加拿大的温哥华1986年刚刚度过百岁的生日.ppt

Lecture Fifteen,Translation of Passages & Text,I. Review and comments on the assignments II. Translation of passages or texts III. Summary IV. Assignments V. References for further reading,Teaching Procedures,加拿大的温哥华1986年刚刚度过百岁的生日，但城市的发展令世界瞩目。以港立市，以港兴市，是许多港口城市生存发展的道路。经过百年开发建设，有着天然不冻良港的温哥华，成为举世瞩目的港口城市，同亚洲、大洋洲、欧洲、拉丁美洲均有定期班轮，年货物吞吐量达8000万吨，全市就业人口中有三分之一从事贸易与运输行业。 温哥华的辉煌是温哥华人的智慧和勤奋的结晶， 其中包括多民族的贡献。加拿大地广人稀，国土面积比中国还大，人口却不足3000万。吸收外来移民，是加拿大长期奉行的国策。可以说，加拿大除了印第安人外，无一不是外来移民， 不同的是时间长短而已。温哥华则更是世界上屈指可数的多民族城市。现今180完温哥华居民中，有一半不是在本地出生的，每4个居民中就有一个是亚洲人。而25万华人对温哥华的经济转型起着决定性作用，其中有一半是近5年才来到温哥华地区的， 使温哥华成为亚洲以外最大的中国人聚居地。,I. Review and comments on the assignments,I. Review and comments on the assignments,The glory of Vancouver is the result of the intelligence and industry of the Vancouverers, including the contributions by a variety of other ethnic groups. Canada is a vast country with a sparse population. Its territory is larger than China, while its population is less than 30 ,000,000. It is its long pursued national policy to absorb immigrants. (To attract immigrants is one of Canadian long-term policies.) It can be said that all Canadians, except the Indian aboriginals, are immigrants who are different from each other only in the length of time they have settled there.,I. Review and comments on the assignments,Vancouver is one of the very few multinational cities in the world. in the present 1.8 million residents in Vancouver, half are not native(not born in this city, and one in every four is (a quarter are) of Asian origin. The 250,000 Chinese play a crucial role in Vancuvers economic transformation. Half of the Chinese have come to the city just in the past five years and made it the largest Chinese gathering center outside Asia.,II. Passages translation,People are always talking about “the problem of youth”. If there is one-which I take leave to doubt-then it is older people who create it, not the young themselves. Let us get down to fundamentals and agree that the young are after all human beings-people just like their elders. There is only one difference between an old man and a young one: the young man has a glorious future before him and the old one has a splendid future behind him: and maybe that is where the rub is.,人们总是在谈论“青年人问题”。,如果真有这么一个问题-对于这一点我要不揣冒昧地表示怀疑-那也是年长者造出来的， 而不是青年人自己造成的。,让我们认真考虑一下问题的根源吧， 而且我们要 承认青年人毕竟是人-是跟他们长辈一样的人。,青年人和老年人之间只有一点不同， 那就是青年人的光辉未来 在他们前头，而老年人的辉煌已经留在他们的身后， 或许这就 是问题之所在。,III. Passages translation,为了更好地贯彻“按劳取酬”的分配原则，国家将努力控制总工资的增长并允许企业根据他们的经营情况来制定他们自己的分配形式， 落实在内部分配方面的企业自主权。企业要建立风险资金以补偿因管理不善而造成的亏损。假如条件允许， 有的企业可以逐渐采用新的分配制度， 比方说， 根据能力来决定工资的高低， 从而把最高和最低收入的差距拉开， 这样企业的经济效益， 工人的收入和个人对企业的贡献就紧密得互相联系起来。,To better implement the distribution principle of “to each according to his work”, the state will make efforts to control the increase in total wages and allow enterprises to set up their own systems of distribution based on management.,Risk funds will be set up to compensate for losses incurred because of poor management.,If conditions permit, some enterprises can gradually adopt a new distribution system, for example, fixing wages according to the ability, to widen the gap between the highest and the lowest income. In this way, the economic results of the enterprises, the workers income and his personal contribution to the enterprise are closely connected .,The Ideal Place for Your Summer Vacation Welcome to the scenic Lakes Region of New Hampshire. Here you will find a host of fun events and activities to entertain you and your family for your entire vacation. Looking for a slower pace instead? We can help with that as well. Here in new Hampshire there are many opportunities to find a peaceful spot hidden among the lush forests of tall evergreens and hard-woods or next to a rambling brook or pictorial lake. Pack a picnic lunch, bring along a good book, sit back and enjoy the views and delight in the splendor of this beautiful region.,避暑胜地新罕布什尔州湖区,欢迎来到新罕布什尔州风景优美的湖区。