高中英语Unit4Earthquakes单元质量评估新人教版.docx

单元质量评估(四)(时间：100分钟满分：120分)第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AOn 26th January，the biggest earthquake in India took the lives of 25，000 people.In the morning，when everybody was enjoying the holiday，the earthquake began.It was about 7.5 on the Ritcher scale.“There is nothing left between the sky and the earth any more.Everything has been pulled down.” said one of the villagers alive.“There is no water，no food and no one has come to help.”Nobody died in Pakistan，a country next to India.The city of Lahore was lucky.In Lahore American School，where I was studying，all of the students were safe.They were on the field，so most children didnt feel anything.The earthquake was felt by the teachers that were on the second floor.However，though Mrs Young was also on the second floor，she didnt feel anything.She didnt know what happened until a teacher told her about it.Those teachers who were on the other floors had different feelings.Mr Emond，the maths teacher from Australia，said that when the earthquake started he thought there was something wrong with him，but then another teacher said that it was an earthquake.Mrs Davis and Mr Frost didnt feel anything either.My mother didnt feel anything.She didnt even know that it was an earthquake till she saw a shaking light.My dad saw the computer shaking and then he looked out of the window and saw many people going out.【语篇解读】本文简单介绍了发生在印度的一次大地震。1The biggest earthquake in India happened on the_of January 26th.AnightBafternoonCnoon Dmorning解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“In the morning，when everybody was enjoying the holiday，the earthquake began.”可知这次地震发生在早晨。故选D。答案：D2People use “Riteher scale” to tell_Awhere the earthquake takes placeBhow serious the earthquake isCwhen the earthquake takes placeDhow long the earthquake lasts解析：推理判断题。根据“Ritcher scale”前面的数字7.5，可知人们用“Ritcher scale”来表示地震程度的大小。故选B。答案：B3We learn that _ from the sentence “There is nothing left between the sky and the earth any more.”AIndia is a large countryBthe Indian people had nothing after the earthquakeCthere is no tall buildings in IndiaDthe earthquake in India was serious解析：推理判断题。“There is nothing left between the sky and the earth any more.”这句话的意思是：在天空和地面之间没有什么东西留下了。再联系后一句“Everything has been pulled down.(一切事物都被摧毁了。)”，可知这次地震非常严重。故选D。答案：D4The city of Lahore is_Ain India Bin PakistanCin America Din Australia解析：细节理解题。根据第二段前两句“Nobody died in Pakistan，a country next to India.The city of Lahore was lucky.”可知这是一个巴基斯坦城市。故选B。答案：BBBuildings crashed to the ground in seconds.Thousands of people lost their lives in a flash.Since they were told an earthquake would hit Tokyo around September 16，Japanese people havent been able to get these thoughts out of their minds.They heard the news from Yoshio Kushida，a researcher who used radio waves to predict that an earthquake would strike with a magnitude(量级) of at least seven.“It would be terrible not to warn people of a possible disaster in case a quake actually occurs，”he said.His warning had a big effect.Frightened Tokyo people have been stocking up on water，food and candles in preparation for the terrible day.But Kushida hasnt had much support from the experts.At present，predicting earthquakes is thought to be impossible.No one can tell exactly where or when the next major earthquake will occur.An earthquake begins tens of miles below the earths surface：its too faraway to see.Ancient Chinese and Italian scientists forecast earthquakes by special “earthquake clouds”They found that a week before an earthquake，there were often strange cloudsshaped like snakes，waves or feathersin the sky.They thought the clouds might come from a gas produced underground by an earthquake.People also used to watch animals to see if earthquakes were coming.When they saw birds fly away suddenly，dogs barking violently or fish jumping out of the water，they told people to leave the areASome scientists believed animals had a sharper sense of changes taking place underground.But the ancient methods were not reliable enough.Nowadays，scientists use special instruments to predict earthquakes more precisely(精确地)Satellite systems are very useful：they record small changes in the earths magnetic fields(磁场) which help show where and when an earthquake may strike.