【中考英语】初中英语知识点总结-形容词和副词

【中考英语】初中英语知识点总结:形容词和副词篇一：初中英语语法讲解与练习【形容词 副词】形容词 副词 1. 形容词的用法 (1) 形容词在句中作定语, 表语, 宾语补足语。例如：. （作定语） （作表语） We keep our classroom clean and tidy. （作宾语补足语） (2) 形容词修饰 something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词时,形容词放在名词后面。 I have something important to tell you. Is there anything interesting in the film. (3) 用 and 或 or 连接起来的两个形容词作定语时一般把它们放在被修饰的名词后面。起进一步解释的作用。Everybody, man and woman, old and young, should attend the meeting. You can take any box away, big or small. (4) the形容词表示一类人或物 The rich should help the poor. 2. 副词的用法 (1) 副词在句中可作状语,表语和定语。 （作状语） Life here is full of joy. （作定语） （作表语） 副词按其用途和含义可分为下面五类： 1)时间副词 时 间副词通常用来表示动作的时间。常见的时间副词有：now today, tomorrow, yesterday, before, late, early, never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always等。例如： He often comes to school late. What are we going to do tomorrow? He is never been to Beijing. 2)地点副词 地 点副词通常用来表示动作发生的地点。常见的地点副词有：here, there, inside, outside, home, upstairs, downstairs, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere, somewhere, down, up, off, on, in, out等。例如： I met an old friend of mine on my way home. He went upstairs. Put down your name here. 3)方式副词 方 式副词一般都是回答“怎样的？”这类问题的，其中绝大部分都是由一个形容词加词尾-ly 构成的, 有少数方式副词不带词尾-ly, 它们与形容词同形。常见的方式副词有：anxiously, badly, bravely, calmly, carefully, proudly, rapidly, suddenly, successfully, angrily, happily, slowly, warmly, well, fast, slow, quick, hard, alone, high, straight, wide等。例如： The old man walked home slowly. Please listen to the teacher carefully. The birds are flying high. 4)程度副词程 度副词多数用来修饰形容词和副词，有少数用来修饰动词或介词短语。常见的程度副词有：much, (a) little, a bit, very, so, too, enough, quite, rather, pretty, greatly, completely, nearly, almost, deeply, hardly, partly等。例如： Her pronunciation is very good. She sings quite well. I can hardly agree with you. 5)疑问副词是用来引导特殊疑问句的副词。常见的疑问副词有：how, when, where, why 等。例如： How are you getting along with your studies? Where were you yesterday? Why did you do that? (2)副词在句中的位置 1)多数副词作状语时放在动词之后。如果动词带有宾语，则放在宾语之后。例如： Mr. Smith works very hard. She speaks English well. 2)频度副词作状语时，通常放在行为动词之前，情态动词，助动词和 be动词之后。例如： He usually gets up early. Ive never heard him singing. She is seldom ill. 3)程度副词一般放在所修饰的形容词和副词的前面, 但 enough作副词用时，通常放在被修饰词的后面。例如： It is a rather difficult job. He runs very fast. He didnt work hard enough. 4)副词作定语时，一般放在被修饰的名词之后。例如：On my way home, I met my uncle. The students there have a lot time to do their own research work. (3)部分常用副词的用法 1) very, much 这两个副词都可表示“很” ，但用法不同。Very 用来修饰形容词和副词的原级，而 much用来修饰形容词和副词的比较级。例如： She is a very nice girl Im feeling much better now. Much 可以修饰动词，而 very则不能。例如： I dont like the idea much. They did not talk much. 2) too, either 这两个副词都表示“也” ，但 too用于肯定句，either用于否定句。例如： She can dance, and I can dance, too. I havent read(转 载于: 小 龙 文档网:【中考英语】初中英语知识点总结:形容词和副词) the book and my brother hasnt either. 3) already, yet already 一般用于肯定句，yet 一般用于否定句。例如： Have you heard from him yet?He hasnt answered yet. 4) so, neither so 和 neither都可用于倒装句，但 so表示肯定，neither表示否定。 例如： My brother likes football and so do I. My brother doesnt like dancing and neither do I. 3. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 (1) 两个人或事物的比较时（不一定每一方只有一个人或一个事物） ，用比较 级。 Our teacher is taller than we are. The boys in her class are taller than the boys in your class. (2) most 同形容词连用而不用 the,表示 “极,很,非常, 十分“。 Its most dangerous to be here. 在这儿太危险。 (3) “The+形容词比较级., the+形容词比较级.“表示 “ 越. 就越.“。 The more you study, the more you know. (4) “ 形容词比较级 + and + 形容词比较级 “, 表示 “ 越来越. “。 