锡柴汽车厂液压综合试验台设计说明书[带图纸].doc -- 45 元

编号无锡太湖学院毕业设计（论文）题目锡柴汽车厂液压综合试验台设计信机系机械工程及自动化专业学号学生姓名指导教师（职称高级工程师）（职称）2013年5月25日I无锡太湖学院本科毕业设计诚信承诺书本人郑重声明所呈交的毕业设计锡柴汽车厂液压综合试验台设计是本人在导师的指导下独立进行研究所取得的成果，其内容除了在毕业设计（论文）中特别加以标注引用，表示致谢的内容外，本毕业设计（论文）不包含任何其他个人、集体已发表或撰写的成果作品。班级机械91学号0923010作者姓名2013年5月25日I摘要液压实验台是进行液压元件检测的关键设备，是集机、液、电为一体的现代化高技术设备。本文针对实验室和生产的需求，提出了设计题目。并对该机的机械系统、液压系统、控制系统进行了全面设计。液压系统设计中,首先分析液压实验台的工作过程，并在此基础上进行了液压系统原理图的设计，确定了液压系统的执行元件。计算了整个液压系统的流量,并根据流量和压力进行了液压阀的选型、油箱的设计和各个辅助元件的选择。计算了核个系统的的功率，据此选择了电动机的型号，最后绘制了液压泵站的装配图。由于传统液压实验台采用继电器等元件作为控制系统的控制元件，存在可靠性、灵活性差等缺点。文中通过实例说明利用PLC对其进行改造电气控制系统采用可编程控制器PLC作为整台机器的控制器，并对PLC的工作过程进行了介绍，对PLC及相关元件进行了选型，实现了整机的自动化。本设计己经应用于实际生产,取得了良好的效果。关键词液压实验台可编程控制器液压阀液压系统控制系统IIAbstracthehydraulicexperimentalstandisthecriticalequipmentoftestinghydraulicorgan,whichisamodernizetechniqueequipmentwhichcentralizesthemachinery,hydraulicandelectric.Aimingattherequirementoflaboratoryandproducing,theaulhorputsforwardthetopicanddevisesthehydraulicsystemandcontrollingsystemthoroughly.Intheprocessofthedeviceofhydraulicsystem,firstly,processofhydraulicexperimentalstandworkingwereanalyzed.Basedthis,theprincipleplotofhydraulicsystemwasdevisedfurthermore,theperformingelementsweredecided.Atthesametime,theauthorComputedthefluxofthewholesystem,Andthen,basedonthefluxandthepressure,theauthoraccomplishedthechoicesofvalves,thedesignofgasolinetankandthechoicesofassistantcomponents.Andthen,computedthepowerofthewholesystemandchosethemodelofelectromotor.Atlast，thecomponentplotofhydraulicstationdrawn.Thetraditionalhydraulicexperimentalstandusingrelaysascontrolelementsshowssomedisadvantagessuchaslowreliabilityandflexibility．ThispaperdiscussestheimproveddesignofhydraulicexperimentalstandbasedonPLC.ThecontrollingsystemadoptsthePLCasthecontrolleroftheentiremachine.ItintroducedtheworkingprocessofthePLC,chosethemodelofthePLCandrelatedelements.Atthesametime,Thisdesignhasalreadybeenappliedtopractice,andhasgainedaverygoodeffect.KeyWordshydraulicexperimentalstand,PLChydraulicpressurevalveshydraulicsystemcontrollingsystem目录摘要................................................................................................................................................IAbstract..........................................................................................................................................II目录...........................................................................................................................................III1绪论.............................................................................................................................................11.1概况和发展趋势...............................................................................................................11.1.1锡柴汽车厂简介.....................................................................................................11.1.2国内外自卸车的概况和发展趋势.........................................................................11.1.3液压检测技术的概况和发展趋势.........................................................................21.2课题的提出与意义...........................................................................................................21.3课题的主要内容...............................................................................................................42总体方案的确定.........................................................................................................................52.1设计依据...........................................................................................................................52.2确定液压系统方案...........................................................................................................62.3确定控制系统方案...........................................................................................................62.4确定外观及机械附件的设计方案...................................................................................62.5总体配置设计...................................................................................................................63液压系统的设计及其校核.........................................................................................................73.1液压系统的组成...............................................................................................................73.1.1能源装置.................................................................................................................73.1.2执行元件.................................................................................................................73.1.3调节控制元件.........................................................................................................73.1.4辅助元件.................................................................................................................73.2液压系统的主要优缺点...................................................................................................73.2.1液压传动的优点.....................................................................................................73.2.2液压传动的缺点.....................................................................................................83.3液压系统方案设计...........................................................................................................83.3.1液压系统原理图设计.............................................................................................83.3.2液压系统参数设计和液压件的选择...................................................................123.3.3液压辅助元件的设计与选择...............................................................................253.3.4液压元件的安装和键校核...................................................................................294机械附件设计...........................................................................................................................324.1自卸钢架的设计.............................................................................................................324.1.1方案的拟定...........................................................................................................324.1.2方案的确定及部件分析.......................................................................................344.2油箱的设计.....................................................................................................................35