高中英语Unit5Travellingabroad第1课时试题含解析新人教版.docx

Unit 5 Travelling abroad （1） 重 点单 词1. _ n资格；资历 qualify v.（使）有资格2. _ n. 准备；预备 prepare vt. 准备；预备3. _ vt. 推荐；建议4. _ n. 舒适；安慰 vt. 安慰 comfortable adj. 舒服的5. _ n. 代替品；代用品 vt. 用代替6. _ n. 需要；要求 require vt. 需要，要求7. _ n. 祖国8. _ vt. 承认；确认；答谢9. _ vt. 反驳；驳斥10. _ vt. 占用；占领；占据 occupation n. 占领；职业11. _ n. &vi. 演讲；讲课 12. _n. 草稿，草案 vt 草拟，起草 重 要短 语1. adjust_ 适应2. keep it _ 保持优秀成绩，继续干下去3. fit_ 相适应，相融合4. make preparations_为做准备5. as _ as one is concerned 就而言6. be occupied_ 忙着做，忙于某事7. apply _ 申请8. get used _ 习惯于9. be similar _ 与相似 10. _ a plane 登上飞机关键句 型1. How difficult _ _ _it is _ _ _ _ _of another country? 你认为要适应另一个国家的风俗有多难？2. It was _ _ _she _ _ _ her motherland. 这是她第一次离开祖国。3. She is halfway through the preparation year, _most foreign students complete before _ _a degree course. 大多数外籍学生在申请进入学位课程学习之前都要学一年预科，而谢蕾已经读完半年了。4. You have to _ _ _a whole new way of life, which can take up all your concentration in the beginning. 你得适应一种全新的生活方式，在一开始的时候这就会占去你的全部精力。【答案】重点单词1. qualification2. preparation3. recommend4. comfort 5. substitute6. requirement7. motherland8. acknowledge9. contradict 10. occupy 11. lecture12. draft重要短语1. to2. up3. in4. for5. far6. with7. for8. to 9. to10. board关键句型1. do you think; to adjust to the customs2. the first time; had ever left3. which; applying for4. get used to之重点单词1. advantage n优势；益处；便利(反义词disadvantage)There are both advantages and disadvantages in city life. 城市生活既有优势也有弊端。Living in big cities has many advantages.生活在大城市有很多优势。【知识拓展】 have the advantage of有方面的优势 to ones advantage对有利 take advantage of利用某事；欺骗某人 have/win advantage over优于；胜过【跟踪典例】汉译英他英语讲得很流利，这使他在美国很有利。_Havent you learned of the advantage you should _of others weak point in order to win the match?【答案】He speaks English very fluently, which is to his advantage in America.take固定短语，take advantage of.利用。本句中advantage已提前，作先行词，后面为一个定语从句修饰advantage。2. board vt.上船(火车、飞机等)；有偿提供食宿vi.搭伙n木板；董事会；膳食费用board at / board with 付费（在某人家里）膳宿on board 在船上（或飞机上，火车上）board sb out 把（某人）安排在外膳宿Jim boards at the Greens.=Jim boards with Mrs. Greens. 吉姆在格林太太家吃住。She always has her guests boarding out. 她总是安排客人在外面吃饭。Her election to the board of directors caused great surprise.她被选进董事会，令人大为吃惊。注意：broad adj. 宽广的aboard adv. & prep.在船(火车、飞机)上abroad adv.在国外；到国外【跟踪典例】他们每周收费40美元向他供膳。They _ him _ $40 a week.所有乘客都已登上了火车。All the passengers have _ _ _.【答案】boarded; forboarded the train3. qualification n. 资格；资历；证明He got a medical qualification last year.他去年取得医学资格证。He has no qualification for a teacher.他没有担任教师的资格。【知识拓展】without qualification 毫无保留地，无条件地qualify v取得资格；证明合格qualify sb for sth使某人具有某种资格/给某人某种资格qualify sb to do sth使某人有资格做某事qualified adj.合格的；胜任的be（well）qualified for/ to do sth 很适合/有资格做某事【跟踪典例】Bob thought he had all the right _ for the job, so he went bravely to the managerA. diplomaB. qualificationsC. identificationD. signatureHe does not _ as a teacher of English as his pronunciation is terrible.A. equalB. matchC. qualifyD. fit【答案】B【解析】句意:鲍勃认为他完全有资格胜任这项工作，因此他勇敢地去见经理了。diploma文凭；identification身份证明，鉴定；signature签名。