2019届高考英语一轮复习第一部分教材课文要点ModuleTheGreatSportsPersonality语篇解题微技巧外研版必修.doc

Module 5The Great Sports Personality “跳读”查找关键词破解直接信息题方法指导直接细节理解题是高考英语阅读理解考查较多的一种题型,它要求考生对原文相关细节进行准确理解。破解该类题型比较有效的方法是通守“跳读”法在文章中查找题干中所含有的关键词,从而正确作答。典例引领 Suppose you become a leader in an organization. Its very likely that youll want to have volunteers to help with the organizations activities.To do so,it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work.Lets begin with the question of why people volunteer.Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved.For example,people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness,to expand their range of experiences,and to strengthen social relationships.If volunteer positions do not meet these needs,people may not wish to participate.To select volunteers,you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract.People also volunteer because they are required to do so.To increase levels of community service,some schools have launched compulsory volunteer programs.Unfortunately,these programs can shift peoples wish of participation from an internal factor(e.g.,“I volunteer because its important to me”)to an external factor(e.g.,“I volunteer because Im required to do so”).When that happens,people become less likely to volunteer in the future.People must be sensitive to this possibility when they make volunteer activities a must.Once people begin to volunteer,what leads them to remain in their positions over time?To answer this question,researchers have conducted follow-up studies in which they track volunteers over time.For instance,one study followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a year.One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions.Although this result may not surprise you,it leads to important practical advice.The researchers note that attention should be given to“training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience”.Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on individual differences in the degree to which people view“volunteer”as an important social role.It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be most likely to continue volunteer work.Participants indicated the degree to which the social role mattered by responding to statements such as“Volunteering in Hospital is an important part of who I am.”Consistent with the researchers expectations,they found a positive correlation(正相关)between the strength of role identity and the length of time people continued to volunteer.These results,once again,lead to concrete advice:“Once an individual begins volunteering,continued efforts might focus on developing a volunteer role identity.Items like T-shirts that allow volunteers to be recognized publicly for their contributions can help strengthen role identity”.1.People volunteer mainly out of.A.academic requirementsB.social expectationsC.financial rewardsD.internal needs2.What can we learn from the Florida study?A.Follow-up studies should last for one year.B.Volunteers should get mentally prepared.C.Strategy training is a must in research.D.Volunteers are provided with concrete advice.3.What is most likely to motivate volunteers to continue their work?A.Individual differences in role identity.B.Publicly identifiable volunteer T-shirts.C.Role identity as a volunteer.D.Practical advice from researchers.4.What is the best title of the passage?A.How to Get People to VolunteerB.How to Study Volunteer BehaviorsC.How to Keep Volunteers InterestD.How to Organize Volunteer Activities方法运用 语篇解读本文为说明文,题材为社会生活类,内容是分析影响志愿者参与志愿者活动并坚持下去的原因。1.D推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后一句To select volunteers,you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract.和第三段第三句.shift peoples wish of participation from an internal factor.to an external factor.可知,人们做志愿者主要是出于内在的动机,即内在(internal)需求,故选D项。2.B推理判断题。根据文章第四段最后一句.attention should be given to“training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience”.可知,志愿者“必须做好心理上的准备”,故选B项。3.C推理判断题。根据第五段第一句中people view“volunteer”as an important social role以及第二句中those people for whom the rol