大学英语大一期末考试试题及答案.doc

2017年大学英语大一期末考试试题及答案I.Dictation (15%)II.Cloze Test (15%)Passage 1 (5%)Even (1)_ harmless falsehoods can have (2)_ consequences. Philosopher Sissela Bok (3)_ us that they can put us on a (4)_ slope. “After the first lie, others can come more (5)_,” she wrote in her book Lying: Moral Choice in Public and Private Life. “Psychological barriers (6)_ down; the ability to make more (7)_ can coarsen; the liars (8)_ of his chances of (9)_ caught may (10)_.”Passage 2 (10%)We all know that a magician does not really depend on magic to perform his tricks, but (1)_ his ability to act at great speed. (2)_, this does not prevent us from enjoying watching a magician (3)_rabbits from a hat. (4)_ the greatest magician of all time was Harry Houdini who died in 1926. Houdini mastered the art of (5)_. He could free himself from the tight test knots or the most complicated locks in seconds. (6)_ no one really knows how he did this, there is no doubt (7)_ he had made a close study of every type of lock ever invented. He liked to carry a small steel needle like tool strapped to his leg and he used this in (8)_ of a key.Houdini once asked the Chicago police to lock him in prison. They (9)_ him in chains and locked him up, but he freed himself (10)_ an instant. The police (11)_ him of having used a tool and locked him up again . This time he wore (12)_ clothes and there were chains round his neck, waist, wrists, and legs; but he again escaped in a few minutes. Houdini had probably hidden his needle in a wax like (13)_ and dropped it on the floor in the passage. (14)_ he went past, he stepped on it so that it stuck to the bottom of his foot. His most famous escape, however, was (15)_ astonishing. He was heavily chained up and enclosed in an empty wooden chest, the lid of (16)_ was nailed down. The (17)_ was dropped into the sea in New York harbor. In one minute Houdini had swum to the surface. When the chest was (18)_, it was opened and the chains were found inside.In 1912, Houdini introduced perhaps his most famous (19)_, the Chinese Water Torture Cell, in which he was suspended upside-down in a locked glass-and-steel cabinet overflowing with water. The act required that Houdini (20)_ his breath for more than three minutes. Houdini performed the escape for the rest of his career.1. A. to B. for C. on D. with2. A. Generally B. However C. Possibly D. Likewise3.A. to produce B. who produces C. produce D. how to produce4. A. Out of the question B. Though C. Probably D. Undoubted5. A. escaping B. locking C. opening D. dropping6. A. Surprisingly B. Obviously C. Perhaps D. Although7. A. if B. whether C. as to D. that8. A. place B. stead C. substitution D. case9. A. involved B. closed C. connected D. bound10. A. at B. by C. in D. for11. A. rid B. charged C. accused D. deprived12. A. no B. heavy C. little D. thin13. A. candle B. mud C. something D. substance14. A. As B. Usually C. Maybe D. Then15. A. overall B. all but C. no longer D. altogether16. A. it B. which C. that D. him17. A. chest B. body C. lid D. chain18. A. brought up B. sunk C. broken apart D. snapped19. A. acting B. action C. act D. acts20. A. was to hold B. hold C. holding D. heldIII.Paraphrase (10%)1.When others were complimenting him on the new invention, the boss decided to take him down a peg by pointing out that the success was the result of collective effort.2.It dawned on her that Susan had told the lie to spare her feelings.3.It will certainly put a damper on your spring festival if you flunk your test this time.4.The researchers went out of their way to find information pertinent to this new environmental trend.5.I finally brought it home to my wife that I have never entertained the notion of spending my holiday in the packed casinos in Macau.IV.Sentence Rewriting (5%)1. Though it is an imperfect idea, it is the best we have and it is the work of the reason. (as)2. He has never thought that he would become the leading actor in the play. (occur)3. It was rather a monologue than an argument.(so muchas)4. In order that I can get the ammunition I need to make a complaint, I keep a special file for warranty cards and appliance guarantees. (so as to)5. You have finished your assignment. You may play computer games. (Now that)V. Translation (20%)1.从某种意义上来说，产出应该和投入成正比。 (in a sense, proportional)2.高考象征着公平竞争，但它时常不能正确地反映一个学生的天赋和潜能。(embody, justice)3.有些年轻的白领过于注重时尚，不惜一切代价追随时代潮流。(fetish，go out of ones way)4.他极其渴望得到教授的认可，所以抓住每个机会请他看自己的论文。(crave，pounce on)5.许多家长时常以爱的名义强加给他们的孩子一种被各种考试支配的生活。(in the name of, sentence sb. to)VI. Derivation (5%)1.1. Whether _ euthanasia should be made legal is still a controversy. (volunteer)2.Romance movies often have detailed depictions of emotional _. (tangle)3. While the majority of people in China still live in rural areas, rapid _ is predicted by many experts. (urban)4.He has been _ from waist down since the car accident last year. (paralysis)5.The rebellion was finally cracked down by the ruling party with _. (brutal)6.Her electrifying gymnastics performances lifted her from (obscure) to worldwide renown.7.He had (acquaintance) himself with customs in America since he had been there for a couple of times.8.Sir,he said with ( reverently), it is a work of genius.9.She seemed to be a living (embody) of vitality.10.The all not structure is of (part) negation.VII. Phrasal-verb (5%)1.Usually I am shy and find initiating conversations difficult. Suddenly a lifetimes shackles of self-consciousness fell _ and I was chatting to people about my childhood.2.Desperate times call _ desperate measures.3.The nurses will helpfully attend _ the patients