,在这儿，暑假活动丰富多彩，全家都能享受到无穷的乐趣。,想减缓一下生活的节奏吗？,我们也能为你提供服务。,新罕布什尔州森林茂密，绿树长青，泉水蜿蜒而流，湖边风景如画，到处都是幽然寂静的好去处。,带上野餐，再加上一本好书，舒舒服服坐下来好好欣赏一下这儿优美的景色，你会感到心旷神怡。,III. Text translation, No matter what you fancy is, you will never be at a loss of what to do. Within the locales of this lovely region, we offer 273 lakes and ponds of all sizes, family attractions, lake cruises, swimming, summer theater, hiking, biking, fishing, scenic country drives, museums antiquing, craft fairs and festivals and of courseshopping. The possibilities of fun and relaxation are endless. With so many fun things to do in an atmosphere that promotes relaxation, it is no wonder so many people return to the serenity of N.H.s lakes year after year.,不管你有什么爱好，在这儿会找到你喜欢的活动。,风景区有273个大大小小的湖泊，正是一家人的避暑胜地。你们可以坐上游艇在湖上巡游，也可以在湖里游泳，或在湖边钓鱼；或到山间乡下徒步旅行，骑自行车游览，或驾车观赏美丽的乡野景色；你们也可以上夏日剧院欣赏戏剧，去寻幽访古，参观手工艺品展览会，参加丰富多彩的节日活动，当然不要忘记购物。,总之，在这儿可以找到各种乐趣和休闲方式。,在怡然自得的气氛中，能享受各种乐趣。所以，许多人年复一年都要回到新罕布什尔州宁静的湖区来避暑度假。,III. Text translation,For the best that New Hampshire has to offer in natural beauty, an enormous array of lodging, fine dining, outdoor activities, attractions kids of all ages will love, and great shopping, the Lakes Region is a vacation wonderland. A trip to the scenic Lakes Region of N.H. is incomplete without visiting Wolfeboro which is the center of activity on the eastern side of Lake Winnipesaukee and can be reached by driving Routes 28 or 109.,III. Text translation,新罕布什尔州湖区，自然风光优美，旅舍餐馆林立。此外，还有各种户外活动和孩子们所喜欢的各种游戏；当然还有购物的好去处。这儿的湖区无疑是度假的天堂。,但，不到瓦弗博罗，还不能说到过新罕布什尔州美丽的湖区。瓦弗博罗位于温尼皮邵基湖的东面，是湖东的一个活动中心，28号和109号公路直通瓦弗博罗。,This lovely and historic lakeside town is often referred to as the “Oldest Summer Resort in America,” for here in 1763 the Royal Governor Wentworths family began building a summer estate. Soon after this point other wealthy families built summer homes here as well and eventually the railroads pushed into the region and the area soon became a full-fledged recreation and vacation area.,III. Text Translation,这儿是一个风景优美的湖畔名胜古镇，被誉为“美国最早的避暑胜地”。1763年，英王任命的皇家总督温特沃斯一家在此修筑避暑山庄。,此后，许多有钱人家都先后在此建造了避暑别墅。最后，铁路也通到这儿，瓦弗博罗成了兴旺的休闲和避暑胜地。, As you approach Wolfeboro from any direction, you will pass by lovely old homes and inns until you arrive at the picturesque center of the village with views of Wolfeboro Bay and the lake beyond. Along Main Street you will find charming boutiques and specialty shops of every description, a range of restaurants from casual family spots to historic inn dining rooms and taverns. A beautifully situated park on the lakes shore provides a perfect spot to savor an ice cream while watching the boats darting about on the bay or the exciting arrival of the famous M/S Mount Washington as she docks nearby.,III. Text Translation,不论从哪儿到瓦弗博罗，一路上迎面而来的是古老精巧的住宅和旅舍。瓦弗博罗村的中心，濒临瓦弗博罗湾，湖湾外面就是瓦弗博罗湖；这儿风景如画，优美无比。,在村中的大街上，时装商店、特色商店、家常饭馆和富有历史名胜意义的餐厅和小酒店，一家挨一家，令你流连忘返。,公园座落在湖边，风光秀丽。在那儿，你可以一边品尝冰淇淋，一边观赏湖湾里的游艇飞也似地穿梭往来；当著名的华盛顿山号游轮刚刚在附近的码头靠岸时，你会看到那兴奋的游客熙熙攘攘地上岸。