2019年高考英语语法填空题型一3词性转换名词形容词和副词和比较等级精选题.docx

词性转换（名词、形容词和副词）和比较等级A(2018浙江卷)Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook.Making Chinese _1_ (dish) is seen as especially troublesome.Many westerners _2_ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap _3_ can be to eat out.I still remember _4_ (visit) a friend whod lived here for five years and I _5_ (shock) when I learnt she hadnt cooked once in all that time.While regularly eating out seems to _6_ (become) common for many young people in recent years，its not without a cost.The obvious one is money；eating out once or twice a week may be _7_ (afford) but doing this most days adds up.There could be an even _8_ (high) cost on your health.Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in _9_ (weigh) problems.If you are not going to suffer this problem，then I suggest that the next time you go to your mums home _10_ dinner，get a few cooking tips from her.Cooking food can be fun.You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.答案：【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。作者发现了一件让自己惊讶的事情：来到中国的西方人几乎自己不做饭，而且越来越多的年轻人自己也不做饭。1dishes解析：句意：做中国菜被认为是一件特别麻烦的事。考查可数名词复数。dish是可数名词，要用其复数形式。2who/that解析：句意：很多来到中国的西方人自己做饭的次数大大少于他们在自己国家做饭的次数。_2_come to China是定语从句，修饰先行词westerners，定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词表示“人”，所以要用关系代词who/that引导。3it解析：句意：一旦他们意识到在外面吃饭有多么便宜。考查it的用法。空格处是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语to eat out，所以答案为it。4visiting解析：句意：我仍然记得去拜访过一位在这里生活了五年的朋友。考查非谓语动词。空格处是非谓语动词作宾语，根据语境可知此处表达“记得做过某事”，应该用remember doing sth.，所以答案为visiting。5was shocked解析：句意：当我得知她那五年自己一次饭也没有做过时，我感到震惊。考查时态、语态和主谓一致。空格处是句子的谓语，shock与主语I为被动关系，且根据learnt可知为一般过去时的被动语态，故答案为was shocked。6have become解析：句意：尽管近年来经常在外面吃饭好像对很多年轻人来说已经是一件很平常的事了。考查非谓语动词。seem to do sth.好像做某事。根据语境和句子中的时间状语in recent years可知，此处应该用不定式的完成时，表示动作已经完成，所以答案为have become。7affordable解析：句意：每周在外面吃饭一两次是可以负担得起的。考查形容词。空格处在句中作表语，表示主语的特征，要用afford的形容词形式，所以答案为affordable(负担得起的)。8higher解析：句意：这么做可能还会让你付出更高的健康代价。考查形容词比较级。根据even可知此处应该用比较级形式，故填higher。9weight解析：考查名词。空格处修饰后面的名词，weight problems体重问题。10for解析：句意：下一次去你妈妈那儿吃饭的时候，从她那儿学习一些做饭方面的建议。考查介词的用法。根据语境可知空格处表达“为了吃饭”。应该用介词for表示目的。B(2018山东淄博一模)British Prime Minister Theresa Mary May paid an _1_ (office)visit to China from Jan. 31 to Feb. 2. She said in her_2_(speak) on Jan. 31, “With the building of the global comprehensive strategic partnership towards the 21st century between China and the UK, the relationship has _3_(deep)by peopletopeople and cultural exchanges between the two countries.”In exchanges between China and the UK, British tea has become a cultural part that has to be mentioned. Tea, _4_ the important goods of the ancient Maritime Silk Road, was once an important carrier of SinoBritish trade relations, and has existed for thousands of years. Through business and trade _5_ has covered more than 10,000 kilometers and 100 years，Chinese tea has officially entered every corner of Europe. The UK, however, is the European country most _6_(affect) by tea culture.The popularity of teadrinking in Britain was first limited to the royal family. Later, when expensive _7_(tea) were sold in certain cafes, women were initially not allowed to enter. It wasnt _8_ 1706 that Thomas Twining founded the worlds first dry tea and coffee shop in London. The tea shop quickly became a favorite place for London women. _9_(strong) promoted by those fashionable women, _10_(taste) tea gradually became popular among the upper class of Britain. In the eyes of people who love tea culture all over the world, Twinings tea has become a representative of British tea.答案：【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国茶文化的发展历史。1official解析：句意：英国首相特蕾莎玛丽梅从1月31日至2月2日对中国进行了正式访问。设空处作名词visit的定语，由此可推知设空处需用形容词形式。official为形容词，意为“官方的，正式的”。2speech解析：句意：在1月31日的演讲中，她说：“随着中英两国面向21世纪全球全面战略合作伙伴关系的构建，通过两国间的人际和文化交流，这种关系得到了加强。”