全新版大学英语第三册-U.ppt

1、Unit Four,Extraterrestrials,College English (New Edition),Book Three,The Water Place,Issac Asimov,Text A,Issac Asimov (1920-1992)， a Russian-born American writer of science fiction，was born in Petrovichi, Russia. Petrovichi is very proud of their native son and have honored the place of his birth wi

2、th a memorial stone.,Issac Asimov,By March 18, 1941, Issac Asimov had written thiry-one stories, sold seventeen, and fourteen had been published. At that time, he considered himself nothing more than a third-rate writer.,Issac Asimov,That evening, he sat down to write his thirty-second story, based

3、on an idea suggested by Astounding editor John W. Campbell the day before. Two days later, he received a letter from Campbell, and the history of science fiction was changed forever.,Issac Asimov,Among his best-known science fictions: I, Robert (1950); the Foundation Trilogy (1951-1953).,Issac Asimo

4、v,Background Information,The Solar System,Extraterrestrial life,venus,The U.S. Supreme Court,Congress,Income tax,US Federal Government,Venice, Mercury(水星); Venus(金星); Earth(地球); Mars(火星). The main asteroid belt lies between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. The outer solar system: Jupiter(木星); Saturn(

5、土星); Uranus(天王星); Neptune(海王星). Pluto(冥王星) is now classified as a dwarf planet.,The Solar System,venus,The Venus appear in sky in morning and dusk separately, ancient to divine by astrology house thought there existed two such planets. They call them “stars at dawn” and “evening stars” separately. I

6、n English , the Venus is goddess of ancient Rome, like the love of soliciting and beautiful .And all the time , the Venus has all been shrouded in the mysterious veil by the curly cloud.,venus,Known for its beauty in the sky, Venus is the second planet from the Sun and similar in size to Earth . How

7、ever ,its immense surface heat and pressure make the planet completely uninhabitable . It has a thick , poisonous atmosphere of carbon dioxide and sulfuric acid. Thick clouds hide a surface covered with lava flows ,quake faults and impact craters.,Venice is a city in northern Italy, the capital of t

8、he region Veneto, a population of 271,367. Together with Padua, the city is included in the Padua-Venice Metropolitan Area (population 1,600,000). The city historically was an independent nation. Venice has been known as the City of Water, City of Bridges, and The City of Light. It is often cited as

9、 one of the most beautiful cities in the world.,Venice,US Federal Government,The US federal government is divided into three separate, but equally powerful branches: the legislative (which writes the laws); the executive (which carries out the laws); and the judicial (which reviews the way laws are

10、applied). The separation of powers also allows for a system of checks and balances within the government. Each branch is given certain control over the other two, which balances the power and keeps the potential for abuse of power in check.,The judicial branch is one of the three branches of US fede

11、ral government and operates the system of law courts. The Supreme Court in Washington, D.C. is the highest court in the US, and is very powerful. It has nine judges, called justices. Traditionally, they are called the nine old men, although there has been one woman justice. The head of the court has

12、 the title of Chief Justice of the United States. Justices are appointed be by the President, although the Senate must give its approval to the choice. There has been only one African-American justice.,The U.S. Supreme Court,Congress,Congress is the law-making body in the US. Congress has two houses

13、, the Senate (参议院) and the House of Representatives (众议院). The main job of Congress is making laws. Before a new law can become effective, both houses have to pass it, and it must then have the approval of the President. In a system of government based on a series of checks and balances, the two hou

14、ses of Congress act as a check on each other, as well as together forming a check on the powers of the executive branch, especially the President.,It is a tax paid according to a persons level of income, with people on higher incomes paying higher rates of tax. It is used by the government to help p

15、ay for things like health care and education. It is collected in Britain by the Inland Revenue and in the US by the Internal Revenue Service.,Income tax,Preparation,1.Do you believe E.T./ UFO( unidentified flying object)? 2.If its true, what do you want if you met some of it?,Text Organization,Part

16、One (Paras 1-3) The narrator claims that no extraterrestrials will ever land on earth.,Text Organization,Part Two (Paras 4-48) The narrator gives an account of his encounter with extraterrestrials, making it clear why he claims that they will return no more.,Text Organization,Section One (Paras 4-5)

17、 (before the E.T.s arrival) Bart got quite irritable because of his complicated tax form.,Text Organization,Section Two (Paras 6-11) (the landing of the flying saucer) The narrator was shocked at the sight of a flying saucer landing on Earth and two men getting out of it, while Bart didnt notice it

18、at all.,Text Organization,Section Three (Paras 12-34) (the meeting with the E.T.) Unaware of the guests identity and caught up with his tax form, Bart talked to the guests with an impatient and sarcastic tone and turned down their request rudely. Their conversation ended with the guests promise of n

19、ot coming back.,Text Organization,Section Four (Paras 35-48) (after the E.T.s departure) After the E.T. left, the narrator got mad at Bart because of his irrational attitude to the guests. Bart didnt realize his stupid error until it was too late.,WORDS,1. watery: a. (1) of or like water; containing