C【解析】qualify取得资格，合格，常与as或for等连用。equal比得上，常与介词to连用；match相配，常与介词with连用；fit适合，常与介词in 连用。4. preparation n准备；预备be in preparation在准备中in preparation for为作好准备make preparations for/against为/反对作准备He did little preparation for the exam.他对考试没作什么准备。She is making preparations for her marriage. 她正在为结婚做准备。【知识拓展】prepare v预备；使有准备prepare sb for sth使某人对某事有所准备prepare to do sth准备去做某事be (well) prepared for/to do.对有所准备【跟踪典例】这个国家正在进行备战。 The country is _ _ _ war.They _ _ _ _ _ the upcoming elections.他们为即将到来的选举做了充分的准备。I have to put in a few hours to _ _ _(准备明天的课程)【答案】making preparations forhave made full preparations forprepare tomorrows lesson5. recommend vt. 推荐；建议recommend. to sbrecommend sb.向某人推荐recommend sb for推荐某人做(某职位)recommend sb as推荐某人为recommend sb to do sth建议某人做某事recommend doing sth建议做某事recommendthat从句(从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气，即shoulddo，should可以省略)建议I recommend you to buy this dictionary and that tape.我建议你买这本字典和那盒磁带。I can recommend Miss Green as a good typist.我可以推荐格林小组为一名优秀的打字员。The doctor strongly recommended that he take a holiday.医生竭力劝他休假。【跟踪典例】用所给动词的适当形式填空。He recommended me _ (change) my way of life.It is strongly recommended that the machine _ (check) every year.The doctor recommended _ (limit) the amount of fat in my diet.【答案】to change(should) be checkedlimiting6. comfort n舒适；安慰vt.安慰She comforted herself with the thought that it would be soon spring.她想到春天很快就要来临，以此来安慰自己。Jerrys been a real comfort to me since Max died.麦克斯去世后，杰里成了我真正的安慰。【知识拓展】 (1)in comfort舒适地；放松地be a comfort to sb对某人来说是个安慰(2)comfort sbgive comfort to sb 安慰某人(3)comfortable adj. 舒服的；安逸的make oneself comfortable 使某人舒服【名师点睛】comfort作舒适，安慰讲时，为不可数名词，但作令人安慰的人或事物讲时，则是可数名词，前面常出现不定冠词a。【跟踪典例】He is _ great comfort to his parents.You bet. His income enables his parents to live _ comfort.【答案】a；in句意：他对他的父母而言是个很大的安慰。的确是。他的收入让他的父母能够生活安逸。comfort作令人感到安慰的人或事物讲时为可数名词，所以第一个空要用a；in comfort舒适地，是固定搭配。7. substitute(1)n.代替者；代用品。后常与介词for连用。The manager has to find a substitute for Tim.经理不得不找个人来代替蒂姆。Vitamin pills are no substitute for a healthy diet.维生素药片不是健康饮食的替代品。(2)v.(用)代替。用A代替Bsubstitute A for B substitute B with /by A substitute for 代替The assistant substituted for him to attend the school meeting. 助手代替他去参加了校会。I can substitute milk for cream.I can substitute cream with/by milk.我可以用牛奶代替奶油。We substituted a red apple for green to see if the baby would notice.我们用红苹果代替青苹果，看看这婴儿会不会发觉。【易混辨析】substitute/replacesubstitute指暂时代替或代理substitute A for B用A代替Breplace指以新换旧，以好替坏replace B with A 用A代替BWe should substitute/replace the broken window with a new one. =We should substitute a new window for the broken one. 我们应该用新窗户更换破了的窗户。【跟踪典例】用适当的介词填空。Homemade parts are being substituted _ imported ones.It is low in fat and used _ a substitute for cream in baked food.Nothing could substitute _ mothers milk.Fish can be substituted _ meat in this recipe.【答案】forasforwith8. requirement nC需求；要求meet/satisfy ones requirement满足/达到某人的要求The new computer system will meet all our requirements.新的计算机系统将能满足我们所有的需要。