2018_2019学年高考英语一轮复习Art讲义新人教版.docx

Unit 1 Art一、刷黑板.阅读词汇(英译汉)第一屏听写1abstract adj.抽象的；深奥的n. 摘要2sculpture n. 雕塑3gallery n. 美术陈列室；画廊4conventional adj. 常规的；传统的；因循守旧的5ridiculous adj. 荒谬的；可笑的6controversial adj. 争论的；争议的 第二屏听写7aggressive adj. 敢作敢为的；侵略的；好斗的8delicate adj. 脆弱的；容易生病的；精致的9fragile adj. 精细的；易碎的；脆弱的10fragrant adj. 香的；令人愉快的11contemporary adj. 当代的；同时代的12permanent adj. 永久的；持久的13consequently adv. 所以；因而14masterpiece n. 杰作；名著 第三屏听写.高频词汇(汉译英)1faith n信任；信心；信念2faithfully adv. 忠实地3aim n. 目标；目的vi.&vt. 瞄准；(向某方向)努力4typical adj. 典型的；有代表性的5evident adj. 明显的；明白的 第四屏听写6adopt vt.采用；采纳；收养7possess vt. 拥有；具有；支配8possession n. (尤作复数)所有；财产9superb adj. 卓越的；杰出的；极好的10technique n. 技术；方法；技能11shadow n. 阴影；影子 第五屏听写12attempt n努力；尝试；企图vt. 尝试；企图13predict vt. 预言；预告；预测14figure n. 画像；身材；数字15allergic adj. 过敏性的；过敏的16exhibition n. 展览；陈列；展览会17flesh n. 肉；肌肉；肉体 第六屏听写18preference n喜爱；偏爱19appeal vi. 有感染力；呼吁；求助vt. 将上诉n. 呼吁；恳求20reputation n. 名声；名誉21civilization n. 文明；文化；文明社会22visual adj. 视觉的；看得见的 第七屏听写23district n 区；区域；行政区24committee n. 委员会25signature n. 署名；签字26specific adj. 确切的；特定的27scholar n. 学者28avenue n. 林荫道；道路；大街 第八屏听写29bunch n束；串30coincidence n. 巧合(的事)；(事情、口味、故事等)相合31by_coincidence 巧合地32a_great_deal 大量33on_the_other_hand (可是)另一方面34in_the_flesh 活着的；本人35appeal_to (对某人)有吸引力； (使某人)感兴趣二、刷清单(一)核心单词阅读单词1.sculpture n雕塑2gallery n. 美术陈列室；画廊3conventional adj. 常规的；传统的；因循守旧的4aggressive adj. 敢作敢为的；侵略的；好斗的5.contemporary adj. 当代的；同时代的6controversial adj. 争论的；争议的7ridiculous adj. 荒谬的；可笑的8abstract adj. 抽象的；深奥的n. 摘要9.fragile adj. 精细的；易碎的；脆弱的10fragrant adj. 香的；令人愉快的11permanent adj. 永久的；持久的12delicate adj. 脆弱的；容易生病的；精致的表达单词1.appeal vi.有感染力；呼吁；求助vt. 将上诉n. 呼吁；恳求2visual adj. 视觉的；看得见的3attempt n. 努力；尝试；企图v. 尝试；企图4figure n. 画像；身材；数字5shadow n. 阴影；影子6district n. 区；区域；行政区7scholar n. 学者8flesh n. 肉；肌肉；肉体9avenue n. 林荫道；道路；大街10reputation n. 名声；名誉11superb adj. 卓越的；杰出的；极好的12specific adj. 确切的；特定的语境活用1He passed the exam at the first attempt (尝试), which delighted his parents a lot.2(2016浙江高考单选)In this article, you need to back up general statements with specific (具体的) examples.3(2015福建高考单选)I wonder how Mary has kept her figure (身材) after all these years.By working out every day.4Meanwhile, I appeal (呼吁) to the whole society to respect cleaners labor, and to the government to improve their working and living conditions.5The waters are crystal clear and offer a superb (极好的) opportunity for swimming.拓展单词1.faith n信任；信心；信念faithful adj.忠实的；守信faithfully adv.忠实地2typical adj.典型的；有代表性的type n类型；典型 v打字typist n打字员3evident adj.明显的；明白的evidence n证据；证明；明显4adopt vt.采用；采纳；收养adopted adj.被收养的；被采用的adoption n收养；采用5possess vt.拥有；具有；支配possession n所有；财产6technique n技术；方法；技能technical adj.技术的；工艺的7coincidence n巧合(的事)；(事情、口味、故事等)相合coincident adj.同时发生的8predict vt.预言；预告；预测prediction n预言predictor n预言者9aim n目标；目的vi.& vt.瞄准；(向某方向)努力aimless adj.没有目标的；无目的的aimlessly adv.漫无目的地10exhibition n展览；陈列；展览会exhibit v展览；展出；开展览会11preference n喜爱；偏爱prefer v喜爱；偏爱12civilization n文明；文化；文明社会 civilize v使文明；使开化；使教化civilized adj.文明的；有礼貌的语境活用1I was walking aimlessly in the street when I came across John, who led an aimless sort of life without any aim. (aim)2Mr.White is the adopted son of Mrs. Green, who adopted him when his parents died 20 years ago. Thanks to her adoption,_Mr. White could receive a good education and became an engineer. (adopt)3I have faith in him because he has served us faithfully for many years, and I think he is a faithful and honest friend.