山东省德州市2019届高三英语下学期第一次练习试卷（含解析）.docx

山东省德州市2019届高三英语下学期第一次练习试卷（含解析）本试卷分第卷（选择题）和第卷（非选择题）两部分。注意事项：1. 答第卷前考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。3. 全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在试卷上无效。第卷（满分100分）第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What is the local time right now?A. 7:5. B. 9:5. C. 11:5.2. What was the weather like during the speakers holiday?A. Snowy. B. Rainy. C. Sunny.3. What are the two speakers talking about?A. The noise upstairs. B. A big bird. C. A noisy plane.4. Why does the man advise the woman to go to the museum?A. She can get a city map there.B. It is more interesting than Fort Mason.C. He doesnt know where it is.5. What is the girl worried about?A. Being apart with Mother.B. Moving to a new city.C. Changing her job.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6，7题。6. What does the woman want to do?A. Borrow the mans car.B. Have a careful haircut.C. Use the mans phone.7. Where is the womans car now?A. Near her office. B. In front of her house. C. Near the barbers.听第7段材料，回答第8，9题。8. How does the woman get her songs now?A. Buying CDs.B. Buying them online.C. Buying them from musicians.9. What music does the man like best?A. Jazz. B. Hip-pop. C. Rock.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. Why is the womans plan canceled?A. She dislikes the plan.B. She has to work.C. Her friend is busy.11. What is La La Land according to the woman?A. It is a dance music. B. It is a musical. C. It is an action film.12. What does the man suggest to the woman?A. Watching the film Road One.B. Having a birthday party.C. Going to the movies with Ray.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. What is the relationship between the two speakers?A. Boss and employee.B. Teacher and student.C. Doctor and patient.14. What might cause the womans problem?A. Working stress.B. Lack of sleeping.C. Worries about her husband.15. Where does the womans husband work?A. In a tech company. B. In a university. C. In a hospital.16. What does the woman agree to do finally?A. Take more exercise.B. Reduce her working hours.C. See a doctor at once.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What is the man explaining first about his course?A. The examination. B. The teacher. C. The schedule.18. How often will it be given for the first half of the course?A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Every other day.19. Where can students get their textbooks?A. Online. B. In the bookstore. C. In the teachers office.20. What is emphasized about the grade of the course?A. It is only determined by the final examination.B. It is given on the course outline.C. It involves exams, classroom tests and research work.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。AGreen Booka touching story of friendship against all oddsNeed a warm break from cold Oscar films? Try “Green Book”, a film that leaves you feeling good instead of like a disaster victim. The lighthearted drama, about a road trip by two menone white, one blackis absolutely optimistic.The movie, set in 1962, is based on the true story of two New Yorkers. Tony Lip is a bodyguard from Italy, where hes famed for his ability to silence fights. Don Shirley, a black pianist, asked him to be his driver on a performance tour to the Deep South of America, where racism was most serious then.Lip is fine behind the wheel, but whats more useful to his passenger is his talent for ending conflicts with his fists. Cities such as Birmingham, Ala., and Macon, were dangerous during the era of the early 60s. The book of the films title is “The Negro Motorist Green-Book”, which helped black travelers find safe accommodations.In the film, the ups and downs of their journey are told with the changing settings. They start out in Pittsburgh and Cleveland, in nice hotel rooms and at fascinating parties. Its when they reach Louisville, Ky., that the first “Colored Only” hotel sign appears, and the attitudes turn hateful, even for the Italian. Anyway, a partnership is born during the trip: Shirley tickles the keys while Lip strikes the thugs(暴徒).The loving screenplay of “Green Book”written by Lips son, Nick Vallelonga, and directed by Peter Farrelly doesnt shy away from Lips casual racism. Yet for all his kindness toward Shirley, Lip had a long way to go when it came to tolerance.