Its getting hotter and hotter. (5) 主语+谓语(系动词)+as+形容词原形+as+从句。表示两者对比相同。 This box is as big as mine. (6) the + 形容词 表示某种人。 He always helps the poor. (7) 形容词和副词最高级用于三个或三个以上的人和物进行比较。 Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China. 【实例解析】 1. (XX 年北京市中考试题) -Which is _, the sun, the moon or the earth? -Of course the moon is. A. small B. smaller C. smallest D. the smallest 答案：D。该题考查的是形容词的比较等级的用法。因为是太阳，地球和月亮三者进行比较，选用形容词的最高级，而且最高级之前要加定冠词 the。所以选 D。 2. (XX 年上海徐汇区中考试题) He has made _ progress this term than before. A. little B. less C. fewer D. much 答案 B。该题考查的是形容词比较等级的用法。因为是现在和过去进行比较，所以要用比较级，又因为是修饰不可数名词，只能用 less, 而不能用 fewer。 3. (XX 年江西省中考试题) -What delicious cakes! -They would taste _ with butter. A. good B. better C. bad D. worse 答案：B。该题考查的是形容词的比较等级。答话人的意思应该是“如果加上点黄油，这些蛋糕会更好吃。 ”这里就有一种比较：加黄油和不加黄油。既然是比较，就要用比较级。因 为这里讲的是好吃和更好吃，所以 C,D要舍去，而选better。4. (XX 年河北省中考试题) Bob never does his homework _ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes. A. so careful as B. as carefully as C. carefully as D. as careful as 答案：B。该题考查的是形容词和副词的用法区别。因为该词修饰的是动作“做家庭作业” ，所以要用副词。又因为表示一方不如另一方要用句型“not as+副词原级+as” ，所以只能选 B。 【中考演练】 一. 单项填空 1There are many young trees onA. every B. each C. both D. all 2- Its so cold today. - Yes, its than it was yesterday. A. more coldB. more colder C. much colder D. cold 3Little Tom hasA. more B. a little C. many D. few 4She isnt so at maths as you are. A. well B. good C. better D. best 5Peter writes of the three. A. better B. bestC. good D. well 6He isA. stronger B. much stronger C. strong D. the strongest 7I boughtA. a few; a fewB. a few; a little C. a little; a few D. a little; a little 8The box is . A. too; to B. to; too C. so; that D. no; to 9The ice in the lake is about one meter . Its strong enough to skate on. A. long B. high C. thick D. wide 10Wu Lin ran faster than the other boys in the sports meeting. A. so B. much C. very D. too 11. Jone looks so _ today because she has got an “A” in her maths test. A. happy B. happily C. angry D. angrily 12. The smile on my fathers face showed that he was _ with me. A. sad B. pleased C. angry D. sorry 13. -Mum, could you buy me a dress like this? -Certainly, we can buy _ one than this, but _ this. A. a better; better thanB. a worse; as good as C. a cheaper; as good as D. a more important; good as 14. -This digital camera is really cheap! -The _ the better. Im short of money, you see. A. cheap B. cheaper C. expensive D. more expensive 15. If you want to learn English well, you must use it as _ as possible. A. often B. long C. hard D. soon 16. Paul has _ friends except me, and sometimes he feels lonely. A. many B. some C. few D. more17. English people _ use Mr. Before a mans first name. A. never B. usually C. often D. sometimes 18. -One more satellite was sent up into space in China in May. -Right. The government spoke _ that. A. highly forB. high of C. well ofD. highly of 19. -Remember this, children. _ careful you are, _ mistakes you will make.-We know, Miss Gao. A. The more; the moreB. The fewer; the more C. The more; the fewerD. The less; the less 20. I have _ to do today. A. anything importantB. something important C. important nothing D. important something 二. 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. My purse was stolen on the bus yesterday. _ (Fortunate), there was no money in it. 2. Mobile phones are _ (wide) used in most of the cities in China. 3. He put on his coat and went out _ (quick). 4. She is _ (good) than Li Ping at swimming. 