动名词与动词不定式.doc

动名词与动词不定式 动名词：动名词是由动词原形+ing构成，同现在分词形式一样，在句中可作主语，宾语，表语和定语。 1)动名词作主语： Talkinglikethatisnotpolite.那样谈话不礼貌。 Learningfromothersisimportant. 向别人学习很重要。 Puttingonmoreclothesisnotsogood. 多穿衣服不一定好。 动名词可以象动词不定式一样，用it先行祠代替，而把动名词写在后面。 Itsnousewaitinghere,letsgohome. 在这儿等着也没用，我们回家吧。 Itsverydifficultclimbingthismountain. 爬这座山很困难。2)动名词作表语 Thenursesjobislookingafterthepatients. 护士的工作是护理病人。 Seeingisbelieving. 眼见为实。 3)动名词作宾语 有些动词须用动名词来作宾语,它们是begin,mind,suggest,finish,stop,need,enjoy,miss,keep. Pleasestopsmokinginthehouse.请不要在家里抽烟。 Ilikereadingintheforest.我喜欢在树林里读书。 Doyoumindmyopeningthewindows? 你介意我打开窗户吗？ Sheisfoundofcollectingstamp. 她喜欢集邮。 4)动名词作定语 Sheisstudyinginthereadingroom.她在阅览室学习。 Hesleptinthesleepingbag. 他在睡袋里睡觉。 动名词的否定形式：not+动名词 Hepretendnotknowingitatall. 他假装全然不知。 Weconsiderednotdoingitnow. 我们考虑现在不做这件事。 动名词的时态： 1）动名词的一般形式：表示动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生，或在谓语动词的动作之后发生。 Ienjoyswimminginthebigriver. 我喜欢在大河里游泳。 IamusedtowatchingTVintheevening. 我习惯于晚上看电视。 2）动名词的完成时：动名词的完成时表示动作在谓语动词动作之前发生。 Sheregretnothavingstudiedthecomputerhard. 她后悔没有努力学习计算机。 Doyourememberhavingpromisedmethat? 你记得给我许愿了吗？ 3）动名词的被动形式： 当动名词和它的逻辑主语是被动关系时，用动名词的被动形式来表示。 Hisbeinglookeddownuponmadehimsick. 他被人冷落使他很伤感。 Icantreallystandbeingtreatedlikethat. 我简直受不了这样的对待。 动名词的几个特殊情况： 1)有些动词的后面能跟动名词做宾语，有些动词能跟不定式，有些两者都可以，它们的具体含义有时还不一样。 能跟动名词的动词有： avoid,consider,delay,deny,dislike,endure,enjoy,escape,forgive,finish,imagine,keep,mind,miss,pardon,prevent,resist,suggest,understand,canthelp,等。 能跟不定式的动词有： decide,desire,expect,hope,mean,pretend,promise,refuse,undertake,want,wish,agree,manage, 能跟动名词和不定式的动词有： love,like,hate,prefer,dislike,begin,continue,intend,attempt,propose,want,need,remember,forget,regret,try,deserve,start, 动词后面跟动名词还是不定式，含义不相同，总的来说，表示习惯的，一般性的动作多跟动名词，一次性的具体的被动动作多跟不定式。 Iliketogowithyou.我想和你一块儿去。 Ilikereading. 我喜欢阅读。 Hepromisedtohelpher.他答应过要帮助她。 WelovewatchingVCD. 我们喜欢看VCD。 2)remember,forget,regret后面跟动名词时，动名词表示过去的动作，后面跟不定式时，不定式表示将来的动作。 Iremembermeetinghiminthestreet.我记得在街上见过他。 Iremembertowritealettertomyparents. 我想起来要给我父母亲写信。 3)stop+动名词表示停止动名词所表示的动作，stop+不定式表示停下来做不定式所表示的动作。 Stopsmoking,please.请不要抽烟。 Letsstoptohavearest. 咱们停下来休息一下吧。 4)动名词和分词的区别： 动名词作定语时，动名词和它所修饰的词没有逻辑上的主谓关系，而分词作定语时，分词和它所修饰的词有逻辑上的主谓关系。 readingtext阅读课文动名词 developingcountry发展中国家分词 asleepingbag睡袋动名词 boiledwater开水分词 课堂练习：一、用所给词的正确形式填空。1I like her，but I dont like_（she，sing） 2When did you go to Shanghai？ I remember_（take）there when I was a child 3Sorry，but Ill have to keep you waitingfor some time Thats all rightI dont mind _（keep）waiting 4Im sorry I missed_（see）you whileI was in Beijing last month 5She must be looking forward as much as I to_（see）him 6We should keep on_（practise，speak）English every day to improve our spoken English 7I feel like_（take）a long walkWould you like_（go）with me？ 8He was in low spirits and even considered_（go）away 9I could not imagine that_（be）possible 10Most people prefer_（spend）money to_（earn）it 11This problem demands_（look into） 12A child cant learn_（spell）without_（be）helped 13I know you will pardon_（I，say）so，but you keep_（give）us many words_（spell）in English 14I remember_（allow）them_（play）in my garden without first_（ask）for permission 15I should like him_（start）（take）more English lessons in the future 16On_（arrive）at the village he found four tractors working in the fields 17He is proud of_（his son，win）the Nobel Prize 18There is no_（know）what the weather will be like 19_（read）aloud in the reading room is a bad habit 