2020版导与练一轮译林英语课件第二部分语法专题九、并列句和状语从句 .ppt

1、九、并列句和状语从句,语法专项,跟踪训练,语法专项精讲 细筛选巧拓展,一、并列句 考点一常见并列句的类型及并列连词,Both Peter and Tom are from South Africa. 彼得和汤姆都来自南非。 First,my English is very good and Im open-minded and warm-hearted,so Im getting along well with everyone. 首先,我的英语很好,而且我性格外向、很热心,因此我和每个人都相处得很好。 He tried hard to catch up with his classmates

2、,but he failed. 他尽力赶上同学们,但是失败了。 The children can go with us,or they can stay in. 孩子们可以跟我们去,也可以待在家。 He must have been caught in the rain,for he is wet all over. 他肯定被雨淋了,因为他浑身都湿了。,考点二并列连词构成的常用句型 1.and构成的句型 (1)祈使句+and+陈述句(祈使句相当于一个条件状语从句,and后面的句子相 当于一个表示结果的主句)。 Work hard,and you will succeed.(= If you w

3、ork hard,you will succeed.) 努力学习,你就会成功。 (2)名词+and+陈述句(名词相当于一个条件状语从句,其中常含有more, another等词)。 Another try,and youll make a success. 再试一次,你就会取得成功。,2.or (else)构成的句型 (1)祈使句+or (else)+陈述句。 Seize the chance,or (else) youll regret. 抓住这次机会,否则你会后悔的。 (2)名词词组+or (else)+陈述句。 More healthy food,or (else) youll brea

4、k down sooner or later. 多吃健康食品,不然你的身体迟早会垮掉。,3.when构成的句型 when引起并列句,意为“正在这时”,表示某件事正在发生或刚要发生或刚 刚完成时,突然发生另一动作。 (1)sb.be doing sth. when.某人正在做某事,这时 Last Monday,I was walking in the street when I suddenly saw an old man fall off his bicycle. 上周一,我正在街上散步,这时突然看到一位老人从自行车上摔了下来。 (2)sb.be about to do sth. when.

5、某人正要做某事,这时 We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain. 我们正打算动身,突然下起雨来了。,(3)sb. be on the point of doing sth. when.某人正要做某事,这时 She was on the point of going to bed when someone knocked at the door. 她正要上床睡觉,突然有人敲门。 (4)sb.had just done sth. when.某人刚做完某事,这时 I had just finished sweeping the f

6、loor when the telephone rang. 我刚刚扫完地,这时电话铃响了。,二、状语从句 考点一时间状语从句 1.when,while和as的用法,2.另外:since,before,till/until等也可以引导时间状语从句 It will not be long before you regret for what youve done.不久 你就会为你的所作所为后悔的。 As is reported,it is 100 years since Qinghua University was founded. 据报道,自从清华大学成立已经有100年了。 考点二地点状语从句(

7、where,wherever) where意为“在某个地方”,wherever意为“无论在哪里”。 You can sit wherever you like. 你喜欢坐哪儿都可以。,考点三原因状语从句(because,since,now that等) because意为“因为”,语气强烈,表示事情发生的直接原因。since意为“既 然,由于”,语气较弱,表示说话双方都知道的原因。now that则用于已成事 实的原因作为前提。 Now that youve grown up you must learn to stand on your own two feet. 你既然已经长大成人,就得学

8、会独立生活。,考点四结果状语从句(so.that.,such.that.,so that),He earned so little money that he couldnt support his family.他挣这么少的钱,以至于养不起家。,He is such a learned person that we admire him very much.=He is so learned a person that we admire him very much.他如此有学问,以至于我们非常赞赏他。,考点五条件状语从句(if,unless,so/as long as,in case,on

9、 condition that) If you cheat in the exam youll never get away with it. 考试作弊必予追究。 考点六让步状语从句(though,although,while,as,even if/even though) Intelligent as you are,I suspect you will fail. 尽管你聪明,我猜想你会失败。 考点七方式状语从句(as,as if,as though) The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son. 这位老太太对待这个男孩就像他

10、是她自己的儿子似的。,考点八目的状语从句(so that,in order that,in case) When he goes out,he often wears sunglasses so that/in order that nobody/no one can recognize him. 他出门的时候常戴着墨镜,以便没人能认出他。 考点九比较状语从句(as.as,not as/so.as,than,the more.the more) You look younger than you are. 你看上去比你的实际年龄要年轻。,特别提示 注意两种特殊的表示比较的结构: the+比较级

