考研英语2018-翻译-中英文句法对比PPT演示课件

英汉句法现象的对比,一、句子结构,1. This attitude has been described as anything from a “merciful loss of memory” to “escapist therapy”.人们对这种态度有各种的议论，有的说是“好心的遗忘”， 有的说是“逃避现实的疗法。”(英语简单句汉语联合复句的分合句),2） His superior grades at high school enabled him to enroll at the tuition-free College of the City of New York.由于在中学成绩优异，他进入了免费的纽约市立大学。（英语简单句汉语偏正复句的因果句）,3) The development of an economical artificial heart is only a few transient failure away.只消再经过几次失败，就能造出价格低廉的人工心脏了。（tip：英语简单句汉语偏正复句的因果句）,4. The question is whether we can finish our work by tomorrow evening.问题在于我们能不能在明晚以前完成这项工作。（英语主从复合句汉语简单句）,5. While we were operating the machine tools, we were very careful.我们在操纵机床时非常小心。（英语主从复合句汉语简单句）,6. There are some metals which possess the power to conduct electricity and ability to be magnetized.某些金属具有导电的能力合被磁化的能力。（英语主从复合句汉语简单句）,7. The boy sat down on a stone to take a pebble out of his shoe when he saw a stranger approaching him.小孩坐在石头上正打算从鞋子里取出碎石子，这这时他看见一个陌生人朝着他走来。（英语主从复合句汉语联合复句）,8. Our men had gone quite a distance off before the enemys reinforcement troops came up.我们的队伍已经走得很远了，敌人的增援部队才赶上来。英语主从复合句汉语联合复句）,9. This place is really beautiful, and many people bring their wives and families out here to live. 这地方实在漂亮，所以许多人都把他们的家小搬来居住。（英语并列句汉语偏正复合句）,10. Grasp all, lose all.如果你样样都抓，就会一样也抓不到手。英语并列句汉语偏正复合句）,11. Here ends the diary of Dr. Smith.史密斯医生的日记写到这里就结束了。（英语倒装句汉语正装句）12. Little did I then know the meaning of war and what it was in reality.当时我确实不太懂得战争的意义以及战争实际上是怎么回事。,13. Here at last seemed credible history of the difficult advance of man. 人类艰苦前进的历史终于在这里看来是能够令人置信的了。（英语倒装句汉语正装句）,14. Kissinger was so devastated by Rockefellers defeat that, according to one account, he wept.基辛格为洛克菲勒的失败伤心透了，有人说他哭了。（passive voice active voice）,15. But someone who has been out there in the floodlights as often as he has can not remain wholly undecipherable. 但是，象他这样一个经常抛头露面的人是不可能一点不被人识破的。（passive voice active voice）,句序,1. Nothing has happened since we parted. 我们分别之后，一直没有发生什么事情。（汉语通常先发生的事先叙述，后发生的事后叙述）,2. He had flown in just the day before from Georgia where he had spent his vacation basking in he Caucasian sun after the completion of the construction job he had been engaged in in the South.他本来在南方从事一项建筑工程；任务完成之后，他就上佐治亚去度假，享受高加索的阳光，昨天才坐飞机回来。,3. He had to stay at home yesterday because he was ill.4. He would be a rash man if he should vernture to forecast the results of this event.如果有人敢于预言此事的结果，那他一定是个鲁莽之徒。,5. We worked fast and well, so that we overfulfilled our production plan.我们工作得又快又好，超额完成了生产计划。,Other Strategies,1. I just hate everybody. No, not you, Jack, but everybody else. 我就是恨所有得人。不，不是你， 杰克， 我恨其他所有的人。(amplification)2. The marchers every short while shouted slogans about the strike, but she didnt join in. 游行的人群每隔一会儿就喊罢工口号，但是她没有跟着喊。,3. Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. 读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻伦理使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩。 （amplification）,4. Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man.读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。（amplication）5. Theory is something but practice is everything.理论固然重要，实践尤其重要。,6.虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后。Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind.7. 小不忍则乱打谋。If one is not patient in small thing, one will never be able to control great ventures.,8. 三个丑皮匠，顶个诸葛亮。Three cobblers with their wits combined equal Zhuge Liang the master mind.9.班门弄斧。Showing off ones proficiency with the axe before Lu Ban the master carpenter.,Another Strategy,1. Now we have solved the problem and have arrived at the same conclusion as they arrived at.现在我们已经解决了这个问题，并且得出了和他们相同的结论。（omission）,2. He realized the “subtlety” of Chinas messages, the gap between her hot rhetoric and her cool action.他领会了中国信息的“微妙之处”：言辞激烈，但行动沉着。（omission）,3.These developing countries cover vast territories, encompass a large population and abound in natural resources.这些发展中国家地大物博，人口众多。4. When it is dark in the east, it is light in the west; when things are dark in the south there is still light in the north.东方不亮西方亮， 黑了南方有北方。