【语篇解读】要准确地预测地震很难，但从古至今人们都尝试用不同手段对地震进行预测。5Since they were told an earthquake would hit Tokyo，Japanese people_Ahave had no mind to do their workBhave always thought great damage it may causeChave almost forgotten about itDhave bought all the foods in the markets解析：细节理解题。由第一段最后一句的“Japanese people havent been able to get these thoughts out of their minds”可知。答案：B6Which of the following is TRUE?ATokyo people were surprised at the warning.BGreat disasters would happen if people are not warned of before an earthquake.CPredicting earthquakes is completely impossible at present science level.DAccording to ancient people，before an earthquake we can see strange clouds anywhere.解析：细节理解题。由第二段最后一句“It would be terrible not to warn people of a possible disaster in case a quake actually occurs”可知答案。答案：B7Which is the best way to predict earthquakes nowadays?AWatch animals.BBy special“earthquake clouds”CUse satellite systems.DTheres no way.解析：细节理解题。由文章最后一段可看出答案。答案：C8Which can be the best title for the passage?AEarthquake prediction.BMagnetic fields.CEarthquakes.DAn earthquake in Japan.解析：主旨理解题。由全文可知，本文讲的是地震预报的重要性。答案：ACTail spinTwo dolphins race around in a big pool in the Ocean Park.The smaller dolphin，Grace，shows off a few of her tricks，turning around and waving hello to the crowd.The most amazing thing about her，however，is that shes even swimming at all.She doesnt have a tail.Grace lost her tail as a baby when she got caught up in a fish trap.When the dolphin arrived at the Ocean Park in December 2005，she was fighting for her life.“Is she going to make it？”Her trainer，Abbey Stone，feared the worst.Grace did make itbut her tail didnt.She ended up losing her flukes and the lower part of her peduncle.Over the past six years，she has learned to swim without her tail.Dolphins swim by moving their flukes and peduncle up and down.Grace taught herself to move another waylike a fish！She pushes herself forward through the water by moving her peduncle from side to side.The movements put harmful pressure on Graces backbone.So a company offered to create a manmade tail for her.The tail had to be strong enough to stay on Grace as she swam but soft enough that it wouldnt hurt her.The first time Grace wore the artificial tail，she soon shook it off and let it sink to the bottom of the pool.Now，she is still learning to use the tail.Some days she wears it for an hour at a time，others not at all.“The new tail isnt necessary for her to feel comfortable，”says Stone，“but it helps to keep that range of motion(动作)and build muscles(肌肉)”Now，the dolphin is about to get an even happier ending.This month，Grace will star in Dolphin Tale，a film that focuses on her rescue and recovery.Her progress has inspired more than just a new movie.Many people travel from near and far to meet her.Seeing Grace swim with her manmade tail gives people so much courage.【语篇解读】本文为记叙文，讲述了一只名叫格雷斯的海豚勇敢面对困难的故事。9When Grace first arrived at the Ocean Park，her trainer worried about her_Aphysical buildBpotential abilityCchance of survivalDadaptation to the surroundings解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“When the dolphin arrived at the Ocean Park in December 2005，she was fighting for her life.Is she going to make it？Her trainer，Abbey Stone，feared the worst.”可知此题应选择C项。答案：C10A manmade tail is created for Grace to_Alet her recover fasterBmake her comfortableCadjust her way of swimmingDhelp her perform better tricks解析：推理判断题。根据文章第四段和第五段的描述可知这条人造的尾巴是帮助格雷斯游泳的，故此题选择C项。答案：C11The story of Grace inspires people to_Astick to their dreamsBtreat animals friendlyCtreasure what they haveDface difficulties bravely解析：推理判断题。通读全文，格雷斯从一开始身陷险境，到失去尾巴，最后有一个圆满的结局。由此可以看出格雷斯的故事能够激励人们勇敢地面对困难，故选择D项。答案：DDIn April this year，lots of bags full of small change(零钱) were seen at bus stops in Tianjin.They were made for passengers to turn their notes into small change.And such an idea came from four students from Zhongbei Middle School，Tianjin.