,This park hosts many cultural and entertaining events throughout the year and is the center point for summertime entertainment. Visitors will enjoy such events as musical performances, fine art shows, craft fairs, the New England Antique Boat Museum, fireworks and many other activities. A unique way to view Lake Winnipesaukee and its natural surroundings is by Kayak. Views of this region provide a great escape into nature.,Passage Translation,公园也是夏天的娱乐中心，并且整年都有各种文化娱乐活动。,游客在这儿可以出席音乐会，欣赏美术展览和工艺品展览，参观新英格兰古代船舶博物馆，晚上还可观看焰火-活动项目丰富多彩，令你应接不暇。,卡亚克位于温尼皮邵基湖后湾附近，是观赏湖上及其周围自然风光的最佳地方。,来到这儿，犹如回到了大自然的怀抱。,III. Text Translation,Sub-health-Disease of the Century At the threshold of the 21st century, we are going to embrace an age of chances and challenges, which is filled with risks and crises. Looking into the future, however, we cant afford to be optimistic. In spite of the more and more economic and technical achievements and progresses we have made, the ecological loss is unprecedented, which is demonstrated by the increasingly severe desertification, shrinking resources of fresh water, unbearable scales of air pollution, acid rain and chemical residues in food, etc. We cannot even tell whether we are sick.,人类跨入21世纪，我们将要迎接的是一个机 会与挑战并存，风险与危机此起彼伏的时代。,展望未来，我们的确来不得半点乐观，,因为尽管我们在经济上、技术上取得越来越多的成就和进步，然而在生态学上，我们却在遭受前所未有的失败，我们正面临着全球范围的严重危机。,诸如土地沙漠化越来越严重，可以使用的淡水资源越来越匮乏，空气污染、酸雨以及食物中农药残留已经达到我们无法忍受的程度等我们自己都说不清是不是在生病。,III. Text Translation,As a result, sub-health is discovered-an intermediate “butter” between health and sickness in which the uncomfortable body is below the health level but no pathological changes in organs are incurred. Anyone physiologically or psychologically diagnosed as having a certain disease belongs to this category.,所以介于疾病与健康之间的“缓冲区”，即人体已偏离健康，存在不适，但又未出现器质性病变的一种状况亚健康状态被发现。,一切躯体生理上、心理上确诊为某种疾病者，均可概括其中。,III. Text Translation,For years, the medical experts from all over the world have committed themselves to establishing a set of scientific criteria for health. When carefully studying how the structure and function of every part of the body contribute to real health, they arrive at the same conclusion that physical health and psychological health are interrelated and interdependent. Therefore, a new criterion of health that every checking index must be completely normal has been gradually adopted by the world since the beginning of the 20th century.,世界各国的医学专家们多年来一直在致力于构建一整套科学的有关人体健康的标准体系。,当他们仔细地研究人体的每一部分怎样结构、怎样运转才能真正称为健康的时候，都不约而同地找到了人的身体健康与心理健康相互依存、相互制约的关系。,因此从20世纪初开始，“生理与心理各项检测指标都完全正常才是真正的健康”的标准已逐渐被世界各国所公认。,III. Text Translation,In 1950s, World Health Organization (WHO) announces to the world an authoritative and scientific definition of health: “The concept of health is that one keeps healthy in energy, body and social communication.” During the same period the Japanese proposed the so-called “Four Fasts” criterion for measuring health, namely, eat fast, digest fast, sleep fast and speak fast (a sign of smartness).,20世纪50年代，世界卫生组织（WHO）正式向全世界发布了权威的、科学的健康定义：“健康的概念是指一个人在精神、身体和社会交往三方面的保持健康状态。”,这期间日本人也提出了衡量健康的所谓“四快”标准，即吃得快、便得快、睡得快和说话快（思维敏捷）。,III. Text translation,Physiologically people in sub-health are very susceptible to cold, fatigue and discomfort-including dyspepsia, insomnia, and psychological syndromes such as reduction of self-control, hypersensitiveness to surroundings, distortion of mental balance, and instability of mood. Experts estimate that without appropriate treatment or adjustment, 70% of the people in sub-health will die of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases; 10% will die of diabetes-incurred metabolic malfunction; 10% of over-fatigue and unexpected sudden death; only the rest 10% are expected to run the natural course of life.,亚健康人群在生理上常表现为易感冒、易疲劳、易不适。