2017-2018学年高考英语 大题精做09 完形填空议论文（含解析）新人教版

1、完形填空议论文近几年的高考完形填空试题中，也出现了议论文体裁的完形填空。此类文章有以下几个特点：1. 首句致胜，论点明确这类文体绝大多数都把文章的首句作为主旨句，作者在这一句话中提出论点，然后在各段的首句提出分论点。2.结构清晰，合乎逻辑。议论型完形填空的三要素：论点、论据和论证。论点、论据形成一体，相互印证。为使文章脉络清楚，有逻辑性，常使用一些连接词。如：onthecontrary，generally，worsestill，inconclusion，personally，furthermore，surely，obviously，besides，firstly等。大家要做好议论文题材的完形填

2、空最重要的是抓住作者的论点。不同的议论文论点的提出方式往往不同，大体有以下三种情况：（1）开门见山地提出论点。有些议论文在文章的一开始就提出论点，然后再通过具体的论据去说明论点，论据有时候既有正面的论据，也有反面的论据，最后总结全文。（2）导入式提出论点。有些议论文会先通过叙述生活中的一个具体的事情或描述生活中的现象，然后根据事情或现象所反映的问题提出自己的见解。最后再用具体的论据去说明自己的论点。（3）最后提出论点。有些议论文一开始作者仅仅是列举生活中的现象，而不表明自己的观点，而是通过对具体现象的分析，自然得出一种结论，这种结论往往就是作者的论点。3.方法论证，合情合理。这类文章都是按一定

3、的论证方法来论证的。常用的论证方法有：归纳法(分析个别事物，达到共同点，得出结论)；推理法(从原理出发，个别分析说明，得出结论)；对照法(正反对照，分析说明，得出结论)；驳论法(阐述错误观点，逐条批驳，阐明观点)。【应试策略】1. 通览把握作者的观点和态度。议论文往往体现作者对某一事物的观点，而作者的观点就是文章的论点。考生要把握作者的观点，把握作者对某一事物是褒还是贬，是赞成还是反对，而通常把握了作者的观点也就找准了文章的论点。把握文章的开头，总结文章的结尾。议论文的篇首或结尾出现话题中心，通过首段或末段把握文章的主题。2. 试填注意段与段之间的逻辑。议论文往往围绕某一个论点用不同的论据加以

4、佐证，往往每一段就是一个论据，而论据和论据之间又相互联系、互为补充，每一段往往就是其中一个角度或侧面。3. 复核通读全文，检验每条论据是否都合情合理，都能强而有力地支撑论点。【解题技巧】1. 重视首句，要有推断意识完形填空一般不给出标题，但首句往往不设置空，通常是一个完整的句子，它是全文的关键句，也是主导句。考生要从这个窗口领悟文章的有用信息，根据有用信息推断文章的大意及主题，从此找到一个突破口展开思维，准确答题。2. 通读全文，要有作者意识完形填空不是单项选择，它必须建立在理解文章的基础上，因此要通读全文，从语篇的整体内容出发，根据具体语境，结合语言结构，全面考虑，把握文章的脉络，理解全文大

5、意。在通读中，找出文章的主题，尤其是作者的观点，要有作者意识，与作者达成共鸣，把握全局，理清思路，抓住主线，按照作者的思路朝着正确的方向发展，根据特定情节，找到唯一正确的，合乎逻辑的答案。3. 瞻前顾后，要有结构意识做完形填空题时首先要做到瞻前顾后。完形填空题的选项一般从语法角度来看都可以选，但必须要根据文章前后的暗示词以及行文逻辑关系来选择。其次要注意词语用法上的细微差别，结合上下文辨析词汇的内涵、外延、褒贬以及修辞色彩。还要有结构意识，根据句子结构中所需的词汇做出恰当的选择。同时，也要注意一些惯用法，并结合英美生活常识等做出选择。4. 反复推敲，要有纠错意识填完所有空，还要复读一遍，从语法

6、角度入手，仔细推敲时态、语态、语气、主谓一致、代词的格、非谓语动词的形式、形容词和副词以及名词的搭配，要有大胆的纠错意识。而且，还要克服定时思维，重视不同体裁的文章提供的任何细节，准确无误地做好完形填空题。Cloze 1（2015福建卷）体裁文章话题词数建议时间难度自测正确率议论文寻回昔日对生活的热情32115分钟One of the easiest things in the world is to become a fault-finder. However, life can be 1 when you are not busy finding fault with it.Several