设空处作介词in的宾语，意为“演讲”，故填名词speech。3deepened/been deepened解析：设空处为谓语动词，根据设空处前的has可知设空处应与has一起构成现在完成时形式；deepen可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词，意为“加深，加强”。由此可知设空处填deepened或been deepened。4as解析：句意：作为古代海上丝绸之路的重要商品，茶叶曾经是中英贸易关系的重要载体，到现在已经存在数千年了。根据设空处后的名词goods可知设空处应为介词，意为“作为”，故填as。5that/which解析：句意：通过覆盖1万多公里、历经100多年的商贸活动，中国的茶叶已经正式进入欧洲的每个角落。介词短语“Through business and trade 5has covered more than 10,000 kilometers and 100 years”作状语；其中“5 has covered more than 10,000 kilometers and 100 years”为限制性定语从句，先行词为business and trade；将先行词代入定语从句后可知关系词在定语从句中作主语，且指“事物”，故填that或which。6affected解析：句意：然而英国是受茶文化影响最大的欧洲国家。考查非谓语动词作定语。被修饰词country与affect为逻辑上的被动关系，故填过去分词affected。7teas解析：句意：后来，当昂贵的茶叶在某些咖啡馆出售时，起初女性是不允许进入的。考查主谓一致。根据谓语动词were可知主语需用名词复数形式，故填teas。8until解析：句意：直到1706年，托马斯川宁才在伦敦创立了世界第一家干茶和咖啡馆。not.until是固定用法，所以设空处填until。9Strongly解析：句意：在那些时尚女性的强力推动下，品茶在英国上层社会越来越流行。设空处作状语，表示promoted的程度，故填副词strongly。10tasting解析：设空处作主语，意为“品(茶)”，故用非谓语动词形式；设空处并不表示具体某一次的行为，因此用动名词作主语。综上所述设空处填tasting。C(2018河北唐山五校4月联考)Smartphones are an _1_(importance) part of everyday life for most teens today. But are teens addicted to their phones? One out of every two teens in the US and Japan feel they are, according to _2_ recent study.The study _3_(base) on an April 2017 survey of 1,200 parents and teens. Its the first such study in Japan, _4_ 90 percent of parents and teens own smartphones. Its also the first _5_(compare) those results with _6_(exist) US data from Common Sense Media about digital media use among families in North America.Most parents surveyed said _7_ believed their teens were addicted to mobile devices. Many of the _8_ (adult) said they also felt addicted to their own phones.Willow Bay, dean of the USC Annenberg in Los Angeles, said，“These shifts are happening _9_(fast) and more dramatically than any change _10_ recent history.”答案：【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了一项对家长和孩子沉迷于手机这一社会现象的研究结果。1important解析：句意：如今对大多数青少年来说，智能手机是他们日常生活中很重要的一部分。设空处作名词part的定语，表示“重要的”，故填形容词important。2a解析：句意：最近的一项研究表明，在美国和日本每两名青少年中就有一名这样认为。根据设空处后的名词study及设空处位置可判断设空处考查冠词。名词study在本句中表示泛指，且recent以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。3is based解析：句意：该研究是根据2017年4月对1 200名父母和青少年所作的调查进行的。设空处作谓语，主语The study与base为被动关系，需用被动语态，故填is based。4where解析：句意：这是第一次在日本进行这样的研究，在日本父母和青少年中90%都有智能手机。本句中既无并列连词又无从属连词，由此可判断本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为Japan，将先行词代入定语从句后为：90 percent of parents and teens own smartphones in Japan.由此可见先行词在定语从句中与介词in一起作地点状语，故填关系副词where。5to compare解析：“the序数词”(可理解为“序数词名词”，名词被省略)作表语且序数词与作定语的非谓语动词为逻辑上的主动关系时，需用不定式作定语，故填to compare。6existing解析：由空后的date可知此处需用形容词existing作定语。7they解析：句意：大多数被调查的家长说他们认为他们的孩子都对移动设备上瘾。设空处作宾语从句的主语且指代主句主语Most parents，故填代词they。8adults解析：句意：这些成人中的许多人说他们也对自己的手机上瘾。根据本句中的they可推知设空处需用名词复数，故填adults。9faster解析：根据本句中的than及more dramatically可知设空处要填副词fast的比较级形式faster。10in解析：in recent history意为“在近代历史中”。D(2018浙江温州二模)A bobcat amazingly survived a 50mile journey while it was stuck in the grill(保护汽车散热器的金属格栅)of a Virginia womans car. The driver was heading _1_(work) at around 7 am. when she _2_(hear) a strange soundbut she didnt stop. An hour _3_(late), she pulled into Virginia University and spotted the _4_(frighten) cat in the grill, according to the local station.Peter, a worker from Richmond Animal Care, rushed to _5_ scene and was astonished to find the animal in good shape.“The cat was _6_ (complete) fine. Its unbelievable, ” he told the station.“The only thing holding it up was a wire around its stomach and one plastic piece under its chest.”The cat hissed(发出嘶嘶声) at Peter, so he calmed it and removed it _7_ the car. Then he and other _8_ (colleague) transported it to the animal center, _9_ it was examined for injury.“The lucky cat suffered only one minor cut on _10_ (it) back and it was just wonderful to know the cat made it through such a crazy situation，”