20Its a waste of time_（argue）with him二、单选1The classroom needs _Aclean Bcleaned Cto cleanDcleaning 2My brother is here _ study EnglishAforBwith Cto Dby 3Im hungryGet me something _Aeat Bto eat CeatingDfor eating 4I havent got a chair _Ato sit Bfor me to sit on Cto sit onDfor sitting 5Ask him to go to the post office _ some stampsAto get Bfor getting Cin order he getsDwhat he gets 6She desires not _ for an hourAdisturbBto be disturb Cto be disturbedDto have disturbed 7The squirrel was lucky that it just missed _AcatchingBto be caught Cbeing caughtDcaught 8I cant imagine _ that with themAdo Bto do Cbeing doneDdoing 9After he had worked several hours, he stopped _ a cup of coffee to refresh himselfAto drinkBdrinking Cdrink Ddrank 10It is no good _ him to see you offAto expect Bexpecting Cof expectingDfor expecting 11Its getting very lateMaybe we shouldnt goNo, lets goGetting there late is better than _ at allAwe dont arriveBto arrive not Cnot to arrive Dnot arriving 12They failed to pass the exam last time；I regretted _ themAto be not able to helpBbeing unable to help Cbeing not able to helpDnot be able to help 13James liked fishing _Aand hunting had been enjoyed by himBand hunting was also enjoyed by him Cand hunting was also enjoyedDand he also enjoyed hunting 14We cant understand _ at the poor little match-girlAthey laugh Btheir laughing Cthem to laughDthem why laugh 15Only one of these books is _Aworth to read Bworth being read Cwroth of readingDworth reading 16He used to _ at sevenNow he has got used to _ at sixAget up；getting upBgetting up；get up Cget up；get upDgetting up；getting up 17Charles Babbage is generally considered _ the first computerAto have inventedBinventing Cto inventDhaving invented 18The girl is seriously illThere is _Anothing to do but send for a doctor Bsomething but to ask a doctor to come Cnothing to do but to send for a doctorDanything to do but sending for a doctor 19The rest of the money _ to AliceAis to send Bare to send Cis to be sentDare to be sent 20Although swimming is his favorite sport, yet he doesnt like _ todayAto swimBswimming Cswim Dto have swim 21_ the same mistakes again made his parents very angryAHis having madeBHe has made CHe had makingDHim making 22I find the man hard _Ato be pleasedBpleasing CpleasedDto please 23Bob didnt have the idea _ but he had to do with his classmatesAfor cleaning the classroomBin cleaning the classroom Cof cleaning the classroom Dto clean the classroom 24He insisted _ the working siteAto be sent to Bbeing sent to Con being sent toDthat to be sent to 25He is not sure which restaurant _Afor eatingBto eat Cto eat at Deating at 26During the next ten years, she had to work hard _ for the necklaceApayingBto pay Cfor payingDin order to paying 27Janet was angry at _Amy not waiting for herBI didnt waiting for her Cme not wait for her Dme to not wait for her 28He is illHe has kept _Acoughing all night longBto cough at night Ccough since yesterdayDbeing coughed day and night 29I prefer staying at home _ the theaterAto go to Bfor going to Cto going toDthan go to 30The teacher advised him _ by the difficulties that he met withAnot be discouragedBnot to be discouraged Cnot to discourage Ddid not get discouraged 31The patient doesnt like _ nowAate Beat CeatingDto eat 32Alice was sick _ such noiseAof hearingBto hear Cof being heardDheard 33I regret _ you that the sports meet has been put offAtellingBto tell Ctell Dtold 34The machine requires _