7、 years ago I 2 a letter from seventeen-year-old Kerry, who described herself as a world-class fault-finder, almost always 3 by things. People were always doing things that annoyed her, and 4 was ever good enough. She was highly self-critical and also found fault with her friends. She became a really

8、 5 person.Unfortunately, it took a horrible accident to change her 6. Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash. What made it almost 7 to deal with was that the day before the 8, Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her 9 of boyfriends, the way she was living

9、, the way she related to her mother, and various other things she felt she needed to 10. It wasnt until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became 11 her habit of finding fault. Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than to 12 everything so harshly(刻薄). She was able to transfer her ne

10、w wisdom to other parts of her 13 as well.Perhaps most of us arent as extreme at fault-finding, 14 when were honest, we can be sharply 15 of the world. Im not suggesting you 16 problems, or that you pretend things are 17 than they are, but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are 18 m

11、ost of the time, and especially when its not a really big 19.Train yourself to bite your tongue, and with a little 20, youll get really good at letting things go. And when you do, youll get back your enthusiasm and love for life.1. A. lonelyB. greatC. quietD. uneasy2. A. receivedB. answeredC. expect

12、edD. rejected3. A. threatenedB. interruptedC. botheredD. spoiled4. A. anythingB. everythingC. somethingD. nothing5. A. caringB. boringC. interestingD. surprising6. A. attitudeB. planC. measureD. explanation7. A. urgentB. unnecessaryC. certainD. impossible8. A. occasionB. eventC. accidentD. adventure

13、9. A. memoryB. noticeC. evidenceD. choice10. A .hearB. contributeC. expressD. admit11. A. aware ofB. afraid ofC. curious aboutD. confused about12. A. discussB. realizeC. judgeD. settle13. A. familyB. lifeC. careerD. education14. A. soB. orC. butD. for15. A. proudB. sureC. hopefulD. critical16. A. fa

14、ceB. createC. solveD. ignore17. A. rarerB. betterC. strangerD. worse18. A.at leastB.at lastC.by farD.so far19. A. taskB. dealC. resultD. duty20. A. practiceB. speechC. restD. pity【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。文章通过讲述Kerry从一个吹毛求疵的人变为一个学会感恩生活的人，告诉我们要管好你的嘴，寻回昔日对生活的热情。9.D Kerry批评她的朋友对男朋友的选择。choice 选择。10.C 空处所在的句子是定语从句，v

15、arious other things 是先行词,关系词that/which 代替先行词在从句中作宾语，所以用express表达。11.A 直到她的朋友严重受伤Kerry才意识到她挑毛病的习惯。aware of 意识到；afraid of 害怕；curious about 好奇；confused about 感到困惑。Cloze 2（2014广东卷）体裁文章话题词数建议时间难度自测正确率议论文父母与孩子的关系29217分钟 Parents feel that it is difficult to live with teenagers. Then again, teenagers have 1

16、feelings about their parents, saying that it is not easy living with them. According to a recent research, the most common 2between parents and teenagers is that regarding untidiness and daily routine tasks. On the one hand, parents go mad over 3rooms, clothes thrown on the floor and their childrens

17、 refusal to help with the 4. On the other hand, teenagers lose their patience continually when parents blame them for 5the towel in the bathroom, not cleaning up their room or refusing to do the shopping at the supermarket.The research, conducted by St. George University, shows that different parent

18、s have different 6to these problems. However, some approaches are more 7than others. For example, those parents who yell at their children for their untidiness, but 8clean the room for them, have fewer chances of changing their childrens 9. On the contrary, those who let teenagers experience the 10o

19、f their actions can do better. For example, when teenagers who dont help their parents with the shopping dont find their favorite drink in the refrigerator, they are forced to 11their actions.Psychologists say that 12is the most important thing in parent-child relationships. Parents should 13to thei

20、r children but at the same time they should lend an ear to what they have to say. Parents may 14their children when they are untidy but they should also understand that their room is their own private space. Communication is a two-way process. It is only by listening to and 15each other that problem

21、s between parents and children can be settled.1. A. naturalB. strongC. guiltyD. similar2. A. interestB. argumentC. linkD. knowledge3. A. noisyB. crowdedC. messyD. locked4. A. homeworkB. houseworkC. problemD. research5. A. washingB. usingC. droppingD. replacing6. A. approachesB. contributionsC. intro

