2016至2018年高考英语全攻略--完形填空带解析一套

2016 至 2018 年高考英语全攻略-完形填空带解析一套高考英语之完形填空全攻略通过认真研读 2016-2018 年全国新课标卷的完形填空部分，笔者发现命题者主要考查两个方面，即词语辨析（形容词辨析、名词辨析、动词或动词短语辨析、副词辨析、连词辨析、代词辨析、介词短语辨析）和词义辨析，在下面的篇幅中，笔者会针对这 2 个考点逐一进行深入分析，帮助广大考生更好地理解和掌握此类题型。（一） 词语辨析解题策略一：词语辨析题较多考查的是考生对题干的理解以及对词语辨析的把握。对所给选项中词语较为简单的题，对于题干的理解至关重要，对所给选项中词语较为复杂的题，不仅仅要理解题干，还要对选项中的词义有较好的把握，这就要求考生具有一定的词汇量，所以要求考生熟记最新普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲所列出的所有词汇。（2018 全国卷一）“The absolute most important D that you learn when you play chess is how to make good decisions.56. A. fact B. step C. manner D. skill（2017 全国卷二）I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his A from high school and remained the same caring person I met forty years before .52. A. graduation B. retirement C. separation D. resignation解题策略二：有些词语辨析题要求考生在理解题目意思的基础上，还必须知道词汇的用法和搭配，这就对考生的词汇学习提出了较高的要求。因此，仅仅词语背诵是不够的，还要记忆词汇的用法、搭配和辨析等，放在短语或句子中记忆效果会更好。同义词、同类词放在一起记忆是学习词汇的一种好方法。（2018 全国卷二）I took off my T-shirt and C into the water. I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle.49. A. stared B. sank C. dived D. fell解题策略三：英语中的词汇大多数都不只有一个词义，因此，在学习和记忆词汇的时候，要尽可能多地记忆词汇的不同含义，尤其是考纲要求的名词、动词、形容词和副词。（2016 全国卷一）Larry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was _C_ along 165 north after delivering to one of his customers.41. A. walking B. touring Ctraveling D rushing解题策略四：在一些题干中，命题者会设置题眼，这些作为题眼的词或是答案的反义词、或是答案的同义词、或是答案的相关词，因此，在做此类词汇辨析题的时候，要善于瞻前顾后，找到代表题眼的关键词，然后从所给的四个选项中，找到跟题眼照应的选项，答案就迎刃而解了。（2018 全国卷三）Lindseys husband was totally C by the unexpected visit. I dont think we would have randomly invited him over but we appreciate it and the gifts.54. A.discouraged B. relaxed C.astonished D. defeated（二）词义辨析词义辨析考查的面广, 考生在学习时首先应掌握其基本意思，再结合特定的语境进行比较。英语中的同义词，易混词及相似句型之间的区别，有的属英汉语意差别，有的属不同搭配表达意义不同，有的属搭配不同表达意义相同，有的属语气轻重有别，有的则属搭配范围和习惯不同等等。广大考生要想更好地解答此类试题，应在平时的英语学习中多注意积累形态和语义极为相似的单词和词组，以便更好地解答此类试题。（2016 全国卷一）Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. As he got closer, he found B vehicle upside down on the road.44. A. each B. another C. that D. his小试身手：One day, while we were visiting my parents on a farm in late summer, Dad mentioned hed always wanted a Crimson King Maple Tree for the yard. Mom agreed that the trees were _1_.Like many other parents, mine were hard to _2_ for, so I figured this was a great opportunity to get them something theyd _3_. I also thought two would be even better. I checked the _4_ at work and decided it was a bit more than I could _5_ but all of my siblings (兄弟) agreed to give some money to buy the trees.In northern Ohio, you dont plant maple trees at Christmas, so we decided to _6_ Mom and Dad with a special Christmas in October before the ground _7_. We asked my aunt if shed help us with the “_8_”， and she called my parents _9_ to say she was coming for a Sunday visit. Then my sisters and sistersinlaw went into _10_， planning a big holiday turkey dinner.On the _11_ Sunday, we all met at my house and _12_ the trees into a truck. I _13_ as Santa Claus. When we arrived at my parents house, Dad was _14_ something was wrong first. He and Mom were amazed when we told them _15_ we were there.When Christmas _16_， of course, we couldnt go to our parents house emptyhanded, so Mom and Dad got _17_ presents that year. Almost half a century later, I _18_ drive by the old farm and smile when I see those big, handsome _19_ and remember giving a special _20_ to special people at Christmas in October.1 A. distinctive B. fragrantC. expensive D. pretty2 A.shop BrepresentCanswer Dcare3 A.deserve BappreciateCadvertise Dimagine4 A.result BnumberCprice Dexpress5 A.afford BexpectCfancy Dhandle6 A.frighten BassistCsurprise Dreward7 A.warmed BfrozeCsoftened D darkened8 A.trick BpurchaseCchoice Ddecoration9 A.in advance Bin timeCby accident Don purpose10 A.service BactionCeffect Dproduction11 A.regular BseparateCgiven Dchosen12 A.sorted BloadedCtransported Dtransplanted13 A.dressed up Bpassed offClooked on Dstarted out14 A.delighted BannoyedCdisappointed Dconvinced15 A.when BhowCwhy Dwhether16 A.came around Bdropped outCturned up Ddrew in17 A.generous BadditionalCdouble Dspecial18 A.even BjustConce Dstill19 A.farms BtreesCtrucks Dyards20 A.congratulation BgiftCdonation Dgreeting小试身手答案详解：本文为记叙文，涉及家庭关系话题。作者讲述了自己和亲人们一起用特别的方式给其父母带来惊喜的经历。1 A. distinctive B. fragrantC. expensive D. pretty解析：D 上文提及父亲想要在庭院种植一棵枫树，下文提及“those big, handsome”，故此处应是母亲也欣然同意，认为枫树很漂亮(pretty)。distinctive“与众不同的” ；fragrant “芳香的” 。2 A.shop BrepresentCanswer Dcare解析：A 根据上文的 “Like many other parents, mine were hard to”，下文的“so I figured this was a great opportunity to get them something”以及接下来介绍的作者兄弟姊妹几人为父母买礼物的内容可知，此处指作者觉得给父母买东西是很难的，故选 shop“购物” 。3 A.deserve BappreciateCadvertise Dimagine解析：B 根据上文的“Dad mentioned hed always wanted a Crimson King Maple Tree for the yard.”及下文介绍的为父母买礼物的内容可知，此处指作者认为这是一个给父母买他们欣赏的东西的好机会。deserve“值得，应得” ；appreciate“感激，欣赏” ；advertise“为做广告” ；imagine“想象” 。4. A.result BnumberCprice Dexpress解析：C 根据下文的 “but all of my siblings (兄弟姊妹) a