汽车机械式变速器的现代化实际方法探究外文文献翻译、中英文翻译

1、附录3：外文翻译Research on the modern practical method of automobile mechanical transmission.Wu gang,Liaoyang Vocational College of Technology,Associate professorAbstract: in the various components of the automobile, the transmission plays a very important role, which can change the speed of the car, and t

2、he quality of the transmission determines the performance of the car directly. With the improvement of peoples living standard and improve, cars become a common means of transport in peoples lives, to ensure the safety of the car, to achieve a certain purpose, transmission of high quality is the nec

3、essary prerequisite. The improvement of modern technology and the improvement of the relevant parts and functions of automobile make the design concept of automobile mechanical transmission more innovative. This paper combines the modern design method to carry on the mechanical transmission, and als

4、o explores the design of transmission gear and gear shift gear.Key words: automobile components; Mechanical transmission; Modern design methods; Design philosophy;Under the background of technical innovation, to the requirement of increasing the auto transmission, both to ensure that has a good dyna

5、mic performance, the appearance of should also have certain advantages, guarantee the light at the lowest cost to produce high quality transmission. When designing the transmission, it should pay attention to the use of the material and its own volume and weight, and reduce the weight of the change

6、gear and shafting in the premise of guaranteeing the quality. The modern design method optimizes the transmission and makes it smaller and lighter under the premise of guaranteeing the quality and performance. Auto transmission gear is complex, has certain difficulty in the design, in order to guara

7、ntee the transmission standard, designers must have certain professional skills, through continuous calculation and research, to ensure to meet the design requirements. Based on the traditional design method, the modern design method improves the relevant procedures and makes the calculation in the

8、design process more accurate, which guarantees the improvement of the basic performance of the transmission.One. Overview of automobile mechanical transmission.In the case of gear group, a certain combination of gears is made to ensure that the gear ratio of each gear is equal, so that the gear rati

9、o is fixed. The transmission has five different gears, one gear ratio is 3.85, and the second one is 2.55, all of which are fixed value, which is multiplied by the main deceleration ratio, namely the transmission ratio. Automobile manufacturing technology has been continuously improved, and automati

10、c transmission technology has been widely used. It is mainly composed of hydraulic transmission and planetary transmission to achieve the purpose of automatic transmission. While automatic transmission technology can bring a certain amount of convenient, but also has certain limitation, due to the d

11、iscontinuous transmission ratio, make the automobile dynamic performance is affected by a certain, at the same time, in terms of fuel cost control is also a certain deficiencies. Therefore, in order to ensure that the transmission is more scientific and reasonable, the automobile industry constantly

12、 researches and innovates the variable speed technology to achieve the economic and practical purposes. Infinitely variable speed technology has more advantages compared to other technology, can realize continuous change ratio, better improve the automobile power performance and fuel economy, make d

13、rivers can more convenient to operate, ensure the car related performance.Two. Optimization design of transmission gear.The transmission is mainly composed of gears, and the gears operation supports the realization of the transmission function. Therefore, the quality of the gear can have a certain e

14、ffect on the function of the transmission. On transmission design, should fully pay attention to the related design of gears, the gear teeth and pressure Angle of the reasonable setting, by using scientific methods to optimize and improve the bearing capacity of the gear, to ensure the transmission

15、work better. Using the modern design method, analyzes the defects of mechanical transmission design, take measures to make up for, to comprehensively consider the various factors of gear as far as possible, ensure that the distance between the gear and gear width and module of gear parameters such a

16、s reasonable.(1) reasonably control the modulus and pressure Angle of the gear, and ensure the size of the gear meets the standard.Gear there is certain correlation between the thickness and module of gear, gear modulus gear natural the more thick, so when the design should be reasonable, ensure tha

17、t each pair of gears have matching module, make gear can reach a certain purpose, to ensure the function of the transmission. In order to reduce the machining cost of the gear and reduce the production difficulty of the gear, it can make the gear modulus consistent and avoid increasing the difficult

18、y of machining. The determination of gear modulus should be calculated, combined with the size of transmission torque and the material determination of the gear, and the minimum center distance is calculated according to the relevant technical standard. For the selection of pressure Angle, the direc

19、tion of the involute and the force direction should be determined. The size of the pressure Angle is related to the distance from the point on the involute.(2) ensure that the width and spiral Angle of the gear meet the standard and optimize the design.Gear width calculation can use coefficient of t