这里所说的“不适”包括消化不良、睡眠不佳以及不适，如自我控制能力下降、对外界事物反应过敏、内心平衡难以满足、情绪不稳定容易波动等。,医学专家们预料，处于亚健康状态的人群，如果不进行适当的治疗或调整，他们中间将有70%的人死于心脑血管疾病；10%的人死于糖尿病代谢障碍；10%死于过劳及意外猝死；只有大约10%的人有希望安享天年。,III. Text Translation,Thus our common concepts of “soundness” or “good health” are far from the real criteria of health. In recent years, some experts have proposed the concept of sub-health as against the traditional view of health in terms of no illness. Although no evidence of illness is found in the body function of a person in sub-health, his energy tends to be deficient and adaptive abilities are on the decline to different degrees, which is a symptom of incomplete health.,由此可见，我们通常所说的“没病”，“身体挺好”这些概念还远不是真正健康的标准。,为了引起人们对健康标准的重视，近年来有些医学专家们针对“没病就是健康”的传统观念提出了“亚健康”的概念。,亚健康状态指的是一个人的身体机能虽然没有疾病表现，但是平时却缺乏活力，对外界的适应能力已有不同程度的减退。这就是一种不完全健康的表现。,III. Text Translation,This gloomy view should be taken into serious account by middle-and-aged people in sub-health. Never be too self- confident about your health. Instead, consult the doctor immediately or adjust yourself in work and life in case of any evidence of sub-health. Once in sub-health, no one is a better doctor than you yourself.,这种悲观的估计特别应当引起正处于亚健康状态的中老年朋友们的高度重视。,千万不要对自己的身体过于自信，如果发现自己正处于亚健康状态，,如果发现自己正处于亚健康状态，就及时看医生， 或者调整工作和生活方式。,处于亚健康状态-最好的医生是你自己。,If there is anyone out there who still doubts that America is a place where all things are possible; who still wonders if the dream of our founders is alive in our time; who still questions the power of our democracy, tonight is your answer.,如果有人怀疑美国是个一切皆有可能的地方，怀疑美国奠基者的梦想在我们这个时代依然燃烧，怀疑我们民主的力量，那么今晚这些疑问都有了答案。,IV. Practice,学校和教堂门外的长龙便是答案。排队的人数之多，在美国历史上前所未有。为了投票，他们排队长达三、四个小时。许多人一生中第一次投票，因为他们认为这一次大选结果必须不同以往，而他们手中的一票可能决定胜负。,Its the answer told by lines that stretched around schools and churches in numbers this nation has never seen; by people who waited three hours and four hours, many for the very first time in their lives, because they believed that this time must be different; that their voice could be that difference.,IV. Practice,无论年龄，无论贫富，无论民主党人或共和党人，无论黑人、白人，无论拉美裔、亚裔、印地安人, 无论同性恋、异性恋，无论残障人、健全人，所有的人，他们向全世界喊出了同一个声音：我们并不隶属 “红州”与 “蓝州”的对立阵营，我们属于美利坚合众国，现在如此，永远如此！,Its the answer spoken by young and old, rich and poor, Democrat and Republican, black, white, Latino, Asian, Native American, gay, straight, disabled and not disabled Americans who sent a message to the world that we have never been a collection of red states and blue states; we are, and always will be, the United States of America.,IV. Practice,长久以来，很多人说：我们对自己的能量应该冷漠，应该恐惧，应该怀疑。但是，历史之轮如今已在我们手中，我们又一次将历史之轮转往更美好的未来。,Its the answer that led those who have been told for so long by so many to be cynical, and fearful, and doubtful of what we can achieve to put their hands on the arc of history and bend it once more toward the hope of a better day.,IV. Practice,我要感谢下一位第一夫人米歇尔奥巴马。她是我家的中流砥柱，是我生命中的最爱。没有她在过去16年来的坚定支持，今晚我就不可能站在这里。,I would not be standing here tonight without the unyielding support of my best friend for the last 16 years, the rock of our family and the love of my life, our nations next first lady, Michelle Obama.,IV. Practice,劳动大众从自己的微薄积蓄中掏出5美元、10美元、20美元，拿来捐助我们的事业。年轻人证明了他们绝非所谓“冷漠的一代”。他们远离家乡和亲人，拿着微薄的报酬，起早摸黑地助选。上了年纪的人也顶着严寒酷暑，敲开陌生人的家门助选。无数美国人自愿组织起来，充当自愿者。正是这些人壮大了我们的声势。