“People will surely feel worried when they take a bus without coins.We just want to do something to help them，”said Wang Yongcun，15，one of the four students.The four boys spent their whole weekend making the change bags.After that they went to see the number of the passengers at each bus stop near their school，and then chose the top six stops to put the bags.Many people think that the four boys have really done a good job.But，things didnt go as the boys thought.Two days later，they found that the money was gone，and that even the bags were taken.It really made them sad but they would not give up.Their classmates and teachers came to help them in time.They put their pocket money in bags again.And the teachers also taught them to make better change bags.They tried their best to do it.The four boys feel very happy because they have done something good for the passengers.Their warm hearts are moving.More and more people are beginning to join in the activity.【语篇解读】本文是一篇时文报道，主要讲述四个学生为方便乘公交车的乘客换零钱而制作零钱袋子的感人事迹。尽管他们遇到了困难，但并没有放弃。他们的行为吸引了越来越多的人加入这个活动。12It took_the whole weekend to make the change bags.Athe passengers Bthe teachersCthe four boys Dthe parents解析：细节理解题。根据第三段首句“The four boys spent their whole weekend making the change bags.”可知答案。答案：C13The change bags were put_Anear the parks Bon the busesCunder the desks Dat the bus stops解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“.and then chose the top six stops to put the bags.”可知答案。答案：D14Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?AThe small change didnt help the passengers much.BThe passengers refused to put money in the bags.CThe idea of small change bags came from four boys.DThe teachers gave up when the bags were taken.解析：细节理解题。根据首段最后一句“And such an idea came from four students from Zhongbei Middle School，Tianjin.”可知答案。答案：C15Whats the main idea of this passage?AGiving help brings us happiness.BPocket money can be helpful.CMaking change bags is difficult.DEvery coin has two sides.解析：主旨大意题。本文是一篇时文报道，讲述四个学生为方便乘公交车的乘客而制作零钱袋子的感人事迹。他们为自己做了好事而感到快乐，故选A。答案：A第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Can you fall fast asleep at night？If not，you can try to drink a glass of hot milk._16_ Still no luck？Try thinking about sheep jumping over a fence.Count them to yourself “One，two，three，four.one hundred and ninetyfive，one hundred and ninetysix.”_17_ Should you take a sleeping pill？People who take pills often come to depend on the drugs.So you lie awake knowing that the new workday will soon arrive.If this happens to you for at least one month，you may have primary insomniAThere are millions of you.us.around the world.A new study has found that you might fall asleep quicker and stay asleep longer if you try “cerebral hypothermia”No，cerebral hypothermia is not a complex medical process._18_Two American professors led the study.They examined twelve people who had insomniATwelve others had no sleep problems.Each of them wore a soft plastic cap on their heads at bedtime._19_ The researchers moved the water through the tubes and then changed the temperature of the water.Other studies showed that people who had trouble sleeping often had more chemical reactions in the front of their brains.The researchers thought lowering the temperature of the brain might help.The first two nights of testing，the patients wore no water caps.During the next two nights，the caps were worn，but the water was not cooled.Then the researchers cooled the water a little for two nights._20_The researchers found that the water caps did not help the insomnia patients until the temperature was about 14.Most of the patients fell asleep faster and slept better when the coolest water was moving around their heads.ASome say sleeping pills might help.BIt just means cooling down your brain.CThe caps had tubes inside filled with water.DIt is late at night and you are still awake.EIf that does not work，listen to some soft，beautiful music.FThey believe they have discovered something important that needs more research.GOn the final two nights of the study，the temperature of the water was made much cooler.