仿聊天软件源代码教学北大青鸟完整.ppt

阶阶段项项目 MyQQ Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 1 阶段项目简介 任务：MyQQ 聊天工具 系统结构：C/S，通过数据库交换聊天消息 小组形式完成 学时：24学时 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 2 项目实施和课程安排 课程进度描述课时 第一次课项目讲解2 项目准备阶段2 第二次课任务讲解4 第一次集中编码 第三次课任务讲解4 第二次集中编码 第四次课任务讲解4 第三次集中编码 第五次课任务讲解4 第四次集中编码 第六次课总结和答辩4 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 3 软件开发流程 比尔盖子是一名建筑工人 起初只干一些比较简单的 建筑工作 凭个人技术和经验，不需要特 别设计，可以顺利完成 如同编写早期比较小的程序 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 4 软件开发流程 新任务：建造一间非常美 丽而完整的房间 工作变得复杂许多 像不断发展的软件，功能 越来越多，越来越复杂 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 5 软件开发流程 软件复杂性 图形用户界面 客户/服务器结构 分布式应用 数据通信 超大型关系型数据 库 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 6 项目团队中的角色 比尔想到需要更多的人手帮他 终于组成了自己工作团队 就像软件中的项目团队 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 7 软件项目团队中的角色 项目经理 技术负责人 软件架构师 项目团队 分析师 设计人员 开发人员 测试人员 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 8 项目人员构成比例 例子： 微软 EXCHANGE 2000 SERVER 的开发： 项目经理：25人 开发人员：140人 测试人员：350人 WINDOWS 2000： 项目经理：250人 开发人员：1700人 测试人员：3200人 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 9 软件工程师的工作 项目设计与分析 编码 编写文档 测试 团队管理 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 10 软件工程师的素质 良好的编码能力 规范化编码习惯 规范意识 团队精神 具有软件工程的概念 求知欲、进取心 和学习总结的能力 团队组织和管理能力 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 11 软件开发过程 “这次不能盲目开工， 我们需要首先好好设 计一下！” 构想 分析 设计 构造 评估 软件的制作过程也非常相似 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 12 软件开发过程 软件开发 可行性研究与计划 需求分析 设计 开发 评估/测试 维护 建造房屋 构想 分析 设计 构造 评估 维护 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 13 软件开发过程模型 软件开发需要经历几个步骤 具体如何实施，具体项目不同，有所区别 软件开发过程模型：制作具体软件时，开发步骤的具体实 施方法 瀑布模型 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 14 瀑布模型 瀑布模型 “线性顺序模型” 将每个阶段都清楚定义了起止点 产生明确的交付成果 阶段之间通过文档进行沟通 每个阶段都必需完成全部规定的任务（文档）后才能够进 入下一个阶段 可行性研究与计划 需求分析 设计 开发 测试 维护 可行性研究报告 需求说明书 设计文档 程序 测试报告 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 15 可行性研究与计划阶段 确定项目目的 了解系统中客户的期望 确定系统的规模 论证项目可行性 技术可行性 经济可行性 操作可行性 社会可行性 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 16 需求分析阶段 需求是产品的根源 需求工作的优劣对产品影响最大 获取需求 客户 同行、专家 已经存在的同类软件产品 行业标准、规则 Internet相关资料 可能遇到的问题 用户说不清楚需求 误解需求 分析需求 功能需求记录在客户需求说明书中 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 17 需求分析阶段 文档介绍产品功能性需求 产品介绍 产品应当遵循的标准和规范其他需求 需求说明书 产品非功能性需求 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 18 需求分析阶段 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 19 设计阶段 目的：根据用户的需要制定标准，划分并分配任务 设计GUI标准 设计数据库 设计过程模块 设计编码标准 构建原型 分配任务和监督任务 设计阶段涉及的活动 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 20 开发阶段 开发阶段 对用户界面 进行最后的修改 构建数据库 通过添加代码 使其具备功能 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 21 评估/测试阶段 本阶段测试每个单元的功能 测试阶段涉及的活动 单元测试 数据验证测试 安全性测试 强度测试 集成测试 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 22 维护阶段 为客户提供故障诊断支持 网络 电话 上门 应用程序要求的任何软件升级 版本 补丁 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 23 软件开发过程 比尔通过类似软件瀑布模型的方 式成功完成了自己的建筑项目 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 24 阶段项目需求描述及效果展示 用户注册 用户登录 个人信息编辑 查找/添加好友 好友列表 聊天 技术实现：WinForms+ADO.NET Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 25 需求分析数据库分析 需要的数据表： Users：用户表 Friends：好友表 Star：星座表 BloodType：血型表 FriendshipPolicy：好友策略表 Messages：消息表 MessageType：消息类型表 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 