(faith)4With his business going on well, he at first possessed big houses, cars, and later he took possession of stocks of different companies. Then, he found that everything he had dreamed of was in his possession. (possess)5From the look on Marys face, it was evident that theyve found no evidence so far who had stolen the computers in the office.(evident)(二)常用短语写准记牢语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)1.lead_to导致2appeal_to (对某人)有吸引力；(使)某人感兴趣；呼吁3scores_of 大量；许多4a_great_deal 大量；非常5by_coincidence 巧合地6concentrate_on 全神贯注于7on_the_other_hand (可是)另一方面8depend/rely_on 依靠；依赖1.On the one hand, the project can help protect our environment; on_the_other_hand,_it can also bring us great benefit. 2By_coincidence,_he met one of his friends when he was on business in Shanghai.3What is known to us is that its humans activity that leads_to global warming.4It was up to him to concentrate_on his studies.(三)经典句式原句背诵句式解构佳句仿写1.Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.没有新的颜料和新的(绘画)手法，我们就不能看到很多使这一时期著名的杰作。without引导的含蓄条件句。没有你的帮助，我考试可能会不及格。Without your help, I_would_have_failed_in_the_examination.2.Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris.在那些突破传统画法的画家中有印象派画家，他们在巴黎生活和工作。表示方位的介词短语位于句首时句子用全部倒装。我注意到，体育馆门前站着很多手拿鲜花的学生，他们在等待贵宾的到来。I noticed that in front of the stadium stood_many_students holding flowers waiting for the arrival of the honored guests.3.Henry Clay Frick, a rich New Yorker, died in 1919, leaving his house, furniture and art collection to the American people.亨利克莱弗里克是纽约的一位富豪，于1919年去世，把他的房子、家具和艺术收藏品全部留给了美国人民。现在分词短语作结果状语，常位于句首或句尾。据报道大雨使得河水冲破堤岸，冲走了大桥。It is reported that the heavy rainfall caused rivers to break their banks, washing_away_bridges.一、过重点单词1faith n信任；信心；信念；承诺教材原句Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people.人们的生活方式和信仰影响了艺术。(1)have/lose faith in对有/失去信心keep/break faith with 信守/违背对的承诺(2)faithful adj. 忠实的；守信的faithfully adv. 忠实地；诚心诚意地多角练透同义替换If we are confident in (have_faith_in) ourselves, nothing can defeat us.单句语法填空History is the best teacher. It faithfully (faith) records the development path of each country and foretells the future to us.Besides, it is also very important that friends should be faithful (faith) to each other.I have lost faith in that company, but I kept faith with the manager.2aim n目标；目的vi.& vt.瞄准；对准；旨在；(向某方向)努力教材原句During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes.在中世纪，画家的主要任务是把宗教的主题表现出来。(1)achieve ones aim达到某人的目的；实现某人的目标take aim at 向瞄准without aim 漫无目的地 with the aim of 以为目标；意在/旨在(2)aim at/for 针对；瞄准；目的在于aim sth.at sb./sth. 用某物朝向/瞄准某人或某物aim to do sth. 意欲/企图/旨在做某事意欲/企图/旨在做某事(3)aimless adj. 无目的的aimlessly adv. 无目的地多角练透单句语法填空I am writing to sincerely invite you to join the table tennis team in our school aimed at developing (develop) our interests and improving our skills.(2017全国卷书面表达)In the newspaper of our school there is a column called “Foreign Cultures”， aiming to_introduce (introduce) American customs and the life of high school students.(2015全国卷书面表达)I am here with the aim of doing as well as possible.