needs.4.Children have an uncanny knack for seeking _ rules and regularities in acquiring language.5.The gust of wind did not die _ the whole night.6.The teacher tried to explain the problem, but the explanation did not get _ to the class.7.I smell the fresh air and the grass and it sets me _ for the day.8.The lecture was so boring that the audience began to doze_.9.After a hard days work, he can do _ a good hot meal.10.I am afraid youve been taken _; this pound note is a counterfeit.VIII. Multiple Choice (15%)1. You can use my notes, _.A. such as they are B. such as they were C. such as it is D. such as it was2. Because of the _ of its ideas, the book was in wide circulation both at home and abroad.A. originality B. subjectivity C. generality D. ambiguity3. America has now adopted more _ European-style inspection systems, and the incidence of food poisoning is falling.A. discrete B. solemn C. rigorous D. autonomous4. Mainstream pro-market economists all agree that competition is an _ spur to efficiency and innovation.A.extravagant B. exquisite C. intermittent D. indispensable5. His voice began to _ at the mention of his sufferings in the old days.A. collapse B. falter C. warp D. shiver6.There will be a risk of public protest that could _ reforms.A. set aside B. set up C. set back D. set in7. “You _not steal,” is one of the Commandments in Bible.A. should B. would C. shall. D. will8. The new research institute is established to keep _ with the rapid development in outer-space expeditions in such countries as U.S. and Russia.A. move B. step C. speed D. pace9. Look at the following words or phrases. Decide which of the four does NOT have a similar meaning to OVERSHADOW.A. dwarfB. have an edge on/overC. put somebody/something in the shadeD. eclipse10. In the text Take Over, Bosn, what turned Jeff Barrett from a half-mad animal tortured by thirst into a man of responsibility?A. His pity for the bosn. B. His desire for promotion.C. The bosn s words to him: “take over, Bosn.” D. A sudden enlightenment.11. Judge, according to “The Chaser” (Text I, Unit 7), which of the following statements is true.A. The old man has a large stock of potions in various types.B. The love potion has just a temporary effect. C. The young man is in fervent love with a young, cheerful girl.D. It is the love potion that the old man intends to sell primarily.12. In Fun, Oh Boy. Fun. You Could Die from It (Text I, Unit 8), the prevailing tone of the passage is _A. serious B. objective C. mocking D. ironic13. What do you think is the purpose of the text On Becoming a Better Student?A. To describe the qualities of a fine student.B. To offer some advice on how to improve ones performanceC. To give some examples of good studentsD. To explain the importance of possessing these qualities.14. Which of the following statements can NOT be inferred from the text The Real Truth About Lies?A.Women are more sensitive to others feelings, while men are less concerned about others.B.Many people who are “serial liars” do not suffer from a guilty conscience.C.One is free to tell white lies so long as they are well-intended.D.The implied meaning of Mark Twains sentence in the last paragraph is that peopleseldom tell the truth when they are in doubt.15. Decide which of the following best states the authors purpose of writing “Out of Step”.A. Pointing out the fact that Americans walk too little today.B. Introducing an alternative to car-driving as a means of transport for an average American.C. Complaining about inconvenient traffic conditions for pedestrians in America.D. Trying to show the author and his wife can not keep up with what happens in America.IX. Reading Comprehension (10%)Passage 1Staggering tasks confronted the people of the United States, North and South, when the Civil War ended. About a million and a half soldiers from both sides had to be demobilized, readjusted to civilian life, and reabsorbed by the devastated economy. Civil government also had to be put back on a peacetime basis and interference from the military had to be stopped.The desperate plight of the South has eclipsed the fact that reconstruction had to be undertaken also in the North, though less spectacularly. Industries had to adjust to peacetime conditions, factories had to be retooled for civilian needs.Financial problems loomed large in both the North and the South. The national debt had shot up from a modest $65 million in 1861, the year the ear started to nearly $3 billion in 1865, the year the war ended. This was a colossal sum for those days but one that a prudent government could pay. At the same time, war taxes had to be reduced to less burdensome levels.Physical devastation caused by invading armies, chiefly in the South and border states, had to be repaired. This herculean task was ultimately completed, but with discouraging slowness.Other important questions needed answering. What would be the future of the four million black people who were freed from slavery? On what basis were the Southern states to be brought back into the Union?What of the Southern leaders, all of whom were liable to charges of treason? One of these leaders, Jefferson Davis, President of the Southern Confederacy, was the subject of an insulting popular Northern song, Hang Jeff Davis from a Sour Apple Tree. And even children sang it. Davis was temporarily chained in his prison cell during the early days of his two-year imprisonment. But he and the other Southern leaders were finally released, partly because it was unlikely that a jury from Virginia, a Southern Confederate state, would convict