26 需求分析功能分析 主要功能： 注册与登录 好友管理 消息管理 个人设置 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 27 需求分析界面分析 需要的界面： 注册界面 登录界面 登录后的主界面 查找/添加好友界面 聊天界面 系统消息界面 个人设置界面 头像列表界面 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 28 需求分析辅助类分析 需要添加的辅助类： DBHelper类 UserHelper 类 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 29 MyQQ 聊天工具 组长 A组员 B组员 C 注 册 窗 体 聊 天 窗 体 个 人 信 息 窗 体 登 录 后 主 窗 体 查找/添加功能编码 登 录 窗 体 头 像 列 表 窗 体 系 统 消 息 窗 体 查 找 / 添 加 好 友 界面设计、辅助功能 辅 助 类 查 找 / 添 加 好 友 协助协助 小组分工 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 30 阶段划分 项目准备阶段 （2学时） 项目框架、建库、建表、提交计划 第一次集中编码 （4学时） 注册、登录功能 第二次集中编码 （4学时） 查找/添加好友、部分聊天功能 第三次集中编码 （4学时） 个人信息显示、完整聊天功能 第四次集中编码 （4学时） 个人信息修改、完善整个功能 项目答辩、总结（4学时） Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 31 项目准备阶段：A任务 搭建项目框架 提交小组计划 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 32 项目准备阶段：B任务 建库 建表 Users Friends FriendShi pPolicy 建关系 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 33 项目准备阶段：C任务 建表 Star BloodType Messages MessageType Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 34 第一次集中编码：A任务 设计注册窗体界面 实现用户注册功能 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 35 第一次集中编码：B任务 设计登录后主窗体 显示好友列表 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 36 第一次集中编码：C任务 设计登录窗体 实现登录功能 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 37 第一次集中编码：难点分析 注册功能难点 / 获取自动生成的Id值 / 查询新增加的记录的标识号的 SQL 语句 sql = “SELECT Identity FROM Users“; / / 执行查询语句 myQQNum = Convert.ToInt32(command.ExecuteScalar(); Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 38 第一次集中编码：难点分析 好友列表第三方控件 SideBar Groups 属性 SbGroup 类型 Items 属性 SbItem 类型Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 39 第一次集中编码：难点分析 SideBar / 命名空间 using Aptech.UI; / 添加组 sbFriends.AddGroup(“我的好友“); sbFriends.AddGroup(“陌生人“); / 添加项 SbItem item = new SbItem(string)dataReader“NickName“, (int)dataReader“FaceId“); sbFriends.Groups0.Items.Add(item); 显示的文字 显示的图像索引 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 40 第二次集中编码：A任务 查找/添加好友窗体设计 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 41 第二次集中编码：B任务 查找/添加好友功能实现 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 42 第二次集中编码：C任务 聊天窗体设计及功能实现 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 43 第二次集中编码：难点分析 添加好友判断流程 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 44 第二次集中编码：难点分析 操作显示查询好友结果的 DataGridView / 判断是否有单元格选中 if (dgvBasicResult.SelectedRows.Count = 0) / / 判断选中行的第一个单元格是否有值 if (dgvBasicResult.SelectedRows0.Cells0 != null) / 表示空 / 获得选中行的第一个单元格的值 dgvBasicResult.SelectedRows0.Cells0.Value Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 45 第三次集中编码：A任务 设计个人信息窗体 显示个人信息 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 46 第三次集中编码：B任务 完善登录后主窗体，扫描未读聊天消息 利用 Timer 实现 控制好友头像闪烁 来消息，头像闪烁 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 47 第三次集中编码：C任务 头像列表窗体设计及功能实现 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 48 第三次集中编码：难点分析 头像闪烁效果： 改变头像显示的图片，用Timer控制切换 头像列表： ListView 控件 View 属性：LargeIcon LargeImageList 属性：指定存放大头像图片的图像列表 控件 / 判断 ListView 中是否有选中的项 if (lvFaces.SelectedItems.Count = 0) / / 获得选中的头像的索引 int faceId = lvFaces.SelectedItems0.ImageIndex; Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 49 第四次集中编码：A任务 个人信息修改功能 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with