单句改错There was a time when he had nothing to do, wandering aimless in the street all the day. aimlessaimlessly句式升级This activity is aimed at improving the students ability of listening and speaking, which is very popular.Aimed_at_improving_the_students_ability of listening and speaking, this activity is very popular.(用过去分词作状语改写)3adopt vt.采用；采纳；收养教材原句People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life.人们开始对生活采取更加人文主义的态度而较少关注宗教。(1)adopt . as .收养/挑选为(2)adoption n. 收养；采纳；通过(3)an adopted son/daughter 养子/养女；义子/义女多角练透同义替换In the face of great pressure, I think, we should take (adopt) an optimistic attitude.单句语法填空She was adopted as a little baby, thus she had no affection for her natural parents. Many animal welfare organizations provide care and adoption (adopt) services for homeless animals.Parents who have an adopted (adopt) child want to know whether they should tell the child he or she is adopted.名师指津注意：adopt与adapt在拼写上只有一个字母之差，但在意义上却大相径庭。后者意为“(使)适应；改编”。4possess vt.(不用于进行时)拥有；具有；支配教材原句Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses.富人们想拥有自己的艺术品，以便他们能装饰自己的高级宫殿和豪宅。(1)be possessed of具有(某品质、能力等)(2)possession n. (常作复数)所有；财产be in possession of 占有；拥有；持有be in sb.s possessionbe in the possession of sb. 为某人所有；在某人的控制下get/take/gain/have possession of拥有；占有多角练透同义替换Whenever your emotion is out of control, just keep in mind that only by owning (possessing) a good state of mind can you attain success.单句语法填空As the saying goes, “A true friend is the best possession (possess)”Although he doesnt possess much money, he is possessed (possess) of good health.单句改错With the development of peoples living conditions, more and more people possess of their own cars.去掉第二个of一句多译尽管穿得很破，但这个老人拥有一家大公司。Though dressed poorly, the old man is in_possession_of_a_large_company.Though dressed poorly, the old man gets/takes/gains/has_possession_of_a_large_company.Though the old man dresses himself poorly, a large company is_in_the_possession_of_him.名师指津in possession of 表主动，意为“拥有；占有；持有”，主语通常为表示人的词语；in the possession of 表被动，意为“被占有”，主语通常为表示物的词语。5attempt n努力；尝试；企图vt.尝试；企图高考佳句To get admitted, I have made good preparations beforehand, attempting to know as much as I could about my city, Tianjin.(2017天津高考书面表达)为了被选中，我在此之前做了充分的准备，努力深入了解我的城市天津。(1)attempt/try/intend to do sth. 努力/企图做某事(2)make an attempt to do/at doing sth.试图做某事at the first/second . attempt 第一/二次尝试多角练透单句语法填空He attempted to_compete (compete) for the position of chairman of the Students Union.It is said that Australian scientists are making fresh attempts at explaining (explain) climate change.Personally speaking, parents are making an attempt to protect their kids by giving whatever they require.补全句子If you fail at_the_first_attempt,_there is no need to care about that.如果你第一次尝试失败的话，也没必要担心。6predict vt.预言；预告；预测教材原句Who can predict what painting styles there will be in the future?谁又能预测将来的绘画风格会是什么样子的呢？(1)predict sth./that . 预言；预测Its predicted that . 据预测/预报；人们预言/预测(2)prediction n. 预测；预言；预报；预告make a prediction for 对做出预言/预测多角练透单句语法填空I believe that predicting (predict) earthquakes will be a piece of cake in front of us mankind in the future.He was unwilling to make a prediction (predict) for the coming year.句型转换People predict that computers will replace books as the first source of information before long.It_is_predicted_that computers will replace books as the first source of information before long.7figure n画像；身材；体形；数字；图表；插图v.