11、.,the+比较级.结构。 The more you exercise,the healthier you will be. 你锻炼得越多就会越健康。 A be to B what C be to D 结构。 Engines are to machines what hearts are to animals. 发动机之于机器正如心脏之于动物。,真题链接,1.While running regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it is more effective at lengthening life walking, c

12、ycling or swimming.(2018全国) 2.Corn uses less water rice and creates less fertilizer (化 肥) runoff.(2018全国),答案及剖析: 1.than这里是将跑步和其他运动方式作对比,再由上文的more effective可知,此处用than。 2.thanless是little的比较级,than引出比较对象。,3.(改错)At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return every two years, but he agr

13、eed.(2018全国) 4.(改错)Everyone was silent, waiting to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud.(2018全国),答案及剖析: 3.butand“我计划每两年回乡下的爷爷奶奶家一次”与“他同意了”是顺承关系,不表示转折,故将but改为and。 4.andor连词使用错误。主语是Everyone,因此his与her之间为选择关系,而非并列关系,故用or。,跟踪训练运用 重实效冲高考,.单句语法填空 1.The doctors tried their best t

14、o save the patient, they failed. 2.In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.(2016全国),答案及剖析: 1.but考查连词的用法。句意:医生们尽力去挽救那个病人,但是他们失败了。前后分句为转折关系,故用but。 2.and考查并列连词,这里列举了一些亚洲国家,它们是并列关系,故填and。,3.Over time, the popul

15、ation grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.(2016全国) 4. you choose to settle down, you should attempt to fit in with the local people.,答案及剖析: 3.as/when考查时间状语从句。句意:慢慢地,随着人口的增长,人们开始把食物切成小块,这样可以煮得快一点。这里是时间状语从句,when意为 “当时候”,后跟长动作或短动作,故填as/when。 4.Wherever句意:不管你选

16、择什么地方定居,你都应当尝试与当地人和谐相处。wherever“无论什么地方”。,5.Much I like it, I wont buy it, for its too expensive. 6.Youll fail the exam, you study hard.,答案及剖析: 5.as/though句意:尽管我很喜欢它,但我不会买,因为它太贵了。as/though引起倒装句,此处不用although。 6.unless考查连词的用法。句意:除非你努力学习,否则你就会考试不及格。unless等于if.not,意为“除非”。,7.Just before September, Miller

17、was struck by a car and lost his right arm.I went to see him he came back from hospital. 8.A whole month had passed she fully recovered.,答案及剖析: 7.after考查状语从句的连词。根据句意可知,Miller被车撞了,当他从医院回来之后,“我”去看望他,故用after。 8.before考查连词的用法。根据句意“整整一个月过去了她才完全恢复。”可知,此处需要填连词,引导时间状语从句,所以填before。,9.I really enjoy listening

18、 to music it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day. 10. online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.,答案及剖析: 9.because考查原因状语从句。句意:我非常喜欢听音乐,因为它能让我放松,使我不去想其他的事情。前后是因果关系。 10.While/Though/Although考查连词。句意:尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活,但是不是所有的影响都是积极的。while

19、/though/although引导让步状语从句,意为“尽管,虽然”。,.单句语法改错(含非本专项及一句二错试题) 1.I have grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years.(2017全国) 2.Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are used for cooking. (2016全国),答案及剖析: 1.andbut此句中not only.but also.是固定搭配。 2.orand考查连词。根据句

20、意判断fresh vegetables与high quality oil是并列关系,不是选择关系,故把or改为and。,3.If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money.(2016全国) 4.One day, I was skiing down a mountain while I saw a girl aged about 15 who had fallen. 5.I pay a visit to my former English teacher when I am free next week.,答案及剖析: 3.butand考查连词。句意:如果我们待在家里,很舒服也没有必要花钱。上下文之间是并列关系,而不是转折关系,所以使用and连接上下文。 4.whilewhenbe doing sth.when .为固定搭配,意为“正在做某事,这时”。故将while改为when。 5.pay前加will时间状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则,故主句用一般将来时。,6.I was very touched that I couldnt sleep the whole night, and thought about being a teacher in the f