2018年中考英语真题分类汇编题型3阅读理解专项训练二教育故事含解析.docx

时间：810分钟/篇分值：2分/小题Passage 1(2018随州)Years ago, I lived in a building in a large city.The building next door was only a few feet away from mine.There was a woman who lived there, whom I had never met, yet I could see her seated by her window each afternoon, sewing or reading.After several months had gone by, I began to notice that her window was dirty.Everything was unclear through the dirty window.I would say to myself，“I wonder why that woman doesnt wash her window.It really looks terrible.”One bright morning I decided to clean my flat, including washing the window on the inside.Late in the afternoon when I finished the cleaning, I sat down by the window with a cup of coffee for a rest. What a surprise! The woman sitting by her window was clearly seen.Her window was clean!Then I began to understand it.I had been criticizing(批评)her dirty window，but all the time I was watching hers through my own dirty window.That was quite an important lesson for me.How often had I looked at and criticized others through the dirty window of my heart, through my own shortcomings(缺点)?From then on, whenever I want to judge(判断)someone, I ask myself first，“Am I looking at him through my own dirty window？” Then I try to clean the window of my own world so that I may see others world more clearly.()1. The writer couldnt see everything clearly through the window because_A. the womans window was dirtyB. his window was dirtyC. the woman lived far awayD. the writer was nearsighted(近视的)()2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Both the woman and the writer lived in a small town.B. The writer often cleaned the window.C. Both the woman and the writer worked as cleaners.D. The writer never met the woman.()3. From the passage, we can learn that_A. one shouldnt criticize others very oftenB. one should often keep his window cleanC. one should judge himself before he judges othersD. one should look at others through his dirty windowPassage 2(2018巴中)“Everything happens for the best.” Whenever I faced disappointment, my mother would say this to me.After I graduated from college in 2002, I decided to find a job in radio as a sports announcer(播音员). I went to Chicago and knocked at the door of every station. But unluckily, I was refused every time.At one station, a kind lady told me that big stations wouldnt hire(雇佣) an inexperienced person and suggested that I try my luck at smaller stations. Following her advice, I went back to Dixon. There were no radioannouncing jobs in Dixon, and my father said a newlyopened store wanted a local sportsman to work for it. I applied for(申请) the job, but I was refused again.“Everything happens for the best，”Mom reminded me. I tried WOC Radio in Davenport, Iowa. The program director, Peter, told me they had already hired an announcer.I left his office, and felt totally disappointed. While I was waiting for the elevator, I heard someone calling. It was Peter. “What do you know about sports? Do you know anything about football？” Then he asked me to broadcast(播报) an imaginary game. Pleased with my performance, he offered me a chance to work there.On my way home, I thought of my mothers words, “If you carry on, one day something good will happen. Something wouldnt have happened if not for that previous(先前的) disappointment.”()1. After graduating from college, the writer_A. found a job in a radio stationB. couldnt find a job as a sports announcerC. was already experienced()2. _ first offered the writer a chance to work as an announcer.A. A kind ladyB. A program directorC. Her mother()3. What can we learn from the passage?A. A kind lady offered the writer a job at first.B. The writers parents were disappointed at her.C. Big stations usually hire experienced people.()4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. The writer learned a lot from what her mother said.B. There was a radioannouncing job at college.C. The writer didnt want to be a sports announcer at all.()5. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Something happens because of the disappointment.B. You can find a job without any experience.C. Everything happens for the best. Passage 3(2018青岛)“I will think of it.” It is easy to say this, but do you know what great things have come from thinking? Sir Isaac Newton was sitting in his garden when he saw an apple fall from a tree. He began to think and tried to find out why the apple fell. Then he discovered how the sun, moon, and stars are kept in their places.A boy named James Watt sat quietly by the fire, watching the lid of the kettle move up and down. He wanted to find out why the steam in the kettle moved the lid. From that time he went on thinking and thinking. And when he became a man, he improved the steam engine(蒸汽机) so much that it could easily do the work of many horses. James Ferguson was a poor boy. Once, seeing the inside of a watch, he wondered. “Why should I not make a watch？” But how could he get the materials to make the mainspring(钟表的主发条)? He soon found he could make it with whalebone(鲸骨). He then made a wooden clock which kept good time. His motto(座右铭) was “I will think of it.” And he made his thoughts useful to himself and the world. Boys and girls, when you have a difficult lesson to learn, dont lose heart, and dont ask someone for help before helping yourselves. Think, and by thinking you will learn how to think to some purpose.