,5. If you give him an inch, he will take a mile.得寸进尺。,Conversion,1. Mary was English and French teacher for two years at the Jewish school.玛丽在那所犹太学校里教过两年英文和法文。(changing the part of speech),2. Parents love of children is perfect and minute.父母爱子女无微不至。3. Traditionally, there had always been good relations between them.它们之间一直有着传统的友好关系。4. We are enemies of all wars, but above all of dynastic wars.我们反对一切战争，特别是反对王朝战争。,5. 语言这个东西不是随便可以学好的，非下苦功不可。The mastery of language is not easy and requires painstaking effort. 6. 少说空话，多做工作。There must be less empty talk and more hard work.,Negation,1. It serves litle purpose to have continued public discussion of this issue. 继续公开讨论这个问题是不会又什么益处的。(negation),2. John got the message. He knew it wasnt going to be easy; but unlike many of his peers, he was not in awe of George. Actually, he couldnt wait to meet him.约翰听到了这个消息。他知道这场比赛是会艰苦的，但他不像他的许多伙伴那样，他对乔治不存畏惧之心。说实在的，他倒急于向他迎战。(negation),3. 干这事我力不胜任。To do this is beyong my ability. 4. 那家伙很不老实。That fellow is far from being honest. 5. All that flatter you too much are not faithful friends.捧你的人并非都是你忠实朋友。,6. Both children are not clever.并非两个孩子都聪明。,Division,1. She has such a kindly, smiling, tender, gently, generous heart of her own.她心地厚道、性格温柔可疼，气量又大，为人又乐观。2. They tried to stamp out the revolt, which spread all the more furiously throughout the country.他们企图扑灭反抗，结果反抗愈来愈猛，遍及全国。,3. The Peoples Republic of China must be created by the blood and the work of all of us who believe in the future; who believe in man and his glorious man-made destiny.伟大的中华人民共和国必须用我们大家的鲜血和工作来缔造。我们这些人相信未来，相信人们，相信人们能够掌握自己的命运光辉灿烂的命运。,4. Thus it happened that when the new factories that were springing up required labour, tens of thousands of homeless and hungry agricultural workers, with their wives and children, were forced into the cities in search of work, any work, under any condition, that would keep them alive.,于是，就出现了这样的情况，正当新办的工厂纷纷成立、需要劳动力的时候，成千上万无家可归、饥肠辘辘的从事农业的劳动者，携妻带儿，被迫流入城市；他们要找活干，不管什么活儿，不讲什么条件，只要不让他们饿死就行。,5. Just as Darwin discovered the law of development of organic nature, so Marx discovered the law of development of human hsitory: the simple fact, hitherto concealed by an overgrowthe of ideology, that mankind must first of all eat, drink, have shelter and clothing, before it can pursue politics, science, art, religion, etc.;,that therefore the production of the immediate material means of subsistence and consequently the degree of economic development attained by a given people or during a given epoch form the foundation upon which the sate institutions, the legal conceptions, art, and even the ideas on religion, of the people concerned have been evolved, and in the,Light of which they must, therefore, be explained, instead of vice versa, as had hitherto been the case. (126 words),正像达尔文发现有机界的发展规律一样，马克思发现了人类历史的发展规律，即历来为繁茂芜杂的意识形态所掩盖的一个简单事实：人们首先必须吃、喝、住、穿、然后才能从事政治、科学、艺术、宗教等等；所以，直接的物质的生活资料的生产，因而一个民族或一个时代的一定的经济发展阶段，便构成为基础，人们的国家制度、法的观点、艺术以至宗教观念，就,是从这个基础上发展起来的，因而，也必须由这个基础来解释，而不是像过去那样做得相反。(在马克思墓前的讲话),无主句,弄得不好，就会前功尽弃。If things are not properly handled, our labour will be totally lost.知己知彼，百战不殆。Know the enemy and know yourself, and you can fight a hundred battles with no danger of defeat.,不经一事，不长一智。You cant gain knowledge without practice. Wisdom comes from experience.,中国的主要人口是农民，革命靠了农民的援助才取得了胜利，国家工业化又要靠农民的援助才能成功，所以工人阶级应当积极地帮助农民进行土地改革，城市小资产阶级和民族资产阶级也应当赞助这种改革，各民主党派各人民团体更应当采取这种态度。,The peasants form the bulk of Chinas population. It was with their help that victory was won in the revolution, and it is again their help that will make the industrialization of the country possible.Therefore, the working class should actively help the peasants carry out the agarian reform, the urban petty bourgeoisie and national bourgeoisie should also give their support, and still more so should all the democratic parties and peoples organization.,我们的一般企业很少注意经济效果，广泛存在着劳动无定员、生产无定额、质量无检查、成本无核算的现象，在人力、物力、财力上造成很多浪费。,Our enterprises in general pay little attention to economic result, since usually the number of workers needed for a job is not fixed, production quota is not fixed, the quality of