【名师点睛】requirement后面的表语从句和同位语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用(should)动词原形。如：Do you know the requirement that every applicant(should)have a medical examination?你知道所有的申请者要进行体检这条规定吗？【知识拓展】 require vt.要求；请求，需要require that sb(should) do.要求某人做某事require sth of sb要求某人某事require sb to do sth要求某人做某事require doing/to be done需要The boss required that she (should) keep it a secret.老板要求她对此事保密。These temples require repairing next month.These temples require to be repaired next month.这些寺庙下个月需要修缮。【跟踪典例】The book requires to be returned on time.(句型转换)The book requires _The boss required that we work all night.(句型转换)The boss _ all night.The _ of the boss was that we _ all night.I will do what is required of me.译：_The boss _ that everyone _ his best for the company. Thus he will try to _老板要求人人为公司尽全力。因此他会尽力满足大家的要求。【答案】returning on timerequired us to work；requirement；work凡是要求我做的事，我都会办到。required；(should) try；meet/satisfy everyones requirement9. acknowledge vt.承认；确认；答谢acknowledge (doing)sth承认(干过)某事acknowledgesb/sth.to be/as 承认某人/某物是acknowledgethat从句 承认Its generally/universally acknowledged that. 大家公认With no solid evidence，he refused to acknowledge stealing(steal) the ladys purse.没有确凿的证据，他拒绝承认偷了那位女士的钱包。It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality.人们普遍认为应该依据整体素质来评价学生。【跟踪典例】补全句子我们应该对他帮助我们学英语表示感谢。We should _ _ _ with our English.Professor Hawking is generally _ _ one of the worlds greatest living physicists.(同义句转换)_ _ _ _ _ Professor Hawking is one of the worlds greatest living physicists.The boy, who unusually got high marks this time, finally acknowledged_(cheat) in the exam.【答案】acknowledge his helpacknowleged as; It is generally acknowledged thathaving cheated句意：这次那个男孩竟想不到地获得了高分，他最终承认考试作弊了。考查非谓语动词。 acknowledge doing sth承认做某事，动作cheat发生在谓语动词acknowledge之前，且与逻辑主语the boy之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故填having cheated。10. occupy vt.占用；占领；占据；使忙于occupy sb/oneself in doing sth/with sth使某人/自己忙于某事be occupied with sth忙于某事be occupied in doing sth忙于做某事Reading occupies most of my free time. 阅读占去了我大部分的闲暇时间。When the enemy occupied the city, the scientist was occupied with his research in an office that he occupied. 当敌人占据这个城市时，这位科学家正在他所拥有的办公室里忙于他的研究。【归纳总结】忙于全神贯注于投身于的短语be engaged in (doing) sth be absorbed in (doing) sthbe busy with sthbe busy (in) doing sthconcentrate on (doing) sthbe devoted to (doing) sth【跟踪典例】根据提示，用occupy的相关短语填空。When the enemy _ (占领这个城市)，the scientist _ (正忙着) his research. He _ (一直忙于那项研究) for many days. However，he was forced to stop the research and leave this city in the end.单句改错(有1处错误)。He would have attended your birthday party，but he had occupied with a very important experiment._【答案】occupied the city；was occupied with；had been occupied himself in the researchhad后加been之重点短语1. adjust to适应；调节(to为介词)Some of the staff found it hard to adjust to all the changes in technology and working methods.有些职员发现要适应技术和工作方法的所有变化是很难的。【知识拓展】 adjust sth to sth调整以适应adjust oneself to sth使自己适应于adjust (oneself) to中，to为介词，其后须接n.，pron.