答案：16.E17.D18.B19.C20.G第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Earthquakes are common；thousands of them happen each day.But most are too_21_to feel.During a_22_earthquake，there is often a great noise first.Then the earth_23_terribly；many houses_24_down.Railway tracks break and trains go_25_lines；a great many factories are_26_；thousands of deaths are caused，and many more lose homes._27_the great damage and deaths caused by the earthquake_28_，other disasters such as fires often_29_More buildings are destroyed and more_30_are caused.It is well known of the_31_of a possible earthquake，and for centuries man has been making researches on earthquakes.More than 2，000 years ago，_32_，a Chinese scientist named Zhang Heng_33_a machine which could find out from which_34_the seismic(地震的)waves had come，and this machine is still_35_by scientists today.Now we know much more about earthquakes and_36_they happen，but we still cannot_37_exactly when and where an earthquake will happen，and cannot_38_it from happening.So earthquakes are among the_39_disasters in the world.No one can stop natural earthquakes._40_，scientists can help stop earthquakes from destroying whole cities and causing too many deaths.【语篇解读】本文为说明文，讲述了地震的危害以及人们为此所做的努力。21AthinBweakClight Dslow解析：地震震感轻微而感知不到。weak指“弱小”；thin指“瘦”；light指“轻”；slow指“慢”。根据句意选B。答案：B22Areal BweakCbig Dsmall解析：根据后面的描述可知应该是一次大地震。答案：C23Amoves BshakesCjumps Dbreaks解析：首先排除C。shake指“震动，晃动，摇动”；move指“移动”；break指“破碎”。答案：B24Aget BputCset Dfall解析：fall down在此指房屋倒塌。答案：D25Aoff BonCinto Dbehind解析：铁路轨道破裂，所以火车偏离铁路线。off指“离开，不相连”，其他三个词均不符合题意。答案：A26Aburst BhurtCdestroyed Dburied解析：在此指工厂被毁。burst指“爆炸，炸开，突然爆发”；hurt指“伤害，使受伤”；bury指“埋葬”，这三个词均不符合题意。答案：C27AExcept BBesidesCInstead of DBecause of解析：句意：除了地震本身所造成的巨大破坏和死亡以外，其他灾害也随之而来，例如火灾。besides既包括地震本身所造成的破坏和死亡，也包括其他灾害。如果用except，则不包括地震本身所造成的破坏和死亡，所以不符合题意。答案：B28Alonely BlaterCthemselves Ditself解析：这里指地震本身引起的破坏和死亡，故选D。答案：D29Afollow BcopyCcome Denter解析：B、D两项不符合题意，先排除；follow有“随之而来”之意，而come只表“来到”。答案：A30Aquakes BdeathsCdifficulties Dresults解析：大火造成的两大结果：房屋被毁，人员伤亡。答案：B31Ainformation BquestionsCdangers Dshock解析：根据上下文可知地震的危险性是众所周知的，所以人们一直在做有关地震的研究。答案：C32Aas a result Bin factCfor example Das well解析：举例说明人们在这方面的研究。答案：C33Ainvented BdiscoveredCfound Doperated解析：invent发明；discover发现；find找到；operate操作，运行。根据句意可知A正确。答案：A34Acountry BdirectionCway Dcity解析：A、D两项不符合题意，先排除；direction表“方位，方向”，而way则指“路，道或路线”，way也可以指“方向”，但一般用在this，that，which等之后构成短语。答案：B35Aimproved BrepairedCprotected Dused解析：科学家们现在仍在使用这种机器。答案：D36Awhere BwhenCwhat Dwhy解析：C项不符合语法，先排除；when，where在下句中出现。答案：D37Aspeak BtellCtalk Dpoint解析：但是我们仍然不知道到底什么时候、在哪儿会发生地震。tell有“说出，知道，断定”之意。答案：B38Amake BprepareCstop Dlet解析：首先，根据题意应选择表示“制止，停止”的词；其次，根据固定搭配stop sb/sth(from)doing.可知C项正确。答案：C39Aworst BbestCmost Dfast解析：根据上下文可知地震是最严重的灾害之一。答案：A40AHowever BButCAnd DSo解析：句意在此转折，并用逗号隔开，所以选副词however；but为连词，不能用逗号隔开。答案：A第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Several days before July 28th，1976，many strange things happened in Tangshan.They were signs for the earthquake.41._people in the city of Tangshan didnt think much of these.At 3：42 am on July 28th，1976，the 42._(great) earthquake of the 20th century happened in Tangshan，Hebei Province，China.In fifteen terrible seconds，a large city lay in 43._(ruin)The number of people who were killed or 44._(injure) reached more than 400，000.Nearly everything was destroyed，45._(include) hospitals，factories，buildings，dams，railway tracks，etc.Water，food and electricity were hard 46._(get)People wondered how long the disaster would last.Not all hope was lost.The army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to help 47._rescue workers，and some of them and doctors were 48._(trap) under the ruins.Slowly the city began 49._(breath) again.From then on，every year on July 28，we would honour those who died in the terrible disaster and those 50._helped the survivors.答案：41.But42.greatest43.ruins44.injured45.including46.to get47.the48.trapped49.to breathe50.who第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()画掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Last Sunday we had a party.During the party，I making my way to the bathroom and c