20、ooth width and dividing circle diameter of multiplication method, when carries on the design, should give full consideration to the requirement of gear works smoothly standard, at the same time, as much as possible to reduce the weight and volume of the transmission. The width of the gear must be mo

21、derate, too narrow, it will reduce the bearing capacity of the gear, and can not meet the needs of the transmission, nor can it guarantee the stable transmission of the gear. The helical Angle of gear should be combined with the actual standard to properly control the tilt of the gear tooth, give fu

22、ll play to the advantages of the helical gear and improve the bearing capacity of the gear.(3) control gear number and displacement coefficient.The gear tooth number and the displacement coefficient are controlled to ensure that the total number of gear teeth meets the needs of the gear running, so

23、that the transmission ratio of each speed group is matched with the gear number of the transmission. In the design of gear teeth, should have certain scientific nature, under the condition of gear teeth is too small can make the minimum gear can not meet with the purpose of the cutting, cannot satis

24、fy the requirement of the main transmission stability. In order to improve the use time of gear, the gear shift must be strictly controlled, and the displacement coefficient of the gear should be set to ensure the overall design structure and strength of the gearbox meet the requirements.(4) make th

25、e modification and verification of the gear, and realize the maximization of gear utility.Correctly set the parameters of the gear is the key to ensure that conform to the requirements of the design of the transmission gear, closely connected with the quality and performance of the transmission, in

26、order to ensure the transmission performance conforms to the standard, must be carried out on the gear design of science. In order to ensure the performance of the gear, it can be realized through proper repair, ensuring that all aspects of the gear meet the requirements and achieve the best perform

27、ance. When designing the gear, the designer must calculate the gear strictly according to the corresponding standard, and distinguish the axial and the same size, reduce the noise of the gear, and make the gear have higher performance.Three. Optimum design of gear shift gear.There are various kinds

28、of automobiles, and there is a certain diversity in the type of transmission. In combination with the purpose and situation of the automobile, there are certain differences in the requirements of the transmission. To ensure the safety of vehicle stability, at the same time have a certain economy and

29、 power performance, must to upgrade and optimization of mechanical transmission, through the research and design, modern design method to meet the requirements of automotive performance.Firstly, it is necessary to reasonably control the number of transmission, and the number of gears is related to t

30、he performance of the car. By designing the number of files, the power of the car can be changed. The appropriate increase of gear setting can make the engine more likely to provide high power, improve the cars climbing ability and speed up ability, so that the car has better performance. At the sam

31、e time, it can reduce the consumption of gasoline, achieve the goal of saving energy, reduce the use cost of the automobile, and improve the performance of all aspects of the automobile. However, the increase of the number of gears can also have a certain negative effect, making the transmission str

32、ucture more complex, and at the same time, increasing the frequency of shifting gears, increasing the difficulty of the operation of the car. Therefore, in the design, should combine with the cars performance requirements, reasonable selection.Second, the scientific and accurate calculation of gear

33、transmission ratio, gear ratio and vehicle use conditions and set the parameters of the engine has a certain relationship, different models differ in transmission ratio, the car of the transmission ratio, generally between 2 5, small truck transmission ratio is commonly between 6 8, heavy truck tran

34、smission ratio is larger. Therefore, the design should be combined with the purpose of the automobile, and the selection and design should be made scientifically to ensure the basic performance of the transmission.Four. conclusionThe constant innovation of science and technology, optimize the design

35、 of advanced design method widely used gradually, during the design of mechanical transmission, combining modern design method, can effectively improve the performance of transmission, through accurate calculation, reduce the production cost of transmission at the same time, make the transmission ha

36、s more obvious advantage, effectively avoid the disadvantages of traditional design, meet the needs of the development of automobile. Modern design method is of great influence on the design of mechanical transmission, can promote the rapid development of automobile industry, by improving the transm

37、ission performance, good to ensure the stability of the auto industry development, promote the progress of the automobile industry.Reference1 bian jianfeng. Modern design and exploration of automotive mechanical transmission J. Engineering technology, 2016,3:231.2 zheng xuefeng. Research on modern d

38、esign method of automobile mechanical transmission J. Technology entrepreneur, 2014(06):81.3 li xiang. Research on the modern design method of automobile mechanical transmission J. New Chinese new technology products, 2013(17):114-115.4 liu xiang. Research on the modern design method of automobile m

39、echanical transmission J. Technology wind, 2015,18:141.5 wang yue, cao haibo. Discussion on the modern design method of automobile mechanical transmission J. Engineering technology, 2016,11:236.6 pu sheng, yu adong. Analysis of the modern design method of automobile mechanical transmission J. Journa