或v.ing形式，含有to的高频动词短语还有：be accustomed to习惯于be/get used to习惯于contribute to有助于；导致devote.to.把贡献到上get down to着手look forward to盼望；期待lead to导致；通向pay attention to注意see to负责；照料be addicted to对上瘾【跟踪典例】She found it hard to _ _ _ at night.(work)她发现很难适应夜间工作。One must _ _ _ the changing conditions.(adjust)一个人必须适应环境的变化。【答案】adjust to workingadjust oneself to2. keep it up保持优秀成绩；继续干下去Excellent work, Crippskeep it up!克里普斯，你干得真好要保持下去！Keep it up, and you will succeed in this field.继续干下去，你会在这个领域取得成功的。【知识拓展】 (1)keep短语：keep up保持；继续；不低落；不落后keep back(与)保持距离；抑制；隐瞒keep off不接近keep out挡住；使不进入keep away from避开keep up with赶上；跟上keep ones word /promise履行诺言keep.from (doing) sth阻止某人做某事keep in touch with与保持联系keep to坚守；遵守；坚持keep.in mind记住(2)含有it的短语，it本身无词义，只是帮助构成习语make it成功 take it easy别紧张take it猜想catch it受责备get it明白，理解see to it留意务必做as sb put it正如某人所说【跟踪典例】用适当的介词或副词填空。We will reach the goal if we keep _ the plan.The captain tried his best to keep our spirits _He told the boys playing football to keep _ the grass.Keep the children away _ the machine.【答案】toupofffrom3. fit in相适应；相融合Surroundings are important things for animals. If they cant fit it in well, they will die out.环境对动物来说很重要。如果不能很好地适应环境，它们就会灭绝。【知识拓展】fit in with sb =get on/along with sb 与和得来fit in with sth=agree with sth适应fit up 安装；安放be fit for适合；胜任be fit to do sth适合做某事keep fit保持健康【跟踪典例】The book is _(适合) children.My ideas did not _(与一致) his aims.I work out regularly to _(保持健康)I tried to fit _ but they were much younger than I.【答案】fit forfit in withkeep fitin句意为我尽力地想和他们和睦相处，但是他们比我年轻多了。fit in (with)意为(和)融洽相处。4. refer to(1)谈及，提及；涉及，与相关。Dont refer to this matter again, please.请不要再提这件事了。What I have to say refers to all of you.我要说的和你们大家都有关。(2)参考；咨询。If you dont know the meaning of the word, you can refer to the dictionary.如果不知道那个单词的意思， 你可以查查词典。【跟踪典例】他在那场重要的考试中看笔记，真是太愚蠢了，结果，他受到了处罚。It was foolish of him to_ _ _ _ during that important test, and as a result, he got punished.【答案】 refer to his notes5. take up （1）占据（时间或空间）I wont take up any more of your time.我不再占用你的时间了。（2）以某事作为爱好或消遣Theyve taken up golf.他们学起打高尔夫来了。（3）开始从事某事He takes up his duties next week.他下周就要开始履行职责。（4）继续，接下去The bands new album took up where their last one left off.这个乐队的新唱片集是接上一集的乐曲录制的。（5）将改短This skirt needs taking up.这条裙子需要改短。【知识拓展】 take sth apart 拆散某物take back 收回 take down 记下take in 收留；欺骗 take off起飞；脱下；迅速流行 take on 呈现；雇佣take out 取出；带出去 take over 接管；接替【跟踪典例】Not knowing much of the world yet, simple-minded teenagers are easily _.A. taken upB. taken inC. taken onD. taken off【答案】B【解析】句意：因为对世界还了解不多，思想单纯的青少年很容易被欺骗。take up 从事；take in欺骗；take on 呈现；take off起飞。之重点句型1. It was the first time she had ever left her motherland.这是她第一次离开自己的祖国。句式It/This/Thatis/wasthe first/the second/.time that.表示某人第一次/二次/次做某事。注意该句型中从句的谓语动词常用现在完成时或过去完成时，如果主句谓语用了was，则后面的that从句要用过去完成时；如果主句谓语用了is或will be，则后面的that从句要用现在完成时。that可以省略。即：is和will be与has/have done对应；was与had done对应。如：It is the first time I have been here.这是我第一次到这儿来。It was the second time that he had failed in the exam.这是他第二次考试不及格。【知识拓展】It is/was(high)time that sb should do/did sth意为到了某人做某事的时间了。