20、 a lot of water bad; (2) weak and/or pale eg: His watery, crossed eyes rolled in exaltation. 他得意洋洋地转动着水汪汪的斗鸡眼。 go to a watery grave 淹死，溺死 His eyes were a watery blue. 他的眼睛是淡蓝色的。,2. extraterrestrial: n. / a. Eg: There is a branch of biology that deals with the search for extraterrestrial life and the

21、 effects of extraterrestrial surroundings on living organisms. Cf: terrestrial : a. 地球的；陆地的 celestial: a. 天空的 ecclesiastical iklizistikl a. 教会的，牧师的，神职的,3.Pessimist: n. a person who always thinks that what is going to happen will be bad pessimist optimist pessimism optimism pessimistic optimistic be

22、pessimistic/ optimistic about,4.on account of: because of eg: This house isnt really suitable for an old person on account of all those stairs. account: n story, description by/ from all accounts( according to what everyone says) consideration, thought eg: You must take into account the boys long il

23、lness. a sum of money kept in a bank which may be added to and taken from eg: My account is empty, I have no money in it. on no account: not for any reason eg: On no account must you go there.,5. deputy, vice 与 associate 的区别 三者都有副职的意思。但是副职有很多种。 “deputy”用于一般副职，如主任，处长，科长。 副主任：deputy director 副处长：deput

24、y division chief 副科长：deputy section chief “vice”用于较高层次的副职，如总理，主席。 副部长：vice minister 副市长：vice mayor 副省长：vice provincial governor 副总理：vice premier 副主席：vice chairman deputy也有正职的助手的意思,还有正职不在时,由它代理代表的意思.,associate用作副时一般用于职称。 副教授=Associate Professor 副研究员=Associate Research Fellow副主编=Associate Editor-in-Ch

25、ief 副编审=Associate Senior Editor 副研究馆员=Associate Research Fellow 副译审=Associate Senior Translator 副主任医师=Associate Senior Doctor,6. work up: spend time and effort preparing; produce or develop gradually Eg: The head of the department asked me to work up some sample compositions and give them to the stu

26、dents. Lets go for a walk to work up an appetite (=to make ourselves hungry) Ive worked up quite a thirst playing tennis. Im afraid I cant work up much enthusiasm for this scheme.,6. 几个关于“残废”的单词 Handicap: n. 残废；v. 妨碍 Cripple：n. 跛子; 残废的人; v. 使跛, 削弱, 使成残废 Limp: n. 跛行 v. 跛行; adj. 柔软的, 软弱的, 无力的 Disable:

27、 v. 使失去能力; 使无资格; 使伤残,5.patient:adj having or showing the ability to bear long waiting, or anything unpleasant, calmly and without complaining be patient with sb./ of sth. n a person receiving medical treatment from a doctor and/ or in a hospital eg:我家里有个病人。 patience: n be impatient for/ to do/ of eg

28、:Im impatient of the sight. for the sight. of seeing him. to see him.,4.approachable: friendly and easy to talk to (unapproachable) eg: You will find he is a very approachable person. approach: v to come near or nearer to eg: The time is approaching when we must leave. aboutto speak to in order to m

29、ake an offer or request for the first time eg: Did he approach you about lending him some money? to begin to consider or deal with eg: There are several ways of approaching this problem. n Uthe act of approaching eg: The approach of winter brings cold weather. at the approach of Ca means or way of e

30、ntering, a manner or method of doing sth. approach to,5.exhaust: v to tire out eg: What an exhausting day! to use up or deal with completely eg: I think weve exhausted this subject; Lets go on to the next. n the pipe which allows unwanted gas, steam, etc., to escape from an engine or machine the gas

31、 or steam which escapes through this pipe exhaustion: n the state of being very tired exhaustive: adj thorough eg: The men made an exhaustive search of the forest, but couldnt find the missing children.,6.bug:n any small insect, creeping or flying a small living thing causing disease eg: Im not feel

32、ing well; I must have must picked up a bug somewhere. an apparatus for listening secretly to other peoples conversations eg: The police tested the room for bugs. an eager but sometimes foolish or not lasting interest in sth v to annoy( someone) continually to fit with a secret listening apparatus eg

33、: The police have bugged my office.,7.observation:n action of noticing ability to notice things eg: His powers of observation are poor. a remark make a observation under observation( being carefully watched during some period of time) eg: She is in hospital under observation. observe: v watch carefu

34、lly to act in accordance with( law or custom( esp. religious) eg: The government observes a peaceful foreign policy. observe sb. do/ doing sth. observant: adj quick at noticing things( unobservant),8.adopt:v to take and use anothers idea or custom for ones own use eg: We adopted the new method of ma

35、king wine. choose and take a child of other parents and bring up as ones own to approve formally; accept eg: The committee adopted his suggestions. adoption: n the act of adopting eg: If you cannot have children of your own, why not consider adoption? adoptive: adj having adopted( esp. a child) eg: her adoptive parents,9.assume: v thatto take as a fact or as true without proof; suppose eg: If hes not here in five minutes, well assume he isnt coming. Assuming it rains tomorrow, what shall we do? cf: presume eg: She assumed you had learned it, but I presumed you hadnt as you di