40、l of science and technology economics, 2016,35.select from：Industrial & Science Tribune,Issue 20, 2017 汽车机械式变速器的现代化实际方法探究吴刚 辽阳职业技术学院 副教授摘要：在汽车的各种构件中，变速器起着十分重要的作用, 能够改变汽车的行驶速度，变速器的质量直接决定了汽车的性能。随着人们生活水平的改善和提高，汽车成为人们生活中的普遍交通工具，为了保证汽车的安全，达到一定的使用目的，高质量的变速器是必备的前提条件。现代化技术不断提高，在汽车的相关零件和功能方面不断完善，使汽车机械式变速器的设计

41、理念更加具有创新性。本文结合现代设计方法，对机械式变速器进行，同时对变速齿轮及变速档位设计进行探究。关键词：汽车构件；机械式变速器；现代设计方法；设计理念；在技术不断创新的背景下，对汽车变速器的要求不断提高，既要保证其具有良好的动力性能，也应具有一定的外形优势，保证以最低的成本制作出轻便高质量的变速器。在对变速器进行设计时，应注重其材料的使用及自身的体积和重量，在保证质量的前提下，减低变速齿轮和轴系的重量。现代设计方法对变速器进行了一定的优化，使其在保证质量和性能的前提下，做到了更小更轻。汽车变速器齿轮十分复杂，在设计上具有一定的难度，为了保证变速器符合标准，设计人员必须具备一定的专业技能，通

42、过不断的计算和研究，来保证达到设计要求。现代设计方法在传统设计方法的基础上，对相关程序进行完善，使设计过程中的计算更加精确，保证了变速器根本性能的提高。一汽车机械式变速器概述构件采用齿轮组的方式，在保证各档的齿轮组齿数相等的情况下，对齿轮进行一定的组合，从而使各档的变速比固定。变速器共有五个不同的档，一档变速比为3.85，二挡为2.55，其均为定值，将其与主减速比相乘，即为传动比。汽车制造技术不断提高，自动变速技术得到了广泛的应用，其主要是将液力变速器与行星变速器相组合，从而达到自动变速的目的。虽然自动变速器技术能够带来一定的便捷，但也存在一定的局限性，由于其传动比不连续，使汽车的动力性能受到

43、一定的影响，同时，在燃料的耗费控制方面也存在一定的不足。因此，为了保证变速器更加科学合理，汽车行业不断对变速技术进行研究和创新，力求达到经济实用的目的。无级变速技术相比于其他技术具有更多的优势，可以实现传动比的连续改变，更好地提高汽车的动力性和燃油经济性，使驾驶人员能够更加方便地进行操纵，保证了汽车相关性能的提高。二变速器齿轮的优化设计变速器主要是由齿轮组成，齿轮的运转支撑变速器功能的实现，因此，齿轮的质量能够对变速器的功能产生一定的影响。在对变速器进行设计时，应充分注重齿轮的相关设计，对齿轮齿数及压力角进行合理的设置，通过采用科学的方法进行优化，提升齿轮的承载力，以保证变速器更好地运转。运用

44、现代设计方法，应对机械式变速器设计的缺陷进行分析，采取一定的措施进行弥补，尽量综合考虑齿轮的各种因素，保证齿轮间的距离、齿轮自身宽度及齿轮模数等参数合理。（一）合理控制齿轮的模数和压力角, 保证齿轮的尺寸符合标准。齿轮的厚度与齿轮模数存在一定的相关性，齿轮模数越多齿轮自然越厚，因此在设计时应合理把握，保证每对齿轮都有与之相配的模数，使齿轮达到一定的使用目的，进而保证变速器的功能得以实现。为了降低齿轮的加工成本，同时降低齿轮的制作难度，可以使齿轮模数一致，避免增加加工难度。齿轮模数的确定应进行计算，结合传递扭矩的大小及齿轮的材料确定，结合相关的技术标准计算最小的中心距。对于压力角的选择，应结合渐开线的运动方向与受力方向确定，压力角的大小与渐开线上的点离基圆的距离有关。（二）保证齿轮的宽度和螺旋角符合标准, 对其设计进行优化。齿轮宽度的计算可以利用齿宽系数与分度圆直径相乘的方法，在进行设计时，应充分考虑齿轮平稳工作的要求标准，同时，尽可能地降低变速器的重量和体积。齿轮的宽度必须适中，过于狭窄会使齿轮的承