“Green Book” could be accused by some critics of the story not being true. But the actors honest chemistry takes Farrellys movie to the next level. This small tale of American goodness deserves your full attention.1. What was “Green Book” originally in the 1960s?A. A documentary recording the life of the blacks.B. A guidebook for African-American road trippers.C. A book teaching the blacks to to be tolerant.D. A story about a black and a white on a tour.2. What does “tickles the keys” suggest about Shirley in Para 3?A. He performs in his tour.B. He helps Lip to give the thugs a beat.C. He gets used to Lips behaviors.D. He drives the car.3. Who does the author think highly of in the end?A. The author of the film.B. Green Book in the 1960s.C. The critics.D. The film actors.【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电影Green Book。它是一部感人的友谊故事。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中The book of the films title is “The Negro Motorist Green-Book”, which helped black travelers find safe accommodations.可知，20世纪60年代的“Green Book”最初是“一本非洲裔美国人公路旅行指南。”故选B。【2题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三的的Shirley, a black pianist, asked him to be his driver on a performance tour to the Deep South of America, where racism was most serious then.可知，雪莉是一个黑人钢琴家，在美国南部巡演，因此推断第四段中的Anyway, a partnership is born during the trip: Shirley tickles the keys while Lip strikes the thugs(暴徒).“至少，在旅途中，一种伙伴关系诞生了：雪莉在旅行中表演，而Lip打暴徒。”可知，“tickles the keys”的意思是“他在旅行中表演。”故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中But the actors honest chemistry takes Farrellys movie to the next level. This small tale of American goodness deserves your full attention.“但演员们诚实的心理变化将Farrelly的电影推向了一个新的高度。这个关于美国人善良的小故事值得你全力关注。”可知，作者最后对“电影演员”评价很高。故选D。BAcross Europe, where visitors can outnumber residents in the summer months, the complaints have started. Last week, in Barcelona, an open-top bus was spray-painted across its windscreen with the words “Tourism Kills Neighbourhoods”. The message is clear: such cities are under pressure. In tourists and residents battle for shared spaces, local authorities are uncomfortably in the middle. The tourism is one of the largest employers in the world, with one new job created for every 30 new visitors to a destinationbut at what cost to locals quality of life?More people are travelling than ever before, and lower barriers to entry and falling costs mean they are doing so for shorter periods. The rise of “city breaks”48-hour bursts of foreign cultureshas increased tourist numbers. “Too many people do the same thing at the exact same time,” says Xavier Font, a professor at the University of Surrey, “For locals, the city no longer belongs to them.”Compounding the problem is Airbnb, which has made tourists more casual in their approach to international travel, but added to residents headaches. Those permanent citizens who share their apartment blocks with Airbnb hosts have lost their patience, “No longer do we have to share the streets with tourists, we have to share our own buildings!” To ease the congestion around the main attractions, many cities are taking immediate action. Venice is proposing a new concept of “ detourism”: sustainable travel tips and alternative routes for exploring a different Venice. A greater variety of guidance for future visitorsideas for what to do in off-peak seasons, for example, can guide them from overcrowded landmarks. Repeat visitors have a better sense of the culture and it is much easier to integrate their behaviour with residents of the cities.“But the locals should learn to take tourists as a part of urban life. Tourists do not have to be considered passive players, but rather as visitors with rights and duties,” says Font, “Everyone has a part to play in promoting that change.”4. What problem do the local authorities often have in a tourist city?A. The challenge creating more business for local people.B. The conflict taking place among tourists from different countries.C. The dilemma between tourism and living quality of the locals.D. The competitions among the most popular attractions.5. Why do the local residents reject “city break” according to Paragraph Two?A. Too many visitors have damaged the quality of life.B. The locals fail to benefit from the city break economically.C. The local authorities lack adequate operation guidance.D. They are reluctant to share anything with coming tourists.6. What is Airbnb most probably?A. A new travelling map with more street information.B. A solution by Font to improve the local living quality.C. A small town having the same complaints about tourism.D. A website to help travellers find a homestay.7. Under the concept of Detourism, which of the following should be encouraged?A. Developing a city break during on-seasons.B. Shifting visitors from busy attractions.C. Attracting more first-time visitors.D. Taking tourism as a passive part of urban life.