ARGUMENT写作经典句型总结.doc

我把所有句型按照自己的理解分成了13种，由于时间很紧，难免有不合理的地方，望大家谅解 ：）( 8 F9 W5 o: 3 O. s( la2 E( Y我写ARGUMENT所用的所有句型都是从这个东西里挑出来的) q* . x: F8 n) O, 4 J其实我觉得最好还是自己总结比较好，印象比较深一些* N8 v) h+ x0 u ?0 k+ W5 j9 $ L5 ?( N, B: t因为用别人的句子其实是每个人都按自己的理性的行为结果是集体的非理性呵呵7 k+ j2 I# w7 i% D4 ?8 ) ?2 f- D3 U容易出现拼写错误的词:Assumption, available, guarantee, account, possibility, moreover, ; m+ I/ f / U5 m S% H& R4 v6 # zy承接Therefore/thus/hence/so/consequently/clearly/moreover/besides R9 D$ c6 X! _. u7 引导结论conclude/claim/assert/propose $ l) M: A8 g0 s3 z显示,表明show/imply/prove/indicate/illustrate/demonstrate9 v2 o0 i 3 x( 3 L+ ) u7 z建议 recommend/suggest/advise 倡议advocateb5 4 B0 |$ i. S: # F预言,预计predict/project/forecast/expect) w* W& 4 B K9 7 B5 b) # v1 N7 N4 O5 r7 S8 n首段开头句型:8 X! ?- r: 2 F G1) In this editorial/argument, the author argues that _.The author also claim that _.To support these claims the author points out that _. The author also points out that _.2 . Z7 k 4 b) ?1 F* l& JJ8 c3 oy% Z9 h: v1 W2) This editorial/memo recommends that _.To support this recommendation, the author points out that _.the author also points out that _ ,and that _.Finally, the manager cites that _.$ C; X& L- e, a& F; S/ S$ - W+ ?, q3 u& B$ N J- H/ L 首段结尾句型:3 T. 4 A/ p$ ( _) w$ g0 ; U) P, & P; x6 Y u$ v3) I find the editorial/argument logically unconvincing in several respects. /I find this argument specious on several grounds.( p ?- L5 J, n3 a. g* Z: A) $ g- T+ U: a# c4) However, the argument relies on a series of unsubstantiated assumptions, which render it unconvincing as it stands. /However, the argument/editorial relies on a number of doubtful assumptions and is therefore unconvincing. ! j7 N* K8 CL7 M9 v0 K/ * G6 6 b$ t& Z# B. N5) This argument depends on several unsubstantiated assumptions and is therefore unpersuasive as it stands.! 3 E2 G- u lz$ e3 J) V6 S* X: n0 3 Z; g6) This argument is problematic /flawed in several critical respects.9 R% z0 A9 A3 g6 % N0 * |) r$ r4 X$ ) r7) A careful analysis of the study reveals several problems with the editorials argument.1 / x- R# W0 n# r7 p3 |4 Q! p5 c1 S0 m/ u$ W2 P8) The study suffers from certain statistical and other problems, which render the conclusion based upon it unpersuasive.( Z( ; x; _8 ?! k4 h. y I5 s% K+ f9) As discussed below, the argument suffers from several critical flaws and is therefore unpersuasive as it stands.$ _6 d8 g9 8 o* ! G. b4 n2 g7 p- W5 L& * 5 q% v10) However, careful scrutiny of the evidence reveals that it accomplishes little toward supporting the directors claim, as discussed below. W$ M6 O, _* z2 t4 A9 ; K3 h8 C) e$ f/ F7 g/ # X11) However, close scrutiny of the managers argument reveals several unproven assumptions, which render it unconvincing.& n8 k# Q, n. |- . y. v2 Y. e( H4 K+ h r0 u; s2 M12) The argument suffers from several logical flaws and is therefore unconvincing as it stands.6 r# F2 T S D; a. T% U T( d8 P: ir3 a3 P. 0 B13) As discussed below, the argument suffers from several critical flaws and is therefore unpersuasive.2 s& c+ s3 , t( ?+ M3 g& L+ H1 hd+ a/ p+ 1 J4 I) Y调查,统计的准确性:. O3 q7 ?1 I1 H+ _3 j14) Many _ were actually excluded from the survey.6 e/ C2 eB) R0 Qe o% w8 F1 E* F; d lc T15) The result of the survey lacks validity/credibility/reliability and therefore could not lend strong support to the arguers claim/propose.1 V # _% b* 5 k& d+ V/ L J) g6 r! T k16) The result of the survey lacks validity/credibility because/as the sample is too limited.