定语从句知识总结与归纳.doc

定语从句知识总结与归纳（一）结构 限定性定语从句：先行词+关系词+定语从句 非限定性定语从句：先行词，关系词+定语从句（二）关系词 关系代词：that；who；which；whose关系副词：when；where；why w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m说明 先行词的内容指：人；关系代词用：that；who先行词指：物，用关系代词：which；whose表示：先行词和从句中的第一个词为从属关系，表示的；that；who；which在定语从句中做主语或宾语；关系副词：when；where；why在定语从句中做时间，地点，原因状语；表示：“在那时”；“在那里”和“为什么”The bright star which is shining just above the roof is called Sirius.The people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned in history book at all.We saw a church among the trees, whose tower（the tower of which）was clear against the blue sky.She adopted a child whose parents are dead.He came at six, when I am usually in the garden.Would you please give us a reason why you are late for class ?关系词前面可以带有介词、限定词，结构为：限定词（Both；Many；All等）of which / whom介词（in；on；at；for等）+which / whom He felt that his pupils, most of whom lived in the towns, should get to know the wonders of the countryside.This is the road by which we came.（三）先行词指“物”时，关系代词只能用that不能用which的情况，先行词的特点是：1. 先行词有形容词最高级或序数词修饰2. 先行词是不定代词3. 先行词有only；any；few；little；no；none；all；very 等词修饰4. 先行词既有“人”也有“物”You should hand in all that you have.The only thing that we can do is to wait patiently.This is the last train that goes to Beijing.（四）way 后面的定语从句：the way + in which / that /省略定语从句I dont understand the way in which / that / they worked out this problem.（五）as 引导的定语从句，句型：1. such 先行词as +定语从句：像一样之类的2. the same 先行词as 定语从句：和一样的3. as 定语从句，主句：正如一样He is not the same as he was.We have found such materials as are used in their factory.As is expected, he has been absent.She has read widely in Romantic literature, as appears from her essay.（六）定语从句中的谓语动词与先行词的形式一致。1. one of名词复数关系代词复数动词2. the only of 名词复数关系代词单数动词The Great Wall is one of the world-famous buildings that draw lots of visitors.The Great Wall is the only one of the buildings on the earth that is seen from the moon.考试指导（1）考查要点：关系代词关系副词；考查形式单项选择；短文改错。（2）考查难点：在定语从句中加入插入语；把先行词与定语从句分割开。（3）思路：单选在理解句子意思的基础上，分清句子结构，弄清先行词和定语从句；观察从句中所有的成分主语；宾语；状语（时间；地点；原因）改错常在定语从句部分的关系词处设错（关系代词关系副词的误用；非限定性定语从句用that引导；从句中多余代词）。同时注意根据句意和结构区分定语从句，名词从句和强调句型。【典型例题】一. 单项选择：1. Dolly was always speaking highly of her role in the play _, of course, made the others unhappy.A. who B. which C. this D. what分析：B 去掉插入语of course，后面是定语从句修饰前文描述的整个事情。2. The film brought the hours back to me _ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.A. until B. that C. when D. where分析：C 先行词the hours与定语从句被back to me隔开（为保持句子平衡）；the hours在从句中做时间状语。3. The Beatles, _ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Live