【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B【解析】本文是一篇议论文。在整个欧洲，游客数量在夏季可能超过居民数量，投诉已经开始。在旅游城市，地方当局经常遇到旅游业与当地人生活质量之间的矛盾， 文章鼓励将游客从繁忙的景点转移。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中The message is clear: such cities are under pressure. In tourists and residents battle for shared spaces, local authorities are uncomfortably in the middle.“信息很清楚：这些城市正面临压力。在游客和居民争夺共享空间的斗争中，地方当局不舒服地处于中间位置。”可知，在旅游城市，地方当局经常遇到“旅游业与当地居民生活质量的两难困境。”故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“For locals, the city no longer belongs to them.”可知，根据第二段，“太多的游客破坏了生活质量。”所以当地居民拒绝“city break”。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段第一句Compounding the problem is Airbnb, which has made tourists more casual in their approach to international travel, but added to residents headaches.“雪上加霜的是Airbnb，它让游客在国际旅行中更加随意，但也让居民更加头疼。”可知，Airbnb最可能是“一个帮助旅行者找到寄宿家庭的网站。”故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的句子Venice is proposing a new concept of “ detourism”: sustainable travel tips and alternative routes for exploring a different Venice. A greater variety of guidance for future visitorsideas for what to do in off-peak seasons, for example, can guide them from overcrowded landmarks.“威尼斯提出了一个新的“detourism”概念:可持续的旅游贴士和探索不同威尼斯的替代路线。为未来游客提供更多的指导例如，在淡季该做些什么可以引导他们远离拥挤的地标。”可知，在detourism新概念指导下，应该鼓励“从繁忙的景点转移游客。”故选B。CThe world is a greener place than it was 20 years ago. A study published in the journal “Nature Sustainability” said that recent satellite data reveals a greening pattern that is strikingly prominent in China and India. The study shows that human activity in China and India dominates this greening of the planet, thanks to tree planting and agriculture. The effect comes mostly from ambitious tree-planting programs in China and intensive agriculture in both countries.“China and India account for one-third of the greening, ” said lead author Chi Chen of Boston University. “ That is a surprising finding, considering the vague idea of land degradation (毁坏) in populous countries from overexploitation, ” added Chen.China alone accounts for 25 percent of the global net increase in leaf area with only 6.6 percent of global vegetated area. The greening in China is from forests (42 percent) and croplands (32 percent), but in India, it is mostly from croplands (82 percent) with minor contribution from forests (4.4 percent).Chinas outsized contribution to the global greening trend comes in large part from its programs to conserve and expand forests with the goal of preventing land degradation, air pollution, and climate change.“Once people realize there is a problem, they tend to fix it,” said Rama Nemani, research scientist and co-author of the study. “In the 1970s and 80s in India and China, the situation around vegetation loss was not good. In the 1990s, people realized it, and today things have improved. Now we see that humans are contributing.”Land area used to grow crops is comparable in China and Indiamore than 770, 000 square milesand has not changed much since the early 2000s. Yet these regions have greatly increased both their annual total green leaf area and their food production.This was achieved through multiple cropping practices, where a field is replanted to produce another harvest several times a year. Production of grains, vegetables, fruits and more have increased by about 35%40% since 2000 to feed their large populations.8. What did the study mainly find?A. India and China are leading the global greening effort.B. Intensive agriculture is the cause of global land degradation.C. China and India has got the largest forest coverage in the world.D. Agriculture is more helpful in expanding green areas than tree-planting.9. How is China different from India in contributing to the global greening?A. India reduced cropland to prevent the overexploitation.B. India increased forest by planting around croplands.C. China changed more lands into forest by planting trees.D. China controlled the increase of its population.10. What does Nemani think about humans in China and India in protecting the Earth?A. Ambitious.B. Responsible.C. Passionate .D. Tolerant.11. What does the passage finally suggest humans should make good use of?A. Forest.B. Trees.C. Cropland.D. Food【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. C【解析】【分析】本文是一项研究报告。