22、ductionsD. attitudes7. A. complexB. popularC. scientificD. successful8. A. laterB. deliberatelyC. seldomD. thoroughly9. A. behaviorB. tasteC. futureD. nature10. A. failuresB. changesC. consequencesD. thrills11. A. defendB. delayC. repeatD. reconsider12. A. communicationB. bond C. friendshipD. trust1

23、3. A. replyB. attendC. attachD. talk14. A. hateB. scoldC. frightenD. stop15. A. lovingB. observingC. understandingD. praising【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文，文章就父母与孩子的关系进行了讨论。最新研究表明，父母与孩子之间最为常见的争执在于不整洁和日常家务这两个方面。同时，父母不同的应对方法收效也不尽相同。心理学家说，在处理父母与孩子的关系时，最重要的还是在于双方的沟通和理解。5.C 当父母不断地责备孩子们在浴室乱扔毛巾，不打扫房间，不去超市购物时，孩子们会失去耐心(而跟父母

24、争执)。 根据句意选C。其余选项不符合语境。6.A 根据下文中的However， some approaches are more_than others中的approaches可知此处选A。Cloze 1(江苏省盐城市2017届高三上学期期中考试)体裁文章话题词数建议时间难度自测正确率议论文自律的力量及其对人们的影响37117分钟Do you know how discipline can help you achieve your goals? Do you know that discipline is important to 1 ? What is the power of disc

25、ipline? How to become disciplined?You might think that many people are not self-disciplined, 2 Im going to prove to you that people in general are disciplined, but 3 , in non-beneficial ways. There are many people who smoke daily 4 the fact that it is harmful and 5 and it could kill them. Such peopl

26、e are disciplined at 6 cigarettes and smoking. There are people who are disciplined at drinking lots of alcohol daily. Such people are disciplined at consuming alcohol. Do you 7 where I am going with this?One of my friends who has a 8 for running spends half an hour every single morning running. Whe

27、ther it is snowing or raining, she has to run. This is the kind of 9 discipline that you are supposed to 10 and create in your life.Do you know someone who bought a book, but didnt finish 11 it for some reason? Do you know someone who decided to improve his 12 and start eating more vegetables and fr

28、uit, but after two weeks, he 13 ?These are all examples of 14 of discipline. If you are not disciplined, then you will have a hard time to get your 15 . As I mentioned in my book The ultimate guide to achieving your goals that you could know what you want, 16 and take action, but if you are not self

29、-disciplined, you will 17 give up.With discipline, you can start getting up early in the morning, exercise, and 18 yourself of the non-beneficial habits such as smoking and eating non-healthy food. With discipline, you can change negative habits to positive habits. With discipline, you can join the

30、gym and start working on having a 19 body. Do you see what the 20 of discipline can do?Always remember what Jim Rohn said, One discipline always leads to another discipline.1. A. wealthB. successC. fortuneD. health2. A. forB. andC. orD. but3. A. unfortunatelyB. unwillinglyC. unnecessarilyD. unexpect

31、edly4. A. besidesB. despiteC. exceptD. without5. A. courageousB. disgustingC. dangerousD. forbidden6. A. sellingB. buyingC. gettingD. consuming7. A. careB. seeC. feelD. mind8. A. passionB. giftC. respectD. reason9. A. formalB. positiveC. negativeD. religious10. A. formB. learnC. followD. believe11.

32、A. readingB. recitingC. analyzingD. reviewing12. A. serviceB. dietC. skillD. performance13. A. broke downB. turned upC. gave upD. set out14. A. lackB. gestureC. signD. symbol15. A. attentionB. orderC. creditD. desire16. A. planB. listenC. askD. hope17. A. obviouslyB. practicallyC. likelyD. quickly18

33、. A. persuadeB. informC. deliverD. break19. A. healthierB. weakerC. heavierD. clumsier20. A. demandB. powerC. principleD. measure【文章大意】本文议论文。文章主要论述了自律的力量及其对人们的影响，作者呼吁人们加强自律，破除不良习性，培养健康向上的生活习惯。5.C 考查形容词辨析。courageous勇敢的；disgusting恶心的；dangerous危险的；forbidden被禁止的。此处顺承前文，与harmful对应，表示吸烟是有害和危险的。故选C。6.D 考查动