估计；计算；认为经典例句Every woman wants a slim figure nowadays, especially in China.如今，每个女性都想拥有一个苗条的身材，在中国尤其如此。一词多义写出下列句中figure的含义I figure that you know more about the MBA. 认为She does exercise every morning to keep her figure.身材；体形The Statue of Liberty standing on an island in New York Harbor is a figure of a woman.画像Our textbook has many figures to help explain the lessons.图表；插图It would be very nice if we had a true figure of how many people in this country havent got a job.数字归纳拓展(1)figure out理解；想出；计算出(2)keep ones figure 保持体形If you dont understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people until you figure_it_out.(2017北京高考单选)如果你不了解某个事物，你可以研究、学习、与其他人探讨，直到你把它弄清楚。.单句语法填空1He had the right to take possession (possess) of the house and farm after his father died.2They will start their project, aiming (aim) at helping the poor children to be educated in the west of China.3The scientists prediction (predict) is based on Darwins Theory of Evolution.4This cartoon attempts to_convey (convey) the message that everyone, as a member of society, we should care more about the elderly.5Celebrities and public figures (figure) support the event by making appearances on comic TV shows.6A certain man planted a rose and watered it faithfully (faith) and before it blossomed, he examined it.7To lower the housing price, several measures have_been_adopted (adopt) in the last two years.8With the star coming in, the fans stormed up, asking him to sign in their shirt, and they would keep the shirt with signature (sign) all their life.9Successful students use different techniques (technical) to study, which brings them more success.10All the scientific evidence (evident) shows that increasing use of chemicals in farming is damaging our health.单句改错1For a child, wild animals are a thing of wonder, and as we grow older, we hope to see them in flesh.flesh前加the2All attempts control the spread of the disease have failed because of the bad weather in that area.attempts后加to3We appreciate your apologies and goodwill, but we hope that you can figure a good way of settling the matter.figure后加out4The man unfolded the paper and glanced at it, but his thoughts were evident elsewhere.evidentevidently5Here is a more specifically example to show how it works.specificallyspecific6People develop a preference for a particular style of learning at an early age and these preference affect learning.第二个preferencepreferences7A exhibition of peasant paintings from Longmen was put on in Huizhou a few days ago.AAn8The art gallery is full of a variety of art works so that it appeals visitors from all over the world.appeals后加to.根据提示词补全句子1众所周知，我们国家拥有丰富的资源。(possess)As is known to us all, our country possesses/is_possessed_of rich resources.2关心别人胜过关心自己是他的特点。(typical)Its_typical_of_him to care more about others than himself.3显然，成功的人是那些行动的人。(evident)It_is_evident_that successful people are those who act.4我们学校将举办一项旨在帮助学生抵制网瘾的活动。(aim)Our school will hold an event aimed_at_helping_students_fight_against the Internet addiction.5几百年来，人类一直尝试发展更快、更经济的旅行方式。(attempt)For hundreds of years, humans have_attempted_to_develop means for faster, more economical travel.6由于采取了新方法，他们钻研了很长时间的问题终于解决了。