他们的行动证明了在两百多年以后，民有、民治、民享的政府并未从地球上消失。,It was built by working men and women who dug into what little savings they had to give $5 and $10 and $20 to this cause. It grew strength from the young people who rejected the myth of their generations apathy; who left their homes and their families for jobs that offered little pay and less sleep; from the not-so-young people who braved the bitter cold and scorching heat to knock on the doors of perfect strangers; from the millions of Americans who volunteered and organized, and proved that more than two centuries later, a government of the people, by the people and for the people has not perished from this earth.,IV. Practice,How to achieve,Reasons for failure,Characteristics,V. Additional exercises,Christmas was a quite affair when I was growing up. / There were just my parents and me. /I vowed that someday Id marry and have six children, and at Christmas my house would vibrate with energy and life and love.,小时候（增词译法，使译文更生动贴切。） 圣诞节过得很平静， 那时的我正处于成长阶段。 /我们家是典型的三口之家， 只有父母及我。 /我发誓将来我要结婚并养六个孩子， 过圣诞节时我的家里就会爱意盈盈、生气勃勃。（ 此处将vibrate “振荡”译成“盈盈、勃勃”，转静为动， 传神入化。),How to achieve,Reasons for failure,Characteristics,I found the man who shared my dream, but we had not reckoned on the possibility of infertility (being unable to produce babies). /Undaunted (not discouraged), we applied for adoption and, within a year, he arrived.,我找到了与我有共同梦想的丈夫， 但没料到我们没有生育能力。 我们并为气馁， 于是申请领养孩子。不到一年， 他来到我们家中。,V. Additional exercises,How to achieve,Reasons for failure,Characteristics,We called him our Christmas Boy because he came to us during that season of joy, when he was just six days old. /Then nature surprised us again. /In rapid succession we added two biological children to the family-not as many as we had hoped for, but compared with my quiet childhood, three made an entirely satisfactory crowd.,我们叫他圣诞孩， 因为他是在那个喜庆的节日来到我们中间的， 那时,他生下来刚满六天。 后来， 造化弄人，再次令我们惊喜。 我们自己竟很快为家里连续添了两个小宝宝-还没有我们希望的那么多， 不过同我那平静的孩童时代相比， 三个孩子是足以构成使人完全心满意足的小群体啦。,V. Additional exercises,How to achieve,Reasons for failure,Characteristics,As our Christmas Boy grew, he made it clear that only he had the expertise (special skill and knowledge 本事) to select and decorate the Christmas tree each year. /He rushed the season(为圣诞节忙活), starting his gift list before wed even finished the Thanksgiving turkey,随着圣诞男孩的长大，他清楚地向大家表明只有他才有本事选择和装饰一年一度的圣诞树。 我们还未享受完刚恩节的火鸡， 他就开始列出礼物单， 为圣诞节忙这忙那。,V. Additional exercises,How to achieve,Reasons for failure,Characteristics,He pressed （要求）us into singing carols, our frog-like (沙哑的) voices contrasting with his musical gift of perfect pitch. /Each holiday he stirred us up, leading us through a round of merry chaos.,他要求我们唱圣诞颂歌， 我们沙哑的声音与他具有音乐天赋的完善的音调构成鲜明的对比。 每个假日，他都早早地把我们鼓动起来， 让我们跟着他快乐地忙活一番。,V. Additional exercises,How to achieve,Reasons for failure,Characteristics,Our friends were right about adopted children not being the same. /Through his own unique heredity, his irrepressible（lively and energentic, and never seems to be depressed） good cheer, his bossy wit (爱发号施令的打趣的话语), our Christmas Boy made our life colorful./He made us look and behave better than we were.,领养的孩子就是不一样， 朋友们说得一点不错。 我们的圣诞男孩凭借他独特的遗传因子、无拘无束、天真浪漫的性格和爱发挥的风趣话语， 使我们的生活多姿多彩。 他使我们的面貌与举止都比以前好很多。,V. Additional exercises,How to achieve,Reasons for failure,Characteristics,Then, on his 26th Christmas, he left us as unexpectedly as he had come. /He was killed in a car accident on an icy Denver street, on his way home to his young wife and infant daughter.,然而， 在他的第26个圣诞节那天，