34、词辨析。sell卖；buy买；get得到；consume消耗。句意：这种人在消耗香烟和吸烟方面是遵守规律的。另外根据后文的Such people are disciplined at consuming alcohol.可知，此处应使用consume消耗。故选D。7.B 考查动词辨析。care关心；see看到，明白；feel感觉；mind介意。句意：你明白我在哪里将会引用到这点吗？故选B。8.A 考查名词辨析。passion激情；gift礼物；respect尊重；reason原因。根据下文的Whether it is snowing or raining， she has to run.（无论

35、下雪或下雨，她都必须去跑步）可知，我的一个朋友有每隔一天进行一次晨跑的激情。故选A。9.B 考查形容词辨析。formal正式的；positive积极的；negative消极的；religious宗教的。此处与前文吸烟、喝酒不良习惯形成对照，这是一种积极的自律性。故选B。10.C 考查动词辨析。form形成；learn学习；follow遵循；believe相信。句意：这是一种在你的生活中，你应该遵循和创造的积极自律性。故选C。11.A 考查动词辨析。read阅读；recite背诵；analyze分析；review审查。句意：你知道有的人买了一本书，但是因为某种原因没有读完吗？故选A。12.B 考

36、查名词辨析。service服务；diet饮食；skill技巧；performance表现。根据下文的start eating more vegetables and fruit，可知此处指改善自己的饮食。故选B。17.C 考查副词辨析。obviously显然地；practically实际上；likely可能；quickly快速地。句意：但是如果你的自律性不强，你将可能放弃。故选C。18.D 考查动词辨析。persuade劝说；inform通知；deliver传递；break打破，解除。句意：有纪律，你能够每天早上早起、锻炼，你能把你身上像吸烟和吃不健康食物的不好习惯打破。故选D。19.A 考查

37、形容词辨析。healthier更健康的；weaker更弱的；heavier更重的；clumsier更笨的。句意：有了自律性，你能进入体育馆，开始为有一个更健康的身体而努力。故选A。20.B 考查名词辨析。demand要求；power力量；principle纪律；measure措施。句意：你看到自律的力量能做些什么了吗？故选B。Cloze 2(2017届安徽省师范大学附属中学高三上学期期中考试)体裁文章话题词数建议时间难度自测正确率议论文和别人比较没有意义34318分钟In a world where comparisons happen non-stop， it is difficult to

38、 look outside yourself and toever be 1with who you are. Theres always someone whos a bit 2. The only solution is to reach 3and measure against what Warren Buffett calls your own inner yardstick. There is no more 4measure for comparison than who you were yesterday， last week or lastdecade， when you w

39、ere at your 5.Nothing useful ever comes from comparison to others. 6you see yourself as better thansomeone and you get 7， or you see someone else as better than you and you feel like all yourhard work is for 8. It is a fools game. Not one of us is 9alike. The only direct and honestcomparison is 10yo

40、urself. Everything else is apples to oranges.My opinion is that you are only11to compare yourself to someone else if their life 12is the same as your own. Good luck finding that match. And one thing is for sure. No matter howhard you work and how 13you are， there will always be someone who can run a

41、 little faster， jump a little higher， score a little better or look a little nicer in a swimsuit. And if theres not， you can 14someone is coming up fast behind you. So how can you always win in life? Become your best 15.Having an image of your most recent past limits is the perfect thing to 16you to

42、 the next level.If you ran 7 flights of stairs yesterday， then do 8 today. Who 17if the guy next to you did 15? Itdoesnt make a bit of 18. You are a more fit person today than you were yesterday. Yourown 19is all you need.If you 20to a slightly higher standard of yourself every day， you will always

43、be at the top of your game.1. A. patientB. strictC. contentD. concerned2. A. strongerB. wiserC. lazierD. better3. A. outB. upC. insideD. outside4. A. accurateB. carefulC. usefulD. powerful5. A. endB. bestC. sideD. convenience6. A. WhetherB. IfC. OnceD. Either7. A. lazyB. inspiredC. busyD. satisfied8

44、. A. funB. nothingC. sureD. success9. A. reallyB. fullyC. exactlyD. actually10. A.toB.byC. forD. within11. A. allowedB. suggestedC. instructedD. directed12. A. positionB. situationC. occasionD. accommodation13. A. diligentB. dedicatedC. optimisticD. addicted14. A. declareB. concludeC. announceD. bet

45、15. A. assistantB. coachC. competitorD. teacher16. A. leadB. pushC. exposeD. cause17. A. wondersB. saysC. caresD. asks18. A. differenceB. senseC. changeD. effort19. A. benefitB. resultC. habitD. progress20. A. commitB. devoteC. tendD. contribute【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。作者在文中论述了和别人比较没有意义。我们要和过去的自己比较，用自己的内在标准衡量自

46、己。1.C考查形容词词义辨析。patient耐心的；strict严格的；content满意的；concerned担心的。由语境可知，在这个充满对比的世界中，我们总是无法对自己满意。总是有人比我们好。故C选项正确。5.B考查名词词义辨析。end结束，尽头，末端；best最好的事物；side边；convenience方便。人们要和自己过去比的话，应该是和过去最佳时期进行比较，故B选项正确。6.D考查连词词义辨析。whether是否；if如果，是否；once一旦；either或者，要么。eitheror意为要么要么。要么你看到自己比别人强的时候，你会变得懒惰，不思进取；要么你看到别人比你好，你感觉你

47、的努力没有用。故D选项正确。7.A考查形容词词义辨析。lazy懒惰的；inspired受鼓舞的；busy忙碌的；satisfied满意的。结合上题解析可知，A选项切题。8.B 考查名词（代词）。fun乐趣；nothing什么也没有；sure确实的；success成功。for nothing意为免费的，徒然的。结合上题解析可知，B选项正确。9.C 考查副词词义辨析。really真正地，真地；fully完全地，充分地；exactly精确地，恰好，正好；actually事实上，实际上。和别人去比是傻子的游戏，因为人和人没有完全相似的。故C选项正确。10.D考查介词。文章第一段最后提到要和昨天的自己，

48、上周的自己或者是10年前的自己去比较，用自己内在的衡量标准去衡量自己，所以在此应该是自己内在的比较，故D选项正确。11.A考查动词词义辨析。allow允许；suggest建议；instruct指示，指导；direct引导。句意：你只可以与那些和你生活状况一样的人去比较。即允许自己和别人相比较。故A选项正确。16.B考查动词词义辨析。lead领导；push推，促进；expose使暴露；cause引起，造成。自己心中有一个最近达到过的极限是最好的东西，它可以敦促自己朝下一个高度前进。故B选项正确。17.C考查动词词义辨析。wonder疑惑，想知道；say说；care在意；ask问，要求。如果你旁边

49、的小伙子跑了15段楼梯谁又在乎呢？从上文可知作者要人们做到自己一天比一天进步，而不去和别人比，不去在意别人的进步。C选项切题。18. A考查名词词义辨析。difference区别；sense感官，感觉；change改变；effort努力。别人做得再好和我们也毫无关系，我们只和自己比较，所以即使你跑7段楼梯，别人跑15段，那和我们一点关系都没有。make a different意为有关系，有影响，故A选项正确。19. D考查名词词义辨析。benefit好处；result结果；habit习惯；progress进步，进展。从上下文可知此处是指我们没必要去和别人比，去看别人的成绩，只要我们自己每天都在

50、进步，那么我们就是一个成功的人，你的进步就是你需要的东西。故D选项正确。20. A考查动词词义辨析。commit 犯罪，保证；devote献（身），奉献，投入(时间、精力等)；tend倾向于；contribute贡献。如果你保证每天都有所提高，那么你将永远都是胜利者。A选项正确。Cloze 1体裁文章话题词数建议时间难度自测正确率议论文人生应该拥有对手33818分钟A jaguar is an endangered animal. It is said that there are less than 20 in the world 1, one of which is now living

51、in the national zoo of Peru. In order to 2 this jaguar, Peruvians 3a pitch of land in the zoo for it, where there are flocks of animals for it to eat. Anyone 4 has visited the zoo praised it to be the Heaven of Tiger. However, no one has ever seen the jaguar hunt the animals. What we could see is it

52、s lying in its house eating and sleeping.Some people thought the jaguar felt too lonely so they rented a female tiger to 5it. Nonetheless, it did not make too much 6. The jaguar just sometimes went out of its house with its girlfriend and stayed in the sun for a while.It is 7 for the jaguar to be la

53、zy in this environment. A tiger is the king of forest but you simply put some small8 around him. That is why it showed no 9 in going out. Why don t you put two wolves around him? a visitor proposed. Others 10 him and put five panthers into its 11. Since then, the jaguar didnt go back to its house any more. It either stood on top of the hill roaring or 12from the hill strolling without sleeping all day, totally got back to its 13.In our world , 14 creature without any rivals is lifeless . If a man lives without 15 he is bound to be satisfied 16 the present and will not strive for the better