(adopt)With new_methods_adopted,_the problem that they had worked on for a long time was eventually worked out.二、过短语、句式1on the other hand (可是)另一方面教材原句On the other hand, some paintings of modern art are so realistic that they look like photographs.而另一方面，有些现代派的艺术作品却是那么写实，看上去就像是照片。(1)on the one hand .; on the other hand .一方面；另一方面(却)(2)for one thing .; for another . 首先；其次/一则；二则(3)first(ly) .; second(ly) .第一；第二题点全练补全句子On the one hand, I can earn some money to reduce the burden of my family. On_the_other_hand,_I can accumulate some social experience, which does good to my future life.一方面，我可以挣钱来减轻我家的负担。另一方面，我可以积累社会经验，这对我将来的生活也有好处。For one thing, I can help take care of the children. For_another,_I can improve my English, make more friends, and enrich my life during the summer vacation.一则，我可以帮助看孩子；二则，我能提高我的英语、交更多的朋友并丰富我在暑假期间的生活。Firstly,_they_are_not_efficient;_secondly, they are expensive to make.第一，它们效率不高；第二，它们的制作成本很高。名师指津on the one hand中的the可以省略，而on the other hand中的the不能省略。另外，on the other hand可以单独使用。2appeal to (对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣；(向某人)呼吁教材原句It will appeal to those who love Impressionist and PostImpressionist paintings.展览将吸引印象派和后印象派作品的爱好者。(1)appeal to sb. for sth.为向某人呼吁或请求appeal to sb. to do sth. 恳求/呼吁某人做某事(2)make an appeal to sb. for sth. 为向某人呼吁或请求make an appeal to sb. to do sth. 呼吁/恳求某人做某事多角练透单句语法填空We should appeal to people to_save (save) things that nature offers to us as well.We made an appeal to the villagers for money to build the bridge.单句改错The Students Union make appeal to us students to do housework in our spare time.appeal前加an一句多译作者向我们呼吁要对动物更加友好。The author appeals_to_us_to be kinder to animals.(appeal v)The author makes_an_appeal_to_us_to be kinder to animals.(appeal n)3“介词短语系动词主语”的倒装句式Among_the_painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were_the_Impressionists,_who lived and worked in Paris.在那些突破传统画法的画家中有印象派画家，他们在巴黎生活和工作。全部倒装句式的用法为：(1)here, there, now, then等副词放在句首时，句子用全部倒装，谓语动词常用come, go, be, lie, run等。(2)表示方位的副词或介词短语置于句首时，句子要全部倒装，句子中谓语动词是come, go等表示运动的动词。Present at the evening party was_our_English_teacher yesterday.昨天出席晚会的有我们的英语老师。Into the complete silence of the waiting class came (come) the teachers sweet voice, “Good morning, children.” 在全班同学静静地等待中传来了老师甜甜的嗓音：“孩子们，早上好。”How can I live my dreams in a short time?Be practical. Between you and your dreams stands (stand) a lot of hard work.我怎么能在短时间内实现我的梦想？ 实际一些。你和你的梦想之间还有大量艰苦工作。.根据语境选用合适的短语填空1In modern times, dancing appeals_to different people for different reasons.2It was only by_coincidence that I saw the injured child on my way home, so I called 120 at once.3A large number of people have_a_preference_for bottled water, because they feel that tap water may not be safe.4Besides, we should sort out the rubbish, hoping that we might recycle some, which will surely benefit us a_great_deal.5On the one hand, we think that friendship comes first, and match comes second. On_the_other_hand,_since we all tried our best, we had no regret.根据提示词和相关要求补全句子1政府呼吁人们减少塑料袋的使用，以保护我们的环境。(appeal)The government appeals_to_people_for_reducing_the_use_of_plastic_bags in order to protect our environment. 2没有良好的教育就没有先进的科学技术。(without引导的含蓄条件句)Without_excellent_education_there_wou