如何区别定语从句的关系词区别.doc

定语从句引导词的用法和区别1、区别that和where如何区别定语从句的关系词是使用that还是where。where和that引导限制性定语从句时，都常用来修饰表示地点的名词，但如果前面的名词是表示地点（定语从句中的动词动作所发生的地点）时，用where；如果该名词（先行词）作定语从句中动词的宾语时，则使用that。如： I know of a place where we can have fun. 我知道一个我们可以玩得开心的地方。(a place表示地点，作状语，即：we can have fun in some place) Is there a shop around where we can buy fruit? 附近有什么商店可以买到水果吗？(a shop就是地点，说明buy fruit的地方，作状语) He bought the factory that he visited last year. 他买下了他去年参观过的那家工厂。（the factory就是visited的宾语，表示参观的对象） 同时，where也可引导非限制性定语从句，而习惯上that则不能这样使用。如： They have gone to Beijing, where they will stay for a week. 他们到北京去了，将在那里待一周。where=in/ at/ on/ . which (介词同先行词搭配) . where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语用来表示地点的定语从句。 (1) Shanghai is the city where I was born. (2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.2、that 和which做定语从句区别问题：that 和which做定语从句连接词时用法有什么区别解答：【解析】that与which的用法区别两者都可指物，常可互换。其区别主要在于：1. 引导非限制性定语从句时，通常要用which：The current, which is very rapid, makes the river dangerous. 水流湍急，使这条河很危险。He has to work on Sundays, which he doesnt like. 他得在星期天工作，他是不喜欢这样的。The London team, which played so well last season, has done badly this season. 伦敦队上一个季度打得很好，这个季度却打得很差。2. 直接放在介词后作宾语时，通常要用which：She may be late, in which case we ought to wait for her. 她可能晚到，那样我们就要等等她。The documents for which they were searching have been recovered. 他们找寻的文件已找到了。This morning some port wine came, for which I have to thank you. 今天早上送来一些波尔图葡萄酒，为此我得向你道谢。注：有时“介词+which”引导的定语从句可以转换成“介词+which+不定式”结构：He had only the long nights in which he could study. =He had only the long nights in which to study. 他只有漫漫长夜可用来学习。He had a couple of revolvers with which he could defend himself.= He had a couple of revolvers with which to defend himself. 他只有一两把手枪用来自卫。3. 当先行词是下列不定代词或被它们修饰时much, little, none, all, few, every(thing), any(thing), no(thing) 等时，通常用that：All that she lacked was training. 她缺的只是训练。Have you everything that you need 你需要的东西都有了吗The sleeping mans subconscious mind retained everything that was said around him. 这位酣睡的人头脑的下意识能记住他周围的人说的话。She would never do anything that was not approved of by her parents. 她父母不赞同的事她绝不会做。4. 当先行词有the very, the only, the same 等修饰时，通常用that：This is the only example that I know. 我知道的例子只有这一个。Those are the very words that he used. 那是他的原话。5. 当先行词有形容词最高级或序数词(包括last, next等)等修饰时，通常用that：This is the best dictionary that Ive ever used. 这是我用过的最好的词典。The first thing that you should do is to work out a plan. 你应该做的第一件事是订个计划。6. 当关系代词在定语从句中用作表语时，通常用that：China is not the country (that) it was. 中国已不是过去的中国了。7. 当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时，通常用that：They talked about the persons and things that most impressed them. 他们谈论了使他们印象最深的人和事。8. 当要避免重复时：Which is the course that we are to take 我们选哪门课程3、定语从句中where和which的区别1.This is the factory_we visited yesterday. 2.This is the stable_Jesus Chirst was born.1,which 2.where分析：关键是看从句中的动词。如果是及物动词（顾名思义，就是必须要接物做宾语的动词，或能用做被动的动词），则表明从句缺宾语，修饰人用who/whom/that。修饰物用that/which. 如动词是不及物（顾名思义就是不需要接物做宾语的或要接宾语时前面必须要加介词的，即用介宾的动词），则说明从句不缺宾语，可能是状语(或介宾）。表地点用where.时间用when.如题1：从句的动词是visit，我们说参观某个地方说：visit some place。而不说visit in the place所以visit是及物动词。所以缺宾语，修饰物故用which. 如题2，我们说出生于某地用be born in，如：i was born in beijing 而不说i was born beijing.故说明born 后不直接跟宾语，应用介宾，或关系副词（where/when)所以此处填in which 也是正确的。所以在平时的练习中应注意动词的及物于不及物性1这是解决这类题的关键之一。 扩展练习：1.These are the days _ I spent with my mom. (when） 2. These are the times _ I experienced .（which）英语 定语从句 that ,where ,which 的区别例如：(1) I love places _ the people are really fridendy A.that B.which C.where D.who (2) This is the place _ I have ever visited there B.whom C.he D.which(3) .This is the house _ I want to buyA. In which B.that C.what D.that(4) this is the museum _ we visited last yearA. where B. in which C.which D.in that1. C 2.D 也可以是that 3.B/D，也可以不填。4.Cwhere关系副词，在定语从句中作地点状语。that 和which是关系代词，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时也可以省略。第1题中，places是人们友好的地点，所以指代place的where在从句中作地点状语。第2题中，the place是visit的对象，谓语动词的对象是宾语。所以指代the place应当是that/which，that/which也可以省略。第3题中，the house是buy的对象，所以