have宾语非谓语动词.doc

一、have + 宾语 + 不定式该结构中have的基本意思是“有”，其主要用法有：1. 表示有某事要做，其中的不定式为定语。如：She didnt have the courage to refuse. 她没有勇气拒绝。Birds have the instinct to learn to fly. 鸟有飞的本能。We have every reason to think he may still be alive. 我们有充分理由认为他可能还活着。2. 表示因为有A结果发生了B，其中的不定式为结果状语。如：I had the luck to find him at home. 我真幸运，找他时他正在家。They had the misfortune to be hit by a violent storm. 他们不幸遇上了猛烈的风暴。二、have + 宾语 + 动词原形该结构中的动词原形，实为省略了to的不定式，用作宾语补足语，其中的have为使役动词。该结构的主要用法有：1. 表示叫(请、使、让)某人做某事。如：He had his son clean the car. 他叫他的儿子擦车。Ill have the gardener plant some trees. 我要让园丁种些树。Dont interrupt her：let her have her say. 别打断她的话，让她把意见说出来。2. 表示容忍或允许某人做某事(用于否定句，尤与 wont, cant连用)。如：I wont have you tell me what to do. 我不能让你对我做的 事指手划脚。三、have + 宾语 + 现在分词该结构中的现在分词用作宾语补足语，其中的have为使役动词。该结构的主要用法有：1. 表示使(让)某人(某事物)一直做在做某事或处于做某事的状态之中。如：She had her audience listening attentively. 她使听众听得入神。Within minutes he had the whole audience laughing and clapping. 没出几分钟他就让全体听众笑起来，鼓起掌来。The film had us all sitting on the edges of our seats with excitement. 这部影片让我们大家激动不已。2. 表示容忍或允许某人做某事(用于否定句，尤与 wont, cant连用)。如：He wont have boys arriving late. 他不允许孩子们迟到。I wont have you smoking at your age. 我不能让你在这个年纪就抽烟。I hate to have my boss standing over me. 我不喜欢上司监督我。3. 说服或命令某人做某事。如：He had me doing all kinds of jobs for her. 他叫我为她做各种事情。注：have difficult problem doing sth是英语中一个很有用的句式，其中的have表示“有”，We had the greatest difficulty imaginable getting here in time. 我们为了及时赶到此地，经历了可能想见的最大的困难。四、have + 宾语 + 过去分词该结构中的过去分词用作宾语补足语，其中的have为使役动词。该结构的最大特点就是，其中的过去分词与其前的宾语有被动关系。具体说来，该结构有以下主要用法：1. 表示请(让)别人做某事。如：We had the machine repaired. 我们请人修理了机器。Shes gone into hospital to have her appendix taken out. 她已住院去切除阑尾。What beautiful curls why do you want to have them cut off? 你那鬈发多漂亮啊为什么要剪掉呢?注：有时指无意志的行为。如：He had his salary raised. 他加薪了。2. 表示经历或遭遇某情况。如：He had his finger cut. 他的手指弄伤了。I had my watch stolen yesterday. 我的表昨天被人偷去了。3. 表示主动地完成某动作或解决某事。如：Ive had all my mistakes corrected. 我已把所有的错误都改正过来了。You should understand the traffic rule by now. Youve had it explained often enough 到现在你应该理解这条交通规则了，已经给你解释得够多了。(2005天津卷)I have had everything prepared beforehand. 我已事先把一切都准备好了。Pauls mother had him adopted because she couldnt look after him herself. 保罗的母亲因为自己无力抚养他，便将他送给别人收养了。4. 表示容忍或允许做某事(用于否定句，尤与 wont, cant 等连用)。如：We wont