()1.From the passage, we know that some great things come from _A. listeningB. readingC. speakingD. thinking()2.The idea of Isaac Newtons discovery was from _A. the falling of an apple B. the cleaning of a gardenC. the falling of a tree D. the moving of a lid()3.The achievement of James Watt was that he _A. kept thinking B. found the steam in the kettleC. improved the steam engine much D. watched the lid move up and down ()4.The right order of the following sentences is _ James Ferguson made a wooden clock. James Ferguson saw the inside of a watch. James Ferguson made the mainspring with whalebone.A. B. C. D. ()5.What is the main idea of the passage? A. Learn to ask for help.B. A difficult lesson to learn.C. It is easy to say “I will think of it.”D. Think, and by thinking you will learn how to think to some purpose. Passage 4(2018东营)A gentleman once advertised(登广告) for a boy to help him in his office, and nearly fifty persons asked for the place. Out of the whole number he in a short time chose one, and sent all the other boys away.“I should like to know，” said a friend，“on what ground you chose that boy. He didnt even have a recommendation(推荐信) with him.”“You are mistaken，” said the gentleman，“he had a great many：“He made his shoes clean when he came in, and closed the door after him; showing that he was orderly(井然有序的)“He gave his seat to the disabled old man; showing that he was _“He took off his cap when he came in, and answered my questions quickly and respectfully(恭敬地); showing that he was polite.“He lifted up the book which I had purposely(故意地)laid on the floor, and put it on the table, while all the others stepped over it or pushed it aside; showing that he was careful.“And he waited quietly for his turn, instead of pushing the others aside; showing that he was modest(谦逊的)“When I talked with him, I noticed that his clothes were carefully brushed, his hair in nice order, and his teeth as white as milk. When he wrote his name, I noticed that his fingernails were clean; instead of having some untidy personal habits.“Dont you call these things letters of recommendation? I do; and the things that I can discover a boy by using my eyes for ten minutes, is worth more than all the fine letters that he can bring.”()1. Choose the right word to complete the sentence in paragraph 5 according to the context(上下文)A. kind B. smart C. lovely D. healthy()2. How did the gentleman know the boy was polite?A. He made his shoes clean when he came in.B. He took off his cap when he came in.C. He waited quietly for his turn.D. His teeth and fingernails were clean.()3. The gentleman laid the book on the floor because_A. he used to be like thisB. he wanted to know who was orderlyC. he tried to know who had tidy personal habitsD. he wanted to test the people who asked for the job()4. How many reasons made the gentleman choose that boy?A. Five. B. Six. C. Seven. D. Eight.()5. What can you learn from this passage?A. The gentleman is a wise man.B. All gentlemen can choose the right person by using their eyes.C. Good behaviors(行为) and good habits are important for a person.D. One should pay more attention to his recommendation than to his behaviors.Passage 5(2018怀化) In 1959, when Jean Harper was in the third grade, her teacher asked the class to write a report on what they wanted to be when they grew up. Jeans father was a crop duster(农作物喷粉作业) pilot on a farm, so Jean was very interested in planes and flying. She wrote about her dream to become an airline pilot.Her paper came back with an “F” on it. The teacher told her this was a “fairy tale(童话)，” and it wasnt a job for a woman.Jean experienced years of hurt and fear because of this discouragement(气馁) until she met her English teacher Mrs. Dorothy Slaton in senior high school.Mrs. Slaton said to Jeans class, “You have the abilities and talents. If you dont go after(追求) your dreams after you leave school, no one will do it for you.”Jean felt a rush of her old enthusiasm(热情), and with excitement, she told Mrs. Slaton all about her old dreams. The teacher said, “Then do it！”So Jean did. It took her 10 years of hard work. But in 1978, she became one of the first three women pilot trainers ever accepted by United Airlines(航空公司) and one of only 50 women airline pilot in the country at the time. Some years later, Jean Harper became a Boeing 737 captain(机长) for United Airline.()1. When Jean was young, her dream was _A. to be a crop duster pilotB. to fix planesC. to be an airline pilot()2. Jean spent_ years in becoming an airline pilot.A. fifteen B. thirteen C. ten()3. What did Mrs. Slaton mean when she talked to the class?A. Everyone should go after his or her dream.B. Everyone should have a dream after they leave school.C. Everyone should do good things to help peoples dreams.