* ; w) k |- - T5 i1 q ! n; N5 ( B. H/ p17) The survey does not provide complete information concerning the effect _, K) 0 j: Ri3 B 5 2 B# a% N* ?5 i/ g; L! 18) The number reported _ does not necessarily reflect the number actually _& % H) V5 a% |4 w$ K* B4 Y8 7 B- Y19) The statistics comparing _ might be distorted in one or more respects! K8 u6 y6 % ( r, 6 u / N( w9 8 J/ H% N20) These statistics were based only on data from _.1 K% p7 y# f- i& Q6 m) ?- W0 O; o( C7 j2 q, H7 ! Q: E21) The cited statistics about _ might be unreliable in other respects as well. 9 k9 F! o7 p- P0 V! 2 K+ V5 y5 f% w; R22) It is unfair to conclude from one survey suggesting that _0 j6 Q/ C9 i2 Z# d, R$ w7 h% u3 z% X4 Z3 - B: 23) Moreover, a single survey taken just prior to _ is sustainable.% 2 , E( z RB3 D6 oV0 y; b+ B. ) t Q24) Although the number of _ is relatively high, the per _(capita) number might be relatively low.- g7 p4 t0 c. f: X+ S) : : R6 5 x, U xy: d% A与B之间的关系(主要是因果关系):3 U2 H: u) C9 U; y; ?25) A bears some relation to B./(Establish) a casual relationship between A and B 6 ?! G( E% w/ Bv9 d+ L! 4 H8 4 E( k4 F* P26) No evidence was given to substantiate the claim that A contribute to B& o6 i7 u7 G) Q F5 _ G+ ! L7 o# k$ R4 b5 a27) The fact that A does not necessarily follow that B- _% i% n0 w3 k0 z n2 n! G0 K) j: 4 j! m+ w0 j28) The mere fact that A proves nothing about B.C9 Q# T9 ; C( X( O?# ew* V o6 L: J U( D% Q29) The inference rests on the assumption (A) that B is unconvincing.B, b z# Y$ T- I4 l9 F7 x: c8 B+ x8 h/ t# J3 wA与B 的进行比较(类比,类推)的问题:& r8 ?, q$ m* B6 + s# f S. w30) Are the two towns/companies comparable at every aspect?& l/ 5 b. J, P9 L0 i?. |% |9 n! W8 B, Y31) The comparison between A and B is incomplete, hence/consequently we can hardly evaluate that _ k* L. # E: Y6 |; T6 x$ m: J4 E8 Y: S1 32) The argument is unconvincing because it is based on a false analogy.2 x k8 ?1 G( ! r4 U7 X- n# i6 A3 f# V 33) Without showing that all other conditions in the two areas have been essentially the same, the author cannot convince me that _5 5 A$ N( 9 E( c% ?8 P. W: . D8 Z5 F A5 P作者忽视其他原因的问题:- V1 X LMi# 7 L( t% ( M( L4 34) The arguer ignores other possible factors that may also leads/contribute to_. Perhaps _ Or perhaps _ More over, perhaps _j. j D6 y9 _& a0 h. 1 t+ h. k& T U35) There is a good chance that _/It is entirely/highly possible that_ + 9 a# Q p # X( v. O/ g: B, q2 N! n& _36) The arguer fails to take into account / rule out the possibility $ t/ i% k; g& a$ C5 that _, thus/hence/therefore we can not evaluate the overall effect of _+ Sb1 M3 p+ p. C; n: Q; F2 X3 p$ I6 x O: z0 d( T37) The author overlooks the possibility that (only a small portion of )_( A9 v* Q: W F! Q, y1 j J, O$ , v/ q# 38) The author also ignores the possibility that _. _; D& $ b- y# Y$ m. r- c. f# e4 R* A; J作者偷换概念,错误等同的问题:1 q- E6 m5 H2 s& s& c39) The arguer does not differentiate between _ and _ S& C r7 + # B# I4 D: Z; / s6 u k作者提供信息不完全,或所给论据不支持论点的问题:9 . s x, ) ; e; |1 a$ h Z+ t3 x40) The arguer does not provide/offer any information concerning the _./No information concerning _ is provided. S2 M, S, I9 M3 n- Q, p( l2 t b41) However, this evidence provides little credible support for the arguments/editorials conclusion/assertion.