5. A lot Chinese people are _ (pride) of Yao Ming, a famous basketball star in NBA. 6. To our surprise, he suddenly returned on a cold _ (snow) night. 7. Allie asked me _ (polite) to put the things away. 8. Its snowing hard. You must drive _(careful). 9. The earth we live on is _ (big) than the moon. 10. Hainan is a very large island. Its the second _ (large) island in China. 三. 用适当的形容词或副词填空(首字母已给出) 1. A large number of mouths must be fed in those less d_ countries. 2. That evening Beethoven played the music for the girl as well as u_. 3. Hawaii is f_ its beautiful beaches. 4. He often takes an a_ part in the sports meeting and he can get very good results each time. 5. The performance was so w_ that everyone gave a long and loud applause(鼓掌). 6. Jiefang Road is the b_ street in our city. 7. She lay a_ for hours thinking over her business. 8. I like ball games very much, but my f_ sport is playing basketball. 9. The boy is too l_ . He doesnt want to do anything. 10. The dictionary is very u_ . It will help you a lot. 【练习答案】 一. 篇二：初中英语 形容词和副词重点归纳 一、形容词 1.用作定语 1）名词前 good idea/luck 2)不定代词后 something interesting 3）数字后 200 meters long 4)另外 else 修饰不定代词或疑问代词如who、whom、what 等 也要后置 who else 还有谁 what else 还有什么 2.用作表语 放在系动词后 1）be 动词 2）look、sound、taste、smell、feel、seem 3）变得 get、grow、go、turn、become 4）保持 keep、stay、remain 注意：1）一些以 a开头的形容词一般用作表语 如：afraid、alike、alone、alive、awake、asleep 等；2）某些表示身体健康状况的形容词一般只作表语 如 well、ill 3）the+某些形容词 可表示一类人或事物，相当于一个名词 the old 老人 the rich 富人 The dead 死人the blind 盲人 the deaf 聋子 3.作宾语补足语 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 （补充说明宾语的性质、状态、身份等） We are trying to make our country strong. 二、副词 副词常用来修饰形容词、动词、其他副词或句子，常位于形容词之前、动词之后或句子之首。 表示动作状态的特性或某种性质的程度时，在句中主要作状语。 1.程度副词 quite、rather、too、very、far、little、so、enough、greatly、almost 等一般放在被修饰词之前 very goodtoo cold 但 enough 修饰形容词或副词时往往后置 fast enough warm enough 2.频度副词 always、often、sometimes、never、usually 等常放在行为动词前，系动词 be、情态动词或第一个助动词后 They always get up late. Im never late. 3.时间副词now、today、once、already、yet、before、since 4.地点副词 inside、outside、upstairs、everywhere 等 1）若句子中同时有地点副词与时间副词，一般地点副词在前，时间副词在后 2）同性质的副词小单位的在前 We are going to meet at the school gate at 8:00 tomorrow. 5.疑问副词 when、where、how、why How: 1)How.?单独置于疑问句的句首表示询问做某事的方法、手段及健康、天气等 How is your father? How is the weather? 2)How +形容词/副词.?可询问年龄、身高、数量、次数、距离等 How far is it from your home to school?How old is your brother?How often do you play football? 三、形容词、副词的比较等级 1.原级 1）表示双方在程度、性质、特性等方面相等 用“as+形容词/副词+as”的结构 He can sing as well as Jay.2）表示不相等时“not so/as +形容词/副词+as” 前者不如后者 Wang Ming is not so outgoing as Li Lei. 2.比较级 1）两者之间的比较比较级+than He works even harder than before. 可在比较级前加上程度副词 much、far、a lot、still、even 2）由 and连接两个比较级 表示“越来越.” more and more 越来越多 colder and colder 越来越冷 3）the +比较级，the+比较级 表示“越. 越.” The more he eats,the fatter he will become. 4）用比较级表示最高级的意思 用上 any other，else 等 Xiao Zhang is shorter than any other boy in his class. 3.最高级 1）三者或三者以上相比 通常用“the+最高级”表示 副词最高级前可省 the Betty is the tallest of the three girls. 2）形容词最高级表示“最.之一”one of +the+最高级+复数名词 Shanghai is one of the busiest cities in China. 3)表示“第几个最.”时，用“the+序数词+最高级+名词”的结构 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 4)最高级前已有人称代词的所有格、名词所有格或指示代词时，不用 the Today is my is my happiest day. 篇三：中考英语形容词和副词考点归纳与例析中考英语形容词和副词考点归纳与解析 【重点讲解】 形容词用来修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。大多数形容词有比较等级的变化，可分为原级、比较级和最高级三种基本形式，用来表示事物的等级差别。 副词在句子中主要修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。副词按词汇意义可分为方式副词、程度副词、地点副词、时间副词和频度副词等。分别用于表示状态、程度、场所、时间。副词也有比较等级的变化，其规则形式与形容词的相同。 掌握形容词和副词的基本用法要注意以下几点： 1、有些形容词加-ly 可构成副词。