them. All the leaders were finally pardoned by President Johnson in 1868 in an effort to help reconstruction efforts proceed with as little bitterness as possible.1. What does the passage mainly discuss?A) Wartime expendituresB) Problems facing the United States after the warC) Methods of repairing the damage caused by the warD) The results of government efforts to revive the economy2. The word Staggering in line 1 is closest in meaning to _.A) specializedB) confusingC) variousD) overwhelming3. According to the passage, which of the following statements about the damage in the South iscorrect?A) It was worse than in the North.B) The cost was less than expectedC) It was centered in the border states.D) It was remedied rather quickly.4. The passage refers to all of the following as necessary steps following the Civil War EXCEPT_.A) helping soldiers readjustB) restructuring industryC) returning government to normalD) increasing taxes5. Which of the following can be inferred from the phrase it was unlikely that a jury fromVirginia, a Southern Confederate state,would convict them (last paragraph)?A) Virginians felt betrayed by Jefferson DavisB) A popular song insulted VirginiansC) Virginians were loyal to their leadersD) All of the Virginia military leaders had been put in chains.Passage 2Age has its privileges in America. And one of the more prominent of them is the senior citizen discount. Anyone who has reached a certain agein some cases as low as 55is automatically entitled to a dazzling array of price reductions at nearly every level of commercial life. Eligibility is determined not by ones need but by the date on ones birth certificate. Practically unheard of a generation ago, the discounts have become a routine part of many businessesas common as color televisions in motel rooms and free coffee on airliners.People with gray hair often are given the discounts without even asking for them;yet，millions of Americans above age 60 are healthy and solvent. Businesses that would never dare offer discounts to college students or anyone under 30 freely offer them to older Americans. The practice is acceptable because of the widespread belief that “elderly” and “needy” are synonymous .Perhaps that once was true, but today elderly Americans as a group have a lower poverty rate than the rest of the population. To be sure, there is economic diversity within the elderly, and many older Americans are poor, but most of them arent. It is impossible to determine the impact of the discounts on individual companies. For many firms, they are a stimulus to revenue. But in other cases the discounts are given at the expense, directly or indirectly, of younger Americans. Moreover, they are a direct irritant in what some politicians and scholars see as a coming conflict between the generations.Generational tensions are being fueled by continuing debate over Social Security benefits，which mostly involves a transfer of resources from the young to the old. Employment is another sore point. Buoyed by laws and court decisions, more and more older Americans are declining the retirement dinner in favor of staying on the jobthereby lessening employment and promotion opportunities for younger workers.Far from a kind of charity they once were, senior citizen discounts have become a formidable economic privilege to a group with millions of members who dont need them.It no longer makes sense to treat the elderly as a single group whose economic needs deserve priority over those of others. Senior citizen discounts only enhance the myth that older people cannot take care of themselves and need special treatment;and they threaten the creation of a new myth, that the elderly are ungrateful and taking for themselves at the expense of children and other age groups. Senior citizen discounts are the essence of the very thing older Americans are fighting againstdiscrimination by age.6. We learn from the first paragraph that_.A) offering senior citizens discounts has become routine commercial practiceB) senior citizen discounts have enabled many old people to live a decent lifeC) giving senior citizens discounts has boosted the market for the elderlyD) senior citizens have to show their birth certificates to get a discount7. What assumption lies behind the practice of senior citizen discounts?A) Businesses, having made a lot of profits, should do something for society in return.B) Old people are entitled to special treatment for the contribution they made to society.C) The elderly, being financially underprivileged, need humane help from society.D) Senior citizen discounts can make up for the inadequacy of the Social Security system.8. According to some politicians and scholars, senior citizen discounts will_.A) make old people even more dependent on societyB) intensify conflicts between the young and the oldC) have adverse financial impact on business companiesD) bring a marked increase in the companies revenues9. How does the author view the Social Security system?A) It encourages elderly people to retire in time.B) It opens up broad career prospects for young people.C) It benefits the old at the expense of the youngD) It should be reinforced by laws and court decisions10. Which of the following best summarizes the authors main argument? A) Senior citizens should fight hard against age discrimination.B) The elderly are selfish and taking senior discounts for granted.C) Priority should be given to the economic needs of senior citizens.D) Senior citizen discounts may well be a type of age discriminationEnglish Intensive ReadingSecond-year ExaminationAnswer Key (