定语从句Unit 5.ppt

1、The positions of the attribute: （定语的位置）,1. This is a flower basket. 2. This is a basket full of flowers. 3. This is a basket which I want to put flowers in.（单个的词作定语时要放于被修饰词的前面，短语或从句作定语时要放于被修饰词的后面。）,定语从句 Written by：吕振华 Checked by : 肖群及小组成员 生成日2011-11-8,He is an English teacher who likes singing songs

2、.,定语从句：在英语复合句中，由关联 词引导，修饰句中的名词、代词，有时也修饰主句的一部份或整个句子的从句称为定语从句。 它分为：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 被定语从句所修饰的那个词称为先行词。,关系代词：which, that, who, whom, whose, as（在句中充当成分，可作主语，宾语，表语，定语）,关系副词：when, where, why，在句中只作状语。,引导词,先行词,引导词（从句中作主语）,定语从句,关系代词：which, that, who, whom, whose, as（在句中充当成分，可作主语，宾语，表语，定语）,引导词,关系代词：which, th

3、at, who, whom, whose, as（在句中充当成分，可作主语，宾语，表语，定语）,引导词,关系副词：when, where, why，在句中只作状语。,关系代词：which, that, who, whom, whose, as（在句中充当成分，可作主语，宾语，表语，定语）,引导词,He is an English teacher who likes singing songs.,关系副词：when, where, why，在句中只作状语。,关系代词：which, that, who, whom, whose, as（在句中充当成分，可作主语，宾语，表语，定语）,引导词,引导词（

4、从句中作主语）,He is an English teacher who likes singing songs.,关系副词：when, where, why，在句中只作状语。,关系代词：which, that, who, whom, whose, as（在句中充当成分，可作主语，宾语，表语，定语）,引导词,引导词,关系代词：which, that, who, whom, whose, as（在句中充当成分，可作主语，宾语，表语，定语）,引导词,关系副词：when, where, why，在句中只作状语。,关系代词：which, that, who, whom, whose, as（在句中充当

5、成分，可作主语，宾语，表语，定语）,引导词,He is an English teacher who likes singing songs.,关系副词：when, where, why，在句中只作状语。,关系代词：which, that, who, whom, whose, as（在句中充当成分，可作主语，宾语，表语，定语）,引导词,引导词（从句中作主语）,He is an English teacher who likes singing songs.,关系副词：when, where, why，在句中只作状语。,关系代词：which, that, who, whom, whose, as

6、（在句中充当成分，可作主语，宾语，表语，定语）,引导词,Example: Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.,1.The women who lives next door is a teacher.,The woman is a teacher.,Workers built shelters for survivors.,The woman lives next door.,The survivors homes had been destroyed.,2.The nurse is kind

7、. The nurse looks after my sister.,The nurse is kind.,who/that looks after my sister,3.The teacher is Mr Zhou . The teacher often makes us laugh in class.,The teacher is Mr Zhou.,who often makes us laugh in class,关系代词的选择,Whats the name of the girl who just came in? b. Do you know the student( whom /

8、who )Jane is talking to? c. Do you know the student to whom Jane is talking?(不能用who),(2)that 引导的定语从句,a. Here is the money that/which will be given to you. b. Do you like the book (that/which) you borrowed yesterday? c. He isnt the man that he seems to be.,(3).Which引导的定语从句,The building which stands n

9、ear the river is our school.,The room （which） there are a lot of books in is a reading room. The room in which there are a lot of books is a reading room. It might snow this weekend,in which case we wont go hiking in the mountains.,关系代词引导定语从句时，要注意几点： （1）Whom, which作介词宾语时，介词一般可以放在它们的前面，也可以放在从句原来的位置上，

10、但是含有介词的动词固定词组中，介词应该放在原来的位置上。,There is a room,in which you can study. which you study in.,Rose is the student whom you should look after/take care of.,.只用that不用which的情况：,.当先行词是不定代词时，如：all, everything, anything, nothing, much, few, little, none, the one等。,All that can be done has been done.,.先行词前有the

11、only, few, one of, little, no, all, every, very等词修饰时。,There is no difficulty that we cant overcome. You can take any seat that is free. This is the very book that Im looking for.,.先行词被序数词first, last, next等或形容词的最高级修饰时。,This is the first letter that Ive written in English. This is the most beautiful p

12、ark that I have visited.,.当先行词既有人又有物时。,They talked about the teachers and the schools that they had visited.,.当关系代词是系动词be后面的表语时。,China isnt the country that she used to be 50 years ago.,当主句是以which, 或what开头的特殊疑问句时。,What did you hear that made you so angry？ Which is the book that you are looking for ?