* V+ T W + L. h, v: N0 v* y I# , h5 ?/ Aa42) The evidence involving _ does not adequately show that _8 ( e+ h3 Q+ o6 q6 bD, E: w r: f9 # $ Y43) A reduction/increase in the A rate does not necessarily indicate a reduction/increase in overall A rate.3 h9 j# y7 j5 U# W- F S5 h& U. U- u) Ri_6 L( s44) For the majority of _ it is probably more important to _.Thus, I cannot accept the authors sweeping recommendation for all _3 I/ ; . X8 % K8 f6 g6 y. Q, s* w6 f* 作者假设前提谬误问题:1 b1 B$ ?; T- S5 d; u J! s45) The assumption that _ is unfounded/unwarranted/suspicious/unreliable/unconvincing/groundless/suspect able. ; D& A3 o/ v, y7 U) F: S/ Z- I8 W( ? u, f# 46) No evidence could indicate that _1 I# w2 g! & O g2 J, F% j6 e# R# l& p: T+ S$ d/ / N47) The author unfairly/fallaciously/falsely assumes that _, U+ z+ * |( l; |- c8 V4 t8 S/ q7 g$ m8 ! T. e48) The number of _(physicians) does not necessarily indicate the quality of _(health care)/leads to the result that_. ; N) m/ T7 ?/ M4 F# Y$ O* x6 _# Z X6 x* N* t( T0 f, r& _49) Credibility of the evidence and feasibility of the conclusion is open to doubt; U. W) Y C p* S. o2 VF5 Z y0 i50) The authors assumption that _ is unsupported.8 v: B4 q8 c! h8 X k+ f0 ) u作让步假设,推出谬误类句型:4 A b! K: K L6 h9 Y9 M3 o51) Granted that A /even is A is true, there is no guarantee that/it does not necessarily follow that _. /Even though, it is true that _0 H8 L2 J0 T2 Z7 f5 + K& . % X. , d0 5 W- B( x- 52) Even if A was responsible for B, the editorials claim that _ is unwarranted. M) S: t7 ?: A) z s, u7 & 9 P$ g. E1 , r7 ?. g& R0 53) Even assuming _, the author unfairly infers that _. M+ R( 6 C8 I5 Q6 u8 R6 : _( F4 o$ E其他论述段结尾句: l4 h3 r3 s% J54) In short, without ruling out other possible explanations for the difference between _/(scenarios), the author cannot safely/reasonably conclude that/(reasonably rely on these statistics to support the claim that) _% w d( B, U& q0 Y, n6 X7 z$ + K# J; 0 y. n B, b0 P55) In short, without evidence that all other conditions that might affect _, the authors claim that _ is dubious at best.& V# K* y: e( n& n7 & Y! K9 t& u6 x, v1 z N/ e$ L总结,结论用语:; C& v# |; 1 |, K3 56) In the absence of/Lacking data concerning that total amount of _, the credibility of the result of the survey is skeptical /unfounded/groundless/open to doubt.1 f% P$ G# l# 2 X 0 E) 3 8 M8 A+ A: X2 ) B. y& B57) Unless the arguer can provide substantial/valid/solid/concrete evidence concerning _, the conclusion can not be properly/safely drawn,8 c* l4 E$ A+ _! ) h: y. u+ x% X: V0 / C h6 U- P- I5 K58) In sum, the authors evidence accomplishes little toward supporting the authors argument for _8 y( R! i/ T1 K# W+ a6 F8 F! 7 T& K# Z59) To evaluate the conclusion more efficiently/to make the conclusion more convincing/to justify this claim, the author must provide supporting evidence.$ n9 CO5 J+ x/ q( _ s( Cd; D1 _/ B# _60) In short, without evidence that all other conditions that might affect _, the authors claim that _ is dubious at best.4 w2 a+ I1 ( y# Q& n. e* Z0 v, W0 C2 M61) In sum, the editorial relies on a series of dubious assumptions, which render it wholly unpersuasive.6 m% ?- N- G0 P ! 8 m W4 _7 O: b. q5 s! H62) To strengthen it(the argument) the author must sh