2019届高考英语一轮复习第一部分教材课文要点Module3.doc

Module 3 Adventure in Literature and the Cinema主旨大意题之标题归纳题(阅读理解)方法指导在阅读理解中,确定文章标题时通常采用中心句法。通读文章找到文章的中心句,根据中心句的关键词锁定最佳标题。同时,确定最佳标题时还要注意下面两个问题:1)文章标题的确定要在原文的基础上,首先仔细考虑所要确定的标题与文章的中心思想是否有密切的关系;其次看它对文章的概括性或覆盖性如何;最后要注意题目是过大或过小。2)确定文章的标题要避免下列三种错误:(1) 概括不够,以部分代整体。(2) 过度概括,即选择的标题太过于笼统,从而无形中扩大了范围而导致不能对应材料的主旨大意。(3) 以事实、细节替代抽象的主旨大意。典例引领 (2016全国卷,D)The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙)with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a persons needs.Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patients silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing(治愈)value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.1.What does the author say about silence in conversations?A.It implies anger.B.It promotes friendship.C.It is culture-specific.D.It is content-based.2.Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?A.The Chinese.B.The French.C.The Mexicans.D.The Russians.3.What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?A.Let it continue as the patient pleases.B.Break it while treating patients.C.Evaluate its harm to patients.D.Make use of its healing effects.4.What may be the best title for the text?A.Sound and SilenceB.What It Means to Be SilentC.Silence to Native AmericansD.Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold方法运用 语篇解读本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了沉默在不同风俗中所表达的不同意义及其在医疗方面的作用。1.C推理判断题。根据文章前三段可知沉默在不同风俗中所表达的含义不同,由此可判断在谈话中的沉默是有风俗特性的,故选C项。2.A推理判断题。根据文章第二段可知正如一些传统的中国人和泰国人做的那样,许多印第安人重视沉默,认为沉默是交流的一个基本的部分。并且在这些风俗里,沉默是一个思考的需要。根据第二段的Chinese and Thai persons 可将B、C、D排除。3.D事实细节题。根据文章最后一段可知护士和其他护理人员要