相当于It is/was time for sb to do sth。如：It is high time we went to bed.到我们上床睡觉的时间了。the first time还可用作连词，引导时间状语从句，表示第一次时。如：I fell in love with Lucy the first time I met her in Atlanta.我在亚特兰大第一次见到露西就爱上了她。for the first time是介词短语，只能用作句子的状语，不可用引导状语从句， 它不具有连词的功能。表示第一次。We met at college for the first time.我们第一次见面是在上大学时。【跟踪典例】完成句子This is the first time we _(see) a film in the cinema together as a family.It was the third time he_(make) the same mistake._ _ _(第一次)I went to the seaside, I picked up a great many shells.【答案】have seen句意：这是我们全家第一次一起到电影院看电影。在句型This/It is/was the first(second/.) time (that)中，be动词用is，从句用现在完成时。had made句意为：这是他第三次犯同样的错误。在It is/was the first/second.time(that)句型中，从句应用完成时态，再由句中was可知此处应用过去完成时。The first time句意：第一次去海边，我捡了特别多的贝壳。考查时间状语从句。The first time引导时间状语从句。2. But I was also very nervous as I didnt know what to expect.但是我又非常紧张，因为我不知道我期望的是什么（1）as引导原因状语从句，what to expect作宾语。（2）句中what to expect是疑问句不定式结构，作know的宾语。此结构还可作主语和表语。How to give advice in English is what I am trying to learn.我正在努力学习如何用英语提建议。(作主语)I really dont know what to write about.我实在不知道该写些什么。(作动词宾语)We must first solve the problem of whom to serve.我们必须首先解决为谁服务的问题。(作介词宾语)【跟踪典例】(1)用疑问词不定式改写下列句子How we should do it was discussed last night._ was discussed last night.I didnt know where I should go.I didnt know _.The difficulty was how we should cross the river.The difficulty was _.【答案】How to do itwhere to gohow to cross the river(2)Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach _ to read fast.【答案】how句意：二十名学生想参加旨在教授如何快速阅读的课程。how如何，符合句意。3. Living with host families, in which there may be other college students, gives her the chance to learn more about the new culture.房东家也许会住着其他大学生，跟这样的人家住在一起给她提供了机会，更好地了解这个新文化。句中动名词短语living with host families用作主句的主语，主句的谓语是gives，其后接双宾语(her the chance)，不定式短语to learn more about the new culture作后置定语，修饰chance。其中in which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰host families。【知识拓展】动名词作主语有如下几种常见情况：(1)直接位于句首作主语。如：Swimming is a good sport in summer.夏天游泳是一项很好的运动。(2)用it作形式主语，把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。如：It is no use telling him not to worry.告诉他不要担心没有用。(3)用于There be结构中。如：There is no saying when hell come.很难说他何时回来。(4)用于布告形式的省略结构中。如：No smoking.No smoking is allowed(here)禁止吸烟。No parking.禁止停车。(5)动名词的复合结构作主语。当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，常可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格，构成动名词的复合结构，可以在句中作主语。如：Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us. 他们前来救援极大地鼓舞了我们。【跟踪典例】_(汤姆迟到) for school once in a while often makes Mr. Smith angry.【答案】Toms being late动名词的复合结构Toms being late在句中作主语。. 单词拼写1. Li Na is _(认为) as one of the best tennis players in the world.2. In a way, tea is a proper _(代替品) for wine.3. Business training is a good _(准备) for any career.4. Not all goods satisfy the customers _(要求)5. They _(起草) a report on the spot after careful discussion.6. He _(建议) wearing safety equipment before entering the room.7. He _(使忙于) himself in collecting stamps.8. In the _(自助食堂) we serve ourselves.9. Jack has obtaine