高考专项-情态动词.ppt

1、Grammar,情态动词,单个情态动词shall, must, mustnt, should, would, will的用法,情态动词表示虚拟的用法,情态动词的一些惯用法,情态动词表猜测的用法,一. 表示猜测时情态动词所表示的可能性,1.由大到小依次是： must - should/ought to -cancould- may/might - cant/ couldnt,1. - Is my dress finished now? I need them tomorrow morning. - Not yet. But they should be ready this afternoon.

2、 2. She is the last to help others, but she might give you a hand if you go to her.,- Look! A man is coming this way. Who can it be? - Can it be our history teacher? - No, it cant be him. Hes out today. - Then it must be Mr. Zhang, our head teacher.,表猜测时must用于肯定句中，否定句和疑问句常用can/ could。,情态动词表猜测,2. 对不同

3、时间所发生的动作表示猜测：情态动词加不同的动词形式。（情态动词只表示可能性大小，动作发生的时间由其后实义动词的不同形式来体现） do (动词原形) 对现在、将来的猜测 情态动词 + be doing 对正在进行的动作猜测 have done 对过去或已经完成的动作猜测,3.情态动词+have done表过去猜测,Must have done 过去一定做 Could have done 过去可能做（肯、疑问、否定） May/might have done 过去可能做 Cant/couldnt have done 过去不可能做,4.表示猜测时情态动词的反意疑问句,1.Judging from hi

4、s accident, he must be from the south,_? 2.Tom bought a lot of apples. He must like eating apples,_? 3.It is nine oclock and the lights are on. They cant be sleeping now,_? 4. He must have traveled to many countries (in the last five years),_? 5. He cant have seen the film Harry Potter on the Intern

5、et yesterday,_?,doesnt he,isnt he,are they,did he,hasnt he,二.情态动词 + have done可用于与过去事实相反的虚拟,should(not) have done表示本(不)应该做而（未）做，含责备之意 0ught (not) to have done: 同上 neednt have done 表示本不必做却做了 might/ could have done本可能做而未做,1. I could have passed my exam easily, but I made too many stupid mistakes. 2.You

6、 ought not to should not have taken the magazine out of the reading room. 3. You might not have told him the truth. 4.She neednt have gone to the station yesterday.,我本来能够轻易通过考试，但我犯了太多不该 犯的错误。,他不该把杂志带出阅览室的。,昨天她本不必到火车站去的.,你本不可以把真相告诉他的。,5.“I might have met her a long time ago” he doubted. 6.Tom was lat

7、e. Can something have happened to him? 7.- He played the knife skillfully. -It was dangerous. He might have hurt himself.,1)You shall go with me. 2)You shall have the book when I finish it. 3)You shall be punished if you continue doing that.,shall 用于第二、三人称陈述句中，表示说话人的命令，警告，允诺,威胁或强制。,四.单个情态动词的用法,4)-Sh

8、all we begin our discussion? -Of course. 5)-When shall Mike be able to leave hospital? -Next Wednesday.,shall用于第一、三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见和向对方请示。,6) “The house shall go to the daughter, not the son, according to the will of the father.” Declared the judge.,Shall 用于法律，条约，规定等文件中，表示一种义务，多用于第三人称中。,法官宣布：根据父亲

9、的遗嘱，房子应归女儿，而不是儿子。,Will/would 的用法 1.The manager will come and see you in half an hour if you will wait. 2. Every morning the old man will go out for walk. 3. We would sit in the yard every evening and listen to his story. 4. Dont worry about me. I will overcome the difficulties.,Will/would的用法,5. Hank

10、 tried the door again, but it wouldnt move. 6.Will he come to see you? Would you please help me?,Willwould,1.表示“意愿，愿意”。 2. 表示请求或询问(第二和第三人称) 3.表示“习惯性动作”。 4.表示 “执意”、“坚持”，可指人也可指物。 功能, 特性的丧失（wouldnt do 就是不）,must表示“必须（与have to 的区别）; _;必定” , mustnt表示“禁止”,1. - Must I hand in my exercises now? - Yes, you mu

11、st. (No, you neednt.) 表猜测（否定用cant）,我必须现在交练习吗？是的，必须。（不，你不必）,偏偏，非得,3. Naturally, after I told her what to do, my daughter must go and do the opposite.,自然地，在我交代女儿做什么之后，她偏偏要做相反的事情,4. You mustnt play in the street.,你不能在街上玩耍。,should表示“居然，竟然”。,I cant believe such a gentleman should be so rude to the old.,我

12、不敢相信这样一个绅士居然对老人如此无礼。,should表示道义与责任,You should study hard.,Should 表示说话者的期望,-Its 9 oclock now. -Yes. He should be here . =I expect that he will be here.,Can/be able to do,1) I can swim. The fire spread through the hotel quickly, but everyone was able to escape. 2)-Can it be Mr Smith? -No, it cant be h

13、im, he is tall. 3) It is warm all the year around in Shenzhen, but sometimes it can be very cold in winter.,Can的用法,1.表能力 2.表猜测，用于疑问句和否定句 3.“有时候会” 4.be able to do 通过努力成功地做成某事=succeed in doing =manage to do,Need/dare,1. 表实义动词时：need/dare to do dont/doesnt/didnt need、dare to do 2. 表情态动词时；need/dare do neednt/dare not do,May /might,“可能”,1. You cannot be too careful. 你越小心越好 。 2. You cannot remember enough English words. 你记的英语单词越多越好 。 3. I cannot (help) bu