但由名词加-ly 结尾的是形容词，如 friendly，lovely， likely，lively等。 2、形容词、副词的比较级等级的变化。 1）规则变化： 单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾加-er/ est smallsmallersmallest; clevercleverercleverest 辅音字母+y 结尾的，把 y变成 i加-er / est: easyeasiereasiest; heavyheavierheaviest 词尾以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词，双写该辅音字母，然后加-er/ est: bigbiggerbiggest; hothotterhottest 多音节词和部分双音节词，在词前加上 more/ most: slowlymore slowlymost slowly; interestingmore interestingmost interesting 2）不规则变化： 3、表示比较的几种句型： 句型 1：“比较级 + than ”，例如： You are taller than I. They lights in your room are brighter than those in mine. 句型 2：“as + 原级 + as”，否定句中可用 so as例如： Tom is as tall as his father. He cannot run so/as fast as you. 句型 3：“最高级 + in/of” ，例如： The Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world. Peter is the tallest player of the three. 4、可修饰比较级的词有 much, even, far, still, rather, by far, a bit, a little, a lot, a great deal等。例如： The sun is much bigger than the earth. 太阳比地球大得多。 He did his work far better than I. 他的工作做得比我好得多。 【中考链接】 1. The teacher looked at her students_ when they were saved. We also felt_ for them. A. happily, happy C. happy, happyB. happy, happily D. happily, happily 答案：A。 【解析】本题考查形容词和副词的用法。第一句中 look at是短语动词，要用副词 happily来修饰。第二句 felt是连系动词，连系动词后接形容词 happy作表语。故答案为 A。 2. This dish tastes_. Thank you. It _ by Mr. Smith. A. good; was cooked C. bad; is cooked B. well; cooks D. terrible; cooked 答案：A。 【解析】本题考查形容词作表语和动词的被动语态的用法。taste 是连系动词,连系动词后应接形容词作表语，根据上下文，第一空应该选 good, the dish是在他们说话之前做好的，所以第二句用一般过去时的被动语态形式，故选 A。 3_ good news it is! The panda are found alive after the earthquake. Its so_. A. What a, excited C. How a, excited B. What, exciting D. How, exciting 答案：B。 【解析】开头一句是感叹句，由于 news是不可数名词，第一空要填 what。exciting 在此作表语，意为“令人激动的” 。故选 B。 4. Traveling by plane is _ than traveling by train. Yes, but it is not so _ as traveling by train. A. quickly; cheaper C. quick; more cheapB. more quick; cheaply D. quicker; cheap 答案：D。 【解析】第一句根据句意应选用形容词的比较级，quick 是单音节的形容词，所以在其后直接加-er。第二句是考查(not)soas 句型的用法，在 asas或(not)so as)句型中形容词要用原级，故选 D。 5. Shall we go to the Hi-tech Fair at 9:00 tomorrow morning? Why not meet a little_? How about 8:30? A . more B. less C. laterD. earlier 答案：D。 【解析】本题考查副词比较级的用法。根据句意，将见面的时间从 9：00 改为 8：30，是提前了，所以选 D。 6. I think real cards are_ than e-cards. A. niceB. nicerC. nicest D. the nicest 答案：B。 【解析】根据句意，两种卡片相比，应用形容词的比较级，故选 B。 7. How much money did you pay for the drink? None. It was_. A. easyB. freeC. cheap D. expensive 答案：B。 【解析】本题要求根据对话内容选择恰当的形容词。根据答语开头的 “None”可看出“饮料不用付钱”，所以选答案 B。 8. Lets go to the new restaurant on the 24th Street for dinner tonight? We can cook it at home. Its_. A. expensive B. more expensive C. less expensiveD. the most expensive答案：C。 【解析】在家里做饭一般没有在餐馆吃贵，所以选 C。句意为：“今晚我们去二十四号街的新餐馆吃晚餐，好吗？” “我们在家做饭吧，这样会花费少些。 ” 9. Everyone likes Kevin because he talks to others_. A. friendlyB. lovelyC. politely D. luckily 答案：C。 【解析】本题应填副词，作状语。A 和 C是形容词，D 的意思不恰当，故选 C。句意为：人人都喜欢Kevin，因为他跟人说话很有礼貌。 10. Daniel is a careful driver but he drives _ of my friends. A. more carefully B. the most carefully C. less carefully D. the least carefully 答案：D。 【解析】本题考查副词最高级的用法。 根据句中表比较范围的“of my friends”来判断，应该选副词的最高级。可以排除 A和 C。 “but”是表示转折意思的连词，因此排除 B而选 D。句意为“虽然 Daniel是个谨慎的驾驶员，但在我的朋友中，他驾驶最不小心了。 ” 【习题精炼】 1. The sun _ rises in the east. A. never B. sometimes C. alwaysD. often 2. I always listen to the teacher_ in class. Its very clever of you to do that. A. free B. freelyC. careful D. carefully 3. They could do the work better with _ money and _people. A. little, fewer B.