作简单的标记，例如：名词-n.，动词-v.，形容词-adj.，副词-adv.等等。同时对词义作初步的理解。,2.通读全文，语义完整、适用、合乎逻辑是做好填词的前提。通过上、下文的句子，充分理解短文的内容，注意发现固定搭配关系，凭借语感积极主动地猜测空格中所缺的信息，根据需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。3.在选

2、定单词后，不要轻率地填入。在填词过程中，需要瞻前顾后，既要符合本句的含义，又要保证句式结构的正确。,名词(单复数，所有格，相应形容词) 1.考虑是否要把它变成复数或“所有格”形式。如：match-matches, friend-friends /friends。 2.考虑名词是否需要变成形容词， 如：sun-sunny, use-useful/useless/used, danger-dangerous；,动词（时态，语态，固定搭配） 时态：一般现在时（第三人称单数变化规则） 现在进行时（am/is/are+doing） 一般过去时（-ed） 过去进行时（was/were+doing） 一般将

3、来时（will+do） 过去将来时（would+do） 现在完成时（have/has+done） 过去完成时（had+done） 语态:主动，被动（be+done） 有意识地去考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化(动词原形-do,不定式-to do,现在分词-doing,过去分词-done,固定搭配-enjoy doing sth./ used to do sth./ have sth. done)；,变化规则,形容词和副词（比较级和最高级，形和副的互换，形容词相应的名词） 填空时要主动去判定是否需要变成比较级或最高级，还有它们之间的相互转换以及形容词变名词的需求也需考虑，例如：int

4、eresting-more/the most interesting, happy-happily，happy-happiness;,形容词变副词的规则： 1.一般情况下直接加“ly”，如quick-quickly 2.以“y”结尾的,先将“y”改成“i”,再加“ly”，如happy-happily 3.少数以e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加-ly。例如：true-truly等。 但绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍然直接加-ly。例如：polite-politely, wide-widely等。 口诀： 一般直接加，“元e”去e加，“辅y”改i加，“le”结尾e改y。 quickquickly, tru

5、etruly, happyhappily, possiblepossibly.,代词（五格），需注意辨别主格、宾格、名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法 主格宾格形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 反身代词 I me my mine myself Weus our ours ourselves you you your yours yourself youyou your yours yourselves hehim his his himself sheher her hers herself it it its its itself theythem their theirs thems

6、elves,oneself,ones,动词、介词+,形容词性物主代词+名词=,数词（基数词和序数词变化, 分数和虚实数）例如： 一般在后加-th; 基变序有规律，1,2,3,特殊记（one-first ,two-second, three-third,）;八加-h九减-e（eight-eighth, nine-ninth）;ty 变成tie（twenty-twentieth） 2/3-two thirds, one thousand/thousands of； 冠词(a, an, the)如a girl/ an old man; 介词和连词(上下文逻辑,固定短语搭配)，填入即可。look af

7、ter, when , not.until,顺口溜：空前空后要注意，“名词”单复数要牢记，还有s不能弃，“动词”注意要变形，“形副”注意要用三种级，要填“数词”请留意，千万别忘“基”和“序”，填入“代词”需慎重，五格变化要谨记。,4.完成填词后，应通读全文，复核校对。检查单词拼写是否正确，是否有时态、语态、惯用法及词语选用上的错误，以确保答案的正确性。最后把答案填入答卷时，切勿错位。,much , arm , wait, see, when , spend, she, worry , have , grow,adj,n.,v,v,v,v,v,v,conj,pron,Only Mother Lo

8、ve is true love. It gives everybody everything all his life. _you are still a baby, mother takes good care of you as much as possible . In your waking hours she always holds you in her_.,give sb sth=give sth to sb给某人某物,句子,好好照顾,尽可能的,形容词性物主代词,when,arms,形容词性物主代词+名词 形容词性物主代词不能单独使用,名词单复数arm-arms,连词,When

9、you are ill, she stops her work right now to look after you day and night and forgets about . When you are up day by day, she feels very happy. When you are old enough to go to school, mother still looks after you all the time.,马上，立刻,照顾,日夜,介词,介词+v-ing /n /pron,代词的选择,一天天,固定短语：grow up长大,动词的时态，语态be+vin

10、g,足够大,enough: 放于形容词以后，名词之前。,句意,herself,growing,On cold winter days, she always tells you to put on clothes . She always stands in the wind for you back from school. When you hurry to leave home for school with little breakfast, she always feels about you at home.,具体到某一天用on,ask/tell sb to do sth 叫某人做

11、某事,ask/tell sb not to do sth叫某人不要做某事,穿上,名词,考察形容词的比较级与最高级much-more-most,固定短语：wait for sb等某人,句子,固定短语：be worried (形）about =worrry（动） about be 和连系动词可互换,more,waiting,连系动词,+adj,worried,She usually knows about your study and much money on your school things. When you do well at school, the brightest smile

12、will be on her face.,了解,固定短语：spend some time/money on sth/in doing sth,被动语态：be+动词过去分词 see-saw seen,spends,be+adj be+doing:进行时 be+done:被动,seen,Mother is always ready to give everything （she )to her children, not to receive . What true love that is in the world! We will remember Mother Love for ever.,准备做某事,定语从句,has,名词，先行词,One day a girl was going to the park at 11:00 in the morning. She put her bike near the sea. She saw two boys swimmin