iea-enel workshop oct2006行业减排与电力行业减排的很多相关问题mckee

1、POWER SECTOR APPROACHES TO CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGEBarbara N. McKee Director, CSLF SecretariatIEA-ENEL Workshop onSectoral Approaches to GHG Mitigation Rome, ItalyOctober 30, 20062Human Welfare Requires EnergyCommercial Share ofIndicator of Human WelfareTotal Energy0-20 %21-40 %41-100 %Life Expect

2、ancy(Years)59.869.069.5Probability of not surviving to 40School Enrollment (%)52.465.476.9Children Underweight (%)40.915.111.9No Access to Clean Water (%)20.922.812.8Percent of Worlds Population without Commercial Energ1009080Percent70605040302010301970198019902000Household Electricity Con

3、sumption4500400035003000kwh/cap2500200015001000MiddleCEECsCISLatinOtherChinaAfricaSouthWorldEastAmericaAsiaAsia5000North AmericaJapanOceania Western198019902002EuropeAsia (NICs)Source: Enerdata4Global power generation and its CO2 emissions will increase.18,00016,00014,000China IndiaOther DevelopingT

4、ransitional OECD12,00010,0008,0006,0004,0002,000-200220102020203035,00030,000China IndiaOther DevelopingTransitional OECD25,00020,00015,00010,0005,000-2002201020202030Power Generation (TWh)CO2 Emissions from Power Generation (Mt/Yr)The largest increases will be in developing countries.5Fossil fuels

5、will continue to be used globally for power generation.World Electric Power Generation by Source, 2002 and 2030 (TWh) 1400012000100008000600040002000020022030Coal Gas OilNuclear Hydro RenewablesSource: IEA,WorldEnergyOutloo,k20046Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) can reduce CO2 emitted from power gen

6、eration.Source: U.S. Department of Energy7Greatest CCS potential is in power generation.Gigatons (Gt) CO2 Captured in 2050 (Total = 18 Gt)17Captured by SectorFuel ProcessingCaptured by Technology2018Other16Manufacturing14121086Power Generation420Chemical Looping NGCCIGCCSource: International Energy

7、Agency, Prospects for CO2 Capture and Storage, December 2004But CCS in power generation faces challengesDeploying CCS in power generation faces challenges Developing cost-effective capture technologies Financing deployment Creating a viable legal/regulatory framework Building adequate human capacity

8、 Facilitating public awareness and acceptanceCollaboration is needed to advance the technology and overcome challenges. Among governments Within the power sector (including suppliers) Between government and industry Between power sector and oil & gas industry (including suppliers)Potential benefits

9、are large. Reach goals and solve problems faster Reduce costs to each participant Stimulate creativity and learn from each other Use complementary capabilities to solve problemsYet, collaboration faces challenges. Competing interests and objectives Intellectual propertyStill, partnerships and collab

10、oration takes place.Some examplesInternational Partnerships Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum IEA Working Party on Fossil Fuels IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme Asia-Pacific PartnershipPublic-Private Partnerships FutureGen (US) Coal21 (Australia) Clean Power Coalition (Canada) Cleaner Fossil Fuels P

11、rogramme (UK) Zero Emission Power Plant Technology Platform (EC)Private Sector Alliances General Electric / Bechtel - IGCC BP / General Electric Hydrogen Turbines Statoil / Shell CCS ConocoPhillips / Fluor- IGCCThe Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum (CSLF) International climate change initiative

12、established in 2003 Focus: Development of improved cost-effective technologies for the separation, capture, transport and long-term safe storage of CO2 Purpose: To make these technologies broadly available internationally; Identify and address wider issues relating to carbon capture and storage, i.e

13、. to promote the appropriate technical, political, and regulatory environments for the development of such technologyCSLF Membership is GrowingMembers Prior to 2005 (17)AustraliaBrazilCanadaChinaColombiaE.CFranceGermanyIndiaItalyJapanMexicoNorwayRussiaS. AfricaU.K.U.S.A.New Members in 2005 (4)New Me

14、mbers in 2006 (1)DenmarkNetherlands S. KoreaSaudi ArabiaGreeceCSLF Strategic Plan guides future activities.Strategic Plan Components: CCS Technology Development and Deployment Policy and Legal Framework Capacity Building Public Awareness and Acceptability Involve Stakeholders Collaboration with Othe

15、r International OrganizationsCSLF information-sharing mechanisms include stakeholders. Reporting at CSLF meetings International task forces Workshops and other events CSLF Website: Stakeholder registry: /cslfstake/ Recognition of projects: http:/www.cslfo

16、/projects.htmInternational collaboration on 17 CSLF projects covers all aspects of CCS.ARC Enhanced Coal-Bed Methane Recovery ProjectCANMET Energy Technology Centre (CETC) R&D Oxyfuel Combustion for CO2CASTORCO2 Capture ProjectCO2 GeoNetCO2 Separation from Pressurized Gas StreamCO2 SINKCO2 ST

17、OREDemonstration of Capture, Injection and Geologic Sequestration of CO2 in Basalt formations in IndiaDevelopment of Chinas Coalbed Methane Technology / CO2 Sequestration ProjectENCAPFrio ProjectGeologic CO2 Storage Assurance at In Salah, AlgeriaITC CO2 Capture with Chemical SolventsRegional Carbon

18、Sequestration ProjectsRegional Opportunities for CO2 Capture in ChinaWeyburn II CO2 Storage ProjectInformation sharing on CSLF-recognized Projects Project sponsors should be willing to share non-proprietary project information with other CSLF Members. Visits to project site allowed for representativ

19、es of CSLF Members. Expected information from project sufficient to allow others to make improved estimates of technologys potential technical performance, costs, and benefits for future applications. The project should be started and major milestones reported prior to the expiration of the CSLF Cha

20、rter (currently 2013). Summaries should be made available, in English, for CSLF website.FutureGen: Public-Private Partnership with International Participation 10-year industry/government partnership involves many power generators. FutureGen combines IGCC with CCS and hydrogen production. 275 MW power plant will emit virtually no pollutants. Investment required is US $1 billion; site selection is now down to final four