研究报道，印度和中国正在引领全球的绿色行动。文章建议人类应该好好利用耕地。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中The study shows that human activity in China and India dominates this greening of the planet, thanks to tree planting and agriculture.可知，研究主要发现了“印度和中国正在引领全球的绿色行动。”故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中The greening in China is from forests (42 percent) and croplands (32 percent), but in India, it is mostly from croplands (82 percent) with minor contribution from forests (4.4 percent).可知，中国与印度在全球绿化方面的不同是“中国通过植树造林把更多的土地变成了森林。”故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中today things have improved. Now we see that humans are contributing.可知，Nemani认为中国和印度的人类保护地球是“负责任的”。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中This was achieved through multiple cropping practices, where a field is replanted to produce another harvest several times a year.可知，文章最后建议人类应该充分利用“农田”。故选C。【点睛】做推理判断题时，对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析，进一步增强理解能力，抓住材料实质性的东西。本题第3小题，根据第三段中The greening in China is from forests (42 percent) and croplands (32 percent), but in India, it is mostly from croplands (82 percent) with minor contribution from forests (4.4 percent).可知，中国与印度在全球绿化方面的不同是“中国通过植树造林把更多的土地变成了森林。”故选C。DMore than 40 percent of the species that help with pollination (植物传粉) are under threat due to the polluted environment. So some researchers have been searching for ways to protect the bees and other crucial pollinators while some engineers have thought perhaps an army of robotic pollinators could keep humans well-supplied in these foods. A team of researchers has recently designed a small drone capable of pollinating flowers. They tested their device on the large, pink flowers of lilies. And it worked.Exciting as this success was, it is only the first step. The team has yet to figure out how to apply the concept on the massive scale. Could a fleet of robo-pollinators replace the bees?“Although the answer isnt a straightforward no, it would be a challenging leap to go from this one little drone pollinating one large flower to an army of drones spreading across fields of crops,” says Scott Swinton, an agricultural economist at Michigan State University.“The successful pollination was fascinating,” Scott Swinton says, “but the device itself might damage the flowers. I wonder how you make sure youre not doing more harm than good to flowers when you have a drone.”“Furthermore,” he points out, “a lily is a particularly easy flower for a drone to pollinate. To make this more broadly applicable for smaller and more complex flower structures, the drones would need to be particularly agile.”Still, Joshua Campbell, an expert at the University of Florida, says “Pollination systems are extremely complex and will always require insects. There is no substitute for bees.”“As for the technology itself, it is a promising new development in existing drone technology,” he added. Yet he still sees some hurdles ahead before drones can be applied on a large scale.12. What makes those scientists invent pollinating drones?A. There are no satisfying pollinators.B. Humans need more food supplies.C. Pollinating species are being endangered.D. Drone technology is well-developed now.13. What problem does Scott think scientists have to solve for the robo-pollinators?A. Making them look like bees.B. Using them in quantity.C. Keeping them flying non-stop.D. Instructing them to tell plants.14. The underlined word “agile” in Para 5 can be replaced by “_”.A. cheapB. catchyC. lovelyD. smart15. Whats the best title for the passage?A. Will pollinating drones take over for honeybees?B. What is leading pollinating honeybees to decline?C. Why does pollinating need a money-saving option?D. How did researchers invent pollinating drones?【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇科普文章。超过40%的植物传粉物种由于污染环境正受到威胁。一些研究人员一直在寻找保护蜜蜂和其他重要传粉者的方法，而一些工程师则认为，或许一群机器人传粉者可以让这些食物中有充足的供应。一组研究人员最近设计了一种能够给花授粉的小型无人机。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段第一句More than 40 percent of the species that help with pollination (植物传粉) are under threat due to the polluted environment.可知，“传粉物种正濒临灭绝”让这些科学家发明了授粉无人机。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中The team has yet to figure out how to apply the concept