13、,there be 句型中,There is a seat in the corner that is still free.,(3).只用which不用that的情况,先行词在非限制性定语从句中充当主语或宾语。,His money was stolen by a thief, which made him very sad.,.当关系代词前有介词。,This is the factory in which my mother works.,.当先行词本身是that时。,Whats that which flashed in the sky just now?,（4）用who 不用that 的

14、情况 先行词为人称代词he,they 等时，关系代词多用who He who knows others is learned. 知人者有学问。 They who live longest will see most. 寿命长见识光。 先行词为指人的不定代词 somebody, one, anyone, few, those 等时，多用who Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here.,I need someone who can do the work quickly. 指人的先行词与定语从句之间被其他词分开时 I met a fo

15、reign student from Nanjing University who could communicate with me in Chinese. 在以who 开头的疑问句中 Who is the man that is waiting at the bus stop？,（4）关系代词whose的用法Whose是关系代词who的所有格形式，用作名词的限定语，whose可引导限制性或非限制性定语从句，whose和它所修饰的名词在句中作主语或动词或介词的宾语。,He is an excellent teacher,whose daughter studies abroad.,the d

16、aughter of whom studies abroad.,Have you seen a dictionary whose cover is blue?,whose经常后接名词，这结构可以用the+名词of+whom/which来替换，意义不变。,whose 在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词 与 whose 后的名词为所属关系。,This is the book whose cover is blue. This is the book of which the cover is blue.,This is the book the cover of which is blue.,Do y

17、ou know the girl whose hair is very short in our class?,He is the student whose pencil I broke yesterday.,This teacher, with whose son I work, is liked by all the students.,The chair whose legs are broken is being repaired now.,(5).关系代词who,which, that,在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须必须和先行词保持一致。,Anyone who _

18、over 20 can join the army. I ,who _ your friend , will help you.,is,am,1. This is the bag _ my mother bought yesterday. A. that B. who C. whom D. this 2.I know the student _you borrowed the pen. A. that B. from whom C. from which D. whom 3. Is this the factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday?

19、A. the one B. which C. who D. whom 4. Is this factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday? A. the one B. that C. which D. /,练一练！,5. The only language _ is easy to learn is the mother tongue. A. which B. that C. / D. it 6. _ cleans the blackboard should be praised. A. That B. Who C. The one who D.

20、The students who 7.I know the boy _you gave the book _. A. whom; to B. which; to C. to whom; to D. that; to him 8. This is the best book _ I have been looking for all this year. A. who B. whom C. which D. /,The earth is round,_ is known to all. _ is known to all, the earth is round _ is known to all

21、 that the earth is round.,as,As,It,4 as 的使用,This is such an interesting book _ we all like. This is so interesting a book _ we all like.,as,as,这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。,定语从句,4 as 的使用,This is such an interesting book _we all like it. This is so interesting a book _we all like it.,4 as 的使用,that,that,这本书如此有趣，大

22、家都喜欢。,结果状语从句,This is the same book as I lost. This is the same book that I lost.,这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。,这本书就是我丢的那本。,4 as 的使用,1. It is very useful to master a foreign language,_ has been said before.,as,2 _ everyone hoped, Mary has won the first prize.,As,4 as 的使用,1.where的用法： 表的地方，修饰场所、方位名词。 This is the hous

23、e. I was born in the house. This is the house which/that I was born in. This is the house in which I was born. This is the house where I was born. 先行词 关系副词 注：关系副词可等于 “介词+关系代词which”,When,where ,why 引导的定语从句,2. when的用法： 表的时候，修饰日子年代等名词。 We will never forget the day when we joined the party. 3. why的用法： 表

24、的原因，的理由。 The reason why I called is to invite you to a party. 注：区分与关系代词的区别，只要在定语从句中担任状语的，就是关系副词。,关系副词在定语从句当中只能充当状语。 1.I wont forget the time when I got married. 2.Do you still remember the days when we stayed together? 3.This is the place where we had a good time. 4.Is this the house where Mr. Smith

25、 lives? 5.I dont know the reason why he wont join us. 6.Do you know the reason why he didnt come to sweep the classroom?,when,where,why 的用法,关系副词when, where, why 和介词+which的关系 关系副词when, where, why可用适当的介词+which 来替代。如：when=in/on/at+which, where=in/on/at+which, why=for+which Ps:介词的位置非常灵活，有时放在关系代词之前，有时放在动

26、词之后。 1. I wont forget the date when (on which) I was born. 2. This is the room where (in which) I lived. = This is the room which I lived in. 3. I dont know the reason why (for which) he hasnt come today. 4. Tom still remembers the days when (during which) they lived in Tianjin.,Ill never forget the day when I joined the army.,on which,Jim still remembers the happy time when we got together last year.,during which,It is 1st Oct. when we celebrate our nations birthday.,on which,Ill remember the day we spent together.,vt.,This is the house where I lived two years ago.,in which,We