()4. What can we learn from this story?A. A woman can not be a pilot.B. If you have a dream, work hard for it.C. Jeans dream didnt come true at last. Passage 6(2018自贡)When I was about twelve years old, a girl in my class liked to point out my shortcomings. She said I was very thin; I wasnt good at math; I talked too much; I was too proud, and so on. At last, I became very angry. I ran to my father with tears in my eyes. He listened to me quietly, and asked, “Are those things true or not? Jane, didnt you ever think about what youre really like？” Then he added, “Well, you have that girls opinions. Make a list of everything she said and mark the points that are true.”I did as he told me. To my great surprise, I found out that about half the things were true. Some of them I couldnt change, like being very thin, but many I could and suddenly I wanted to change. For the first time I got a clear picture of myself. I brought the list back to Daddy, and he said, “Now you know better about yourself. But you have to learn to listen, not just close your ears angrily and feel hurt. When something said about you is true, youll find it will be of great help to you. Dont shut your ears. Listen to the truth and do what you know is the right thing to do.”Daddys advice has returned to me at many important moments. In my life, Ive never had a better piece of advice.()1. How old was Jane when a girl in her class pointed out her shortcomings?A. About 10. B. About 12. C. About 14. ()2. Which thing did Jane think she couldnt change?A. She was very thin.B. She wasnt good at math.C. She talked too much.()3. Who changed the writers opinion?A. Father. B. Mother. C. Sister.()4. What did Janes father really mean by saying “Make a list of everything.”？A. To listen to her classmates opinions.B. To find out what is right and what is wrong.C. To know herself better and improve herself.()5. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?A. My Father. B. The Best Advice. C. My Life. Passage 7(2018大连)At my primary school, I was one of the smartest kids there. I never studied, but always got perfect scores. I thought I was born clever. At least I believed so. I was also a_prodigy in music according to myself. I could sing better than almost everyone else in my school. I was pretty sure that once I got to sixth grade, everyone would be surprised by me.But actually, they werent.When I arrived at my new class, I couldnt wait to show everyone what I could do. However, there was always someone else who could do them better. My grades began to suffer. More talented(有天资的) girls often sang solo(独唱). I believed I wasnt smart. I believed I wasnt talented. I believed I was a failure.Over the next two years, I had to work very hard. Every prize for the singing competition was given to me for hard work and effort. Grades were still very low but improving little by little. I worked really hard. However, I was never the best at everything.I havent realized until recently that I really dont have to be the best at everything. I was too hard on myself. In fact, when I did badly in a test, my classmates never laughed at me.No one is perfect. There will probably always be someone better than me at something. Anyway, there are about seven billion people in this world. I will never be the number one at everything, and thats really okay.()1. What does “a prodigy” probably mean in English?A. A smart kid. B. A crazy fan.C. A common child. D. A lazy girl.()2. When the writer was at the new class, _A. she lost her interest in music B. she had difficulty in learningC. she surprised everyone in solos D. she got separated from friends()3. What happened to the writer during the next two years?A. She won many prizes without any effort.B. She found the best way to become perfect.C. She gave up trying because of the low scores.D. She failed to be perfect though she worked hard.()4. What has the writer realized recently?A. There is no success without effort.B. Being talented is the key to success.C. Dont expect too much of yourself.D. Its not necessary to care about the result.()5. Which would be the best title for this passage?A. When I wasnt perfect B. My past life as a young girlC. Hard work doesnt work D. What to do when youre not perfect专项训练二 教育故事Passage 1【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者一直批评别人的窗户脏，却没有意识到其实是自己的窗户脏了。文章告诉我们：不要随意地评判别人，要先审视自己。1. B 2. D 3. CPassage 2【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者大学毕业后因为没有工作经验，在找工作过程中屡屡受挫，后来在母亲的鼓励下终于找到了一份理想的工作。这个故事告诉我们：只要你坚持不懈，不轻言放弃，好运终将会与你相伴。1. B 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. CPassage 3【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要通过牛顿发现苹果落地的原因、瓦特改良蒸汽机和弗格森制作木头钟表的故事论证了思考对于我们发明创造的重要意义。1. D 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. DPassage 4【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位绅士从行为细节之处判断，并挑选出优秀的应聘者的故事。1. A 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. CPassage 5【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Jean Harper在英语老师的鼓励下，通过10年的努力奋斗终于实现了自己要成为飞行员的梦想。她的经历告诉我们：有梦想就要坚持，并努力为之奋斗。1. C【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：当Jean还小的时候，她的梦想是。由文章第二段最后一句“She wrote about her dream to become an airline pilot.”可知Jean的梦想是成为一名飞行员。故选C。2. C【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：Jean花费了年成为了一名航空公司飞行员。由文章第七段第二句“It took her 10 years of hard work.”可知经过10年的努力，Jean成为了一名飞行员。故选C。3. A【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：当Slaton老师对学生讲话时，她